Introduction to Coulomb's Law in Electrostatics
Electrostatics – Coulomb’s Law
Coulomb’s Law
•
Charles Coulomb discovered that the
repulsive force due to similar charges or the
attractive force of dissimilar charges was
inversely proportional to the square of the
distance between the two charged bodies.
Coulomb’s Law
•
Coulomb further discovered that the force
was proportional to the product of the charge
on each of the objects.
F
q
1
q
2
q
2
q
1
Sphere 1
Sphere 2
Coulomb’s Law
Where:
k = 8.99 x 10
9
N•m
2
/C
2
q
1
, q
2
= the charge of each sphere in Coulombs.
r = the distance between the two charged bodies.
Does this formula appear similar to anything else you
have seen before?
What does the electrostatic force
look like as distance varies?
Example #1
•
Two identically sized conductive spheres
carry charges of 1.5µC and -6.0µC,
respectively. They are separated by a
distance of 9.0 cm.
–
What is the electrostatic force between the
two spheres?
–
Is it attractive or repulsive?
Example #1(cont.)
Since the charges are opposite in charge, the two spheres will be
attracted to each other.
1.5µC
-6.0µC
Sphere 1
Sphere 2
Key Ideas
•
Like charges repel.
•
Opposite charges attract.
•
The electrostatic force is proportional to
the charge on the two objects and
inversely proportional to the square of
the distance between them.
Discover the principles of electrostatics through Coulomb's Law. Learn about the relationship between charges, forces, and distances in electrical interactions. Explore examples illustrating the attractive and repulsive forces between charged objects.
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Presentation Transcript
Coulombs Law Charles Coulomb discovered that the repulsive force due to similar charges or the attractive force of dissimilar charges was inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two charged bodies. _ _ _ _ _ + + F 1/r2 + _ + _ + + + + + _ _ _ _ _ + _ + r + _ _ + + _ _ + _ + + _ +
Coulombs Law Coulomb further discovered that the force was proportional to the product of the charge on each of the objects. q1 q2 _ _ _ _ _ + + + _ + _ + _ _ + + + + _ F q1q2 _ _ _ + + + _ _ + + _ _ _ + + _ + + Sphere 1 Sphere 2
Coulombs Law kq q Fe= 1 2 2 r Where: k = 8.99 x 109N m2/C2 q1, q2 = the charge of each sphere in Coulombs. r = the distance between the two charged bodies. Does this formula appear similar to anything else you have seen before?
What does the electrostatic force look like as distance varies? ??= ??1?2 + ?2 + Electrostatic Force 0 Distance of Separation As the distance between the two charged objects increases, the electrostatic force between them will decrease. Just like in gravity, ??and ? form an inverse-square relationship.
Example #1 Two identically sized conductive spheres carry charges of 1.5 C and -6.0 C, respectively. They are separated by a distance of 9.0 cm. What is the electrostatic force between the two spheres? Is it attractive or repulsive?
Example #1(cont.) ??= ??1?2 ?2 ?2)(1.5 10 6?)(6.0 10 6?) (0.090?)2 ??= (9.0 109??2 ??= 10.? -6.0 C 1.5 C ??(2 ?? 1) ??(1 ?? 2) Sphere 1 Sphere 2 Since the charges are opposite in charge, the two spheres will be attracted to each other.
Key Ideas Like charges repel. Opposite charges attract. The electrostatic force is proportional to the charge on the two objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
