Introduction to Next Generation Science Standards
Explore the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) with the help of an elementary science specialist. Learn about the rationale for adopting NGSS, how they differ from California Science Standards, and how they relate to the CCSS. Engage in an engineering design task and discover the components of engineering design. Gain insights into how NGSS are organized and what teachers can do to prepare for their full implementation.
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1 An Introduction to the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) ANDREA FERBER ELEMENTARY SCIENCE SPECIALIST, ESC WEST aaf0418@lausd.net
Objectives 2 Learn about the rationale for adopting the NGSS Understand how the NGSS are different from the California Science Standards Become familiar with how the NGSS are organized Learn about how the NGSS are connected to the CCSS Understand what teachers can do now to prepare for full implementation of the NGSS
Engineering Design Task 3 Cut a hole in an index card that is large enough to pass your entire body through Your finished product needs to be a continuous piece of paper that has not been reattached in any way Work with a partner to accomplish this task You have 20 minutes
4 Engineering Design Task Solution Steps 1. Cut a slit down the middle of the index card.
5 Engineering Design Task Solution Steps 2. Beginning at one end of the slit, make alternating cuts from the inside and outside on one side of the card.
6 Engineering Design Task Solution Steps 3. Continue making cuts until you read the other end of the slit.
7 Engineering Design Task Solution Steps 4. Mirror the cuts on the other side of the card.
Engineering Practices 8 The engineering practices are a natural extension of science practices. Science instruction often includes opportunities for students to engage in engineering practices.
Engineering Design (3 Components) 9 1. Defining the problem 2. Designing solutions 3. Optimizing the design solution
Engineering Design in Grades K-2 10 Engineering design in the earliest grades introduces students to problems as situations that people want to change. Students can use tools and materials to solve simple problems, use different representations to convey solutions, and compare different solutions to a problem and determine which is best.
Engineering Design in Grades 3-5 11 In the upper elementary grades, engineering design engages students in more formalized problem solving. Students define a problem using criteria for success and constraints or limits of possible solutions. Generating and testing solutions also becomes more rigorous as the students learn to optimize solutions by revising them several times to obtain the best possible design.
Engineering Design for Elementary Grades 12 Students in the elementary grades are not expected to come up with original solutions, although original solutions are always welcome. Emphasis is on thinking through the needs or goals that need to be met, and which solutions best meet those needs and goals.
13 Current CA Science Standards Grade 1 Earth Science Students know that the weather changes from day to day but that trends in temperature or of rain (or snow) tend to be predictable during a season.
14 Current CA Science Standards Grade 1 Investigation and Experimentation Students will record observations and data with pictures, numbers, or written statements.
15 Current CA Science Standards Grade 4 Life Science Students know producers and consumers (herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, and decomposers) are related in food chains and food webs and may compete with each other for resources in an ecosystem.
16 Current CA Science Standards Grade 4 Investigation and Experimentation Students will formulate and justify predictions based on cause-and-effect relationships
NGSS - Three Dimensions Dimension 1 - Scientific and Engineering Practices 18 1. Asking questions and defining problems 2. Developing and using models 3. Planning and carrying out investigations 4. Analyzing and interpreting data 5. Using mathematics and computational thinking 6. Developing explanations and designing solutions 7. Engaging in argument 8. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information
NGSS - Three Dimensions Dimension 2 Disciplinary Core Ideas 19 Four Domains Physical Sciences Life Sciences Earth and Space Sciences Engineering, Technology and Applications of Science
NGSS - Three Dimensions Dimension 3 Crosscutting Concepts 20 1. Patterns 2. Cause and effect 3. Scale, proportion and quantity 4. Systems and system models 5. Energy and matter 6. Structure and function 7. Stability and change
NGSS - Three Dimensions Integrating the Dimensions 22 Crosscutting Concepts Disciplinary Core Ideas Practices
Organization of the NGSS 23 Performance Expectations are statements that describe what students should be able to do at the end of instruction and incorporate one or more Scientific and Engineering Practices, Disciplinary Core Ideas, and Crosscutting Concepts.
Performance Expectations 24 Because Performance Expectations and the foundation boxes in the NGSS describe learning outcomes, they are the basis for using backward design for the development or adaptation of curriculum and instruction. Simply stated, the performance expectation can and should be the starting point of backward design. ROGER BYBEE, NGSS WRITING LEADERSHIP TEAM
Black Boxes 25 I found some black boxes. Each one has a round object inside. They are permanently glued and taped shut, so I can t open them. Can you help me figure out what the inside of the these boxes look like?
Black Boxes 26 Focus Question #1 What does the inside of your box look like? Work in teams of two Write a short description of what you think the inside of the black box looks like and include a detailed drawing with labeled parts Focus on shape and location
Black Boxes 27 Sharing Ideas Locate the chart paper for your box (A-D) and draw your team s idea of what the inside of your black box looks like.
Black Boxes 28 Collaboration & Consensus Get together with another team that has the same black box (A-D) and come to consensus about what the inside of your black box looks like.
Black Boxes 29 Consensus Drawing Choose a representative from your combined group of four to draw a revised plan of your black box.
Black Boxes 30 Focus Question #2 How did working with other scientists change your original thinking about your black box?
Black Boxes 31 Debriefing the Experience The term black box is a general term scientists and engineers use to describe a system that works in mysterious or unknown ways. For most people, a TV is a black box. Electricity goes in and a picture miraculously appears on the screen. A cell phone is another example of a black box. What are other examples of black boxes?
Black Boxes 32 Debriefing the Experience Which Science and Engineering Practices were involved? Which Crosscutting Concepts were involved? How does this activity connect to CCSS ELA and math standards and practices?
33 Why New Standards? The U.S. ranks 27th out of 29 developed nations in the proportion of college students receiving undergraduate degrees in science and engineering. SOURCE: NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
34 Why New Standards? Nearly 90 percent of high school graduates say they re not interested in a career or a college major involving science, technology, engineering or math, known collectively as STEM, according to a survey of more than a million students who take the ACT test. SOURCE: NEW YORK TIMES
35 Why New Standards? The number of students who want to pursue engineering or computer science jobs is actually falling, precipitously, at just the moment when the need for those workers is soaring. SOURCE: NEW YORK TIMES
What is the Origin of the NGSS? 36
37 NGSS Flowchart State Assessments State Curricula National Framework NGSS Standards Professional Development Instruction
38 Timeline for Implementation The current California Science Standards will continue to be in effect for 2014-15 and 2015-16 Formal instructional shifts will begin in 2016-17 Full implementation will begin in 2017-18 with anticipated adoption of new instructional materials The CST will continue to be administered in grade 5 during 2014-15 (possibly through 2016-17)
39 Connections to the CCSS The timing of the release of NGSS comes as most states are implementing the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) in English Language Arts and Mathematics. The NGSS are aligned with the CCSS to ensure a symbiotic pace of learning in all content areas. The three sets of standards overlap in meaningful and substantive ways and offer an opportunity to give all students equitable access to learning standards. SOURCE: NGSS APPENDIX A
Practices in Mathematics, Science, and English Language Arts* Math Science M1. Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. defining problems (for engineering). 40 ELA S1. Asking questions (for science) and E1. They demonstrate independence. M2. Reason abstractly and quantitatively. S2. Developing and using models. E2. They build strong content knowledge. S3. Planning and carrying out investigations. M3. Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others. E3. They respond to the varying demands of audience, task, purpose, and discipline. S4. Analyzing and interpreting data. M4. Model with mathematics. S5. Using mathematics, information and computer technology, and computational thinking. E4. They comprehend as well as critique. M5. Use appropriate tools strategically. E5. They value evidence. M6. Attend to precision. S6. Constructing explanations (for science) and designing solutions (for engineering). E6. They use technology and digital media strategically and capably. M7. Look for and make use of structure. S7. Engaging in argument from evidence. M8. Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning. E7. They come to understanding other perspectives and cultures. S8. Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information. * The Common Core English Language Arts uses the term student capacities rather than the term practices used in Common Core Mathematics and the Next Generation Science Standards.
41 Connections to the CCSS
42 What Can Teachers Do Right Now? continue to teach what you are currently teaching, but endeavor to modify how you teach it align instruction with the guidance provided in the Framework regarding implementation of the scientific and engineering practices. STEPHEN PRUITT, ACHIEVE SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND LEAD DEVELOPER OF THE NGSS
Summary We are all learning this together. Engineering design in science will be new for CA. Feel free to do more research by reading the Framework and the NGSS. Locate and examine NGSS science lessons on the Internet to see how the three dimensions work together with the Performance Expectations. Begin to integrate the Scientific and Engineering Practices into your science lessons. 43
44 Resources for Further Research and Learning The Next Generation Science Standards: http://www.nextgenscience.org A Framework for K-12 Science Education http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=13165 NGSS Videos from Paul Anderson (Bozeman Science)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o9SrSBGDNfU
45 Please complete evaluation before you leave! Go to ESC West Instructional Center CCSS page and click on yellow evaluation post-it. THANK YOU!!! ANDREA FERBER, Elementary Science Specialist ESC WEST Email: aaf0418@lausd.net
