Ireland's Neutrality in World War II
Despite being divided into North and South, with Northern Ireland part of the UK, the Free State of Ireland remained neutral during World War II. Eamon DeValera, leader of Fianna Fail, chose neutrality, which impacted Ireland's relationship with both the Allies and the Axis powers. Learn more about Ireland's stance during WWII and the implications of its neutrality.
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Ireland During World War II Ireland During World War II The impact of WWII on the lives of Irish people Opening Activities: 1. Numeracy: Calculate how many years ago WWII began. 2. KWL: Divide a copybook page into three sections. In relation to this topic write what you know in section 1 and what you want to know in section 2. What I need to know and understand: 3. Literacy: With a peer unscramble the following key word related to this topic: UNTELAR 1. The status of Ireland during WWII 2. How WWII impacted the lives of Irish people on the island of Ireland Skills I will develop: 1. Analysing and extracting information from sources 4. What might this word mean in relation to this topic? Discuss with a peer. 2. Critical/Visual Thinking skills, research and writing skills Ms. Brady
Remember: At the time of WWII, 1939-1945, Ireland had been partitioned into North and South, 6 counties in N.I. and 26 counties in the Free State. N.I. remained part of the UK. What political party was in power in the Free State, 1939? Why was Ireland (the Free State) neutral? Why was Ireland (the Free State) neutral? Eamon DeValera had established Fianna Fail in 1926. What year did they first come to power? Thinking Critically: Working with a peer attempt these questions: 1. Why might the Free State government have chosen to remain neutral during WWII? Why might the Irish public have supported this? Look at this newspaper article; what might the circled captions mean? How might Northern Ireland s experience of WWII differed from the Free State? 2. 3. 4.
Who was not happy about this neutrality? Who was not happy about this neutrality? Critical & Visually Thinking: Study the map of Western Europe geographically and strategically how might the Free State have been a threat to Britain during the war? Winston Churchill, British Prime Minister, 1940 and his allies wanted the Free State to support them against the Germans. Note: Neutrality may not have been possible if the Treaty ports had not been returned to the Free State by Britain in 1938. Can you remember the 3 Treaty ports?
Reinforce your learning: Friendly Neutrality Friendly Neutrality https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FLy6GA6-Xhw Read about neutrality in your textbook. Watch this fun clip: Even though the Free State did not take sides, they secretly assisted the Allies in the following ways: 1. Gave important weather reports 2. Returned Allied pilots that crashed-landed in Ireland but detained German pilots that crash- landed 3. Allowed Irish citizens to sign up to join the British army which many did Writing task: Write an objective account on Irish Neutrality during WWII. Opening sentence: During WWII Ireland remained neutral. This means . However, Churchill wanted de Valera to allow the British navy to use Ireland s western ports but de Valera refused. Why might de Valera have refused this request? Explain What it means to be neutral Why Ireland chose to be neutral Who supported neutrality and who did not; and why Friendly neutrality Churchill offered to return Northern Ireland to the Free State if it joined the British. But de Valera refused. Why might de Valera have refused? How do you imagine this affected Ireland s relationship with the Allied powers?
How might the war have impacted the lives of people? How might the war have impacted the lives of people? Lesson 2 Discuss this question with a peer, considering: What might be in short supply? What needed to be monitored? Who was to do the monitoring? How might the government of protected the country s neutrality? Pool your ideas with the rest of the class. In 1939, De Valera s government introduced this Act It was called the Emergency Powers Act As a result the WWII period in Ireland was known as the Emergency Complete Q. 1 on the accompanied Worksheet to learn about this Act
The impact on Irish lives continued The impact on Irish lives continued Irish Shipping Limited was established to cater for the country s import needs. This provided employment in Ireland. Why might other countries ships have not been available? A new ministerial role was established Minister of Supplies, (Sean Lemass) Tillage (crop) farming was increased. Irish farmers were obliged to grow crops ordinarily imported. How might this have impacted the Irish farmer and Irish public? The Local Defence Force was established. Many young men joined. Why might the government have wanted to increase the armed forces?
The impact on Irish lives continued The impact on Irish lives continued Rationing The Glimmer Man above had an important role during the emergency in regards to rationing. Studying the picture above what might his role have been? (Consider were he is located in the image) Bless de Valera and S an McEntee They gave us black bread and a half ounce of tea (McEntee was Minister for Local Government and Public Health) Every household was issued with a Ration book in 1942. It recorded purchases in local shops. Every house had quotas for certain products and they could not exceed it. What items do you think were rationed? What does this parody song suggest in relation to the publics feelings towards rationing?
The impact on Irish lives continued The impact on Irish lives continued Censorship The North Strand Bombing, 1941 The North Strand Bombing, 1941 Watch the report of the Dublin bombing below: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7rwJ1T6rmAg 1. Is this a primary or secondary source? 2. Is there any evidence of bias in the report? Writing task: Imagine you lived in the Free State during WWII. Write a letter, dated 1946, to a friend abroad explaining what it was like. Ensure your letter is factual and refer to the following: Critical thinking: 1. Why might conversations have been censored about the war? Literacy: 2. Use the word censorship in an unrelated topic The Emergency Other impacts: Neutrality Unemployment benefit was increased, and children s allowance introduced to help people cope with the difficult economic conditions Emergency Powers Act Rationing Censorship Can you think of a time when an Irish Government had to introduce emergency measures? Glimmer Man North Strand Bombing
A different experience A different experience Northern Ireland Northern Ireland Lesson 3 Pair-work: 1. Discuss with a peer what you imagine the Northern Ireland experience of WWII was like. 2. Listen to the following podcast - Impact of WWII on Belfast's Society and Economy. https://www.historymatters365.com/case-study- belfast-during-world-war-ii.html 3. Together write down five points in relation to the war experience in N.I. 4. Pool your information with the class. Reflection task: Return to the KWL page in your copy. In section 3 write down all you have learned on this topic
