
Insights on Food Waste Quantification in EU-28
Explore findings from a study analyzing food waste across EU-27. Detailed information on food waste generation, stages in the food supply chain, and potential prevention measures are covered. The study aims to summarize existing research and provide actionable options for reducing food waste.
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Quantification of Food-Waste across EU-28 Results of Model Calculations Fusions Regional Platform Meeting Budapest, June 3, 2015 Klaus-Rainer Br utigam Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis http://www.nachhaltigleben.ch/images/storie s/Essen_und_Trinken/Lebensmittelverschwe ndung_2_200.jpg Foto: dpa/DPA 1 KIT University of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg and National Research Center of the Helmholtz Association www.kit.edu
Background Study for the Science and Technology Options Assessment (STOA) Board of the European Parliament Title of the whole study: Technology options for feeding 10 billion people Title of the Study performed by ITAS Options for cutting food waste (Study finished and published in 2013) Authors: Carmen Priefer, Juliane J rissen, Klaus-Rainer Br utigam 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 2
Aim of the Study To summarise existing research on food waste generation in Europe To give insight into the reliability of the available data on the basis of own model calculation (amount of food waste for the different stages of the food-supply chain as well as for different food-types for all EU- 27 countries) To analyse political and regulatory framework conditions To compile and evaluate prevention measures, already existing or currently under discussion To elaborate options for action 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 3
Data on Food-Waste the BIOIS-Study All stages of the food chain except agriculture (manufacturing, wholesail/retail, food service and catering, households) All EU-27 countries No differentiation between food groups As far as possible on the basis of data from national studies 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 4
BIOIS-Study Manufacturing Sector National data for the manufacturing sector are only available for UK. For all other countries BIOIS used EUROSTAT data Examples: UK: 2,591 Mio WRAP study compared to 5,143 Mio EUROSTAT NL: 6,412 Mio EUROSTAT compared to 1,500 Mio due to new estimations Unexplainable high values also for Poland, Estonia, Hungary and Belgium BIOIS states: most discrepancies are likely due to a lack of standardization in definitions and allocation of data, rather than exceptional differences between Member States 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 5
BIOIS-Study Household Sector Country specific data for: Denmark, France, UK, Austria. Ireland, Netherlands, Estonia and Sweden EUROSTAT data for: Italy, Luxembourg, Poland, Belgium and Germany Minimum-scenario data for Greece, Romania, Portugal, Spain, Malta, Lithuania, Hungary, Cyprus, Slovenia, Latvia, Finland, Czech-Republic, Slovakia and Bulgaria 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 6
Model Description (using the example of cereals) Agriculture 20137 Distribution Consumption Feed (F) 14696 Milled (K) 7249 Production (A) 19734 + Food (J) 9294 Seed (G) 767 Import (B) 10446 + Domestic supply (E) 25969 Stock (C) 593 Processing (H) 857 Feed (L) 2045 Export (D) 4804 Other utilities incl. losses (I) 265 Based on the methodology of Gustavsson et al., 2013 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 7
Waste Percentages for different Food Groups at different Stages of the Food Supply Chain (Gustavsson et al., 2013) Postharvest handling & storage Agricultural production Processing & packaging Distribution Consumption Cereals 2% 4% 0.5% (m), 10% (p) 2% 25% Roots & Tubers 20% 9% 15% 7% (f), 3% (p) 17% (f), 12% (p) Oilseeds and Pulses 10% 1% 5% 1% 4% Fruit and Vegetable 20% 5% 2% 10% (f), 2% (p) 19% (f), 15% (p) Meat 3.2% 0.7% 5% 4% 11% Fish & Seafood 9.4% 0.5% 6% 9% (f), 5% (p) 11% (f),10% (p) Milk 3.5% 0.5% 1.2% 0.5% 7% Eggs 4% - 0.5% 2% 8% 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 8
Evaluation of Model Results Advantages Based on a regularly availabe data base (Food Balance sheets) Data for all EU-28 countries Differentiation between food groups Calculations are based on a correct mass flow balance Enables to identify hotspots (e.g. country, type of food, stage of the food chain), which are most reponsible for the arising of food waste 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 9
Evaluation of Model Results Disadvantages Waste rates for the different stages of the food chain were taken from the study of Gustavsson et al., 2013 and no differentiation between countries is made Reliability of data from FAO (data are based on reports from individual countries) 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 10
Per Capita Amount of Food Waste (excluding agriculture and postharvest handling & storage) 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 11
Food Waste Generation in the Household Sector Country-specific data Minimum scenario EUROSTAT-data 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 12
Share of Different Stages of the Food Chain on total Food Waste for 2011 235 kg per capita 185 kg per capita 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 13
Share of Different Stages of the Food Chain on total Food Waste for 2011 236 kg per capita 294 kg per capita 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 14
Share of Different Food Types on total Food Waste in Households for 2011 99 kg per capita 92 kg per capita Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 15 18.03.2025
Share of Different Food Types on total Food Waste in Households for 2011 113 kg per capita 105 kg per capita 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 16
Summary Up to now there is a lack of reliable data For total amount of food waste at the different stages of the food chain For the share of different food groups to total amount of food waste This fact makes it difficult to develop and implement measures to reduce food waste and to evaluate these measures Therefore methods used by the Member States for the collection and calculation of data on food waste generation should be standardised In addition separate collection of food waste generated at all stages of the food supply chain, whether voluntarily or mandatory, might help to improve the data basis 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 17
Summary Model calculations on the basis of the data of the FAO (FBS-sheets) can serve as a basis for comparison with data collected in other ways. Data from model calculations are available for all EU-28 countries, will be updated regularly and are available - in a consistent manner - for all stages of the food chain and for different food groups However, so far, waste rates applied within the model calculations, do not differentiate between countries. In order to overcome this obstacle work has to be done to develop country specific waste rates for the different stages of the food chain and for different food-types. 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 18
Further Information Technology options for feeding 10 billion people Options for Cutting Food Waste http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/etudes/join/2013/513515 /IPOL-JOIN_ET%282013%29513515_EN.pdf The extent of food waste generation across EU-27: Different calculation methods and the reliability of their results http://wmr.sagepub.com/content/32/8/683.full.pdf Food Waste Generation at Household Level: Results of a Survey among Employees of Two European Research Centers in Italy and Germany http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/7/3/2695 18.03.2025 Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 19
BNN: 16.5.2015 Contact: Braeutigam@kit.edu Dipl.-Phys. Klaus-Rainer Br utigam - ITAS 18.03.2025