India's Partnership with Africa: A Path of Development and Collaboration
India's partnership with Africa has deep historical roots dating back to the early 20th century. Through initiatives like the India-Africa Forum Summits, capacity-building programs, and institutional engagements, both regions have fostered a consultative and responsive model of cooperation. This collaborative approach spans various sectors such as economic development, institutional cooperation, and skill-building, highlighting a commitment to mutual growth and understanding.
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File:Emblem of India.svg Development Partnership Administration Ministry of External Affairs India & Africa Partners in Development Capacity Building Programmes & Lines of Credit
Indias Partnership with Africa India s partnership with Africa goes back to the early 20th century when we were fighting colonialism and apartheid. In the modern era, we have evolved a model of cooperation, which is consultative, responsive and based on our respective development experiences and perspectives. India s involvement in capacity building in Africa dates from the 1960 s through our ITEC programme and other facilities for experience sharing. Over the past 10 years in particular, there has been a significant intensification of our engagement in economic development, institutional cooperation and capacity building.
India-Africa Forum Summits The India-Africa Forum Summits have imparted a new vigour to our partnership with African countries. Two Summits have been held so far: in April 2008 in New Delhi and in May 2011 in Addis Ababa These Summits have laid the foundation of a new architecture for a structured interaction and cooperation between India and our African partners in the 21st century The IAFS process promotes a unique engagement at three levels the continental, the regional and the bilateral
Institutional engagement In implementation of the IAFS decision, conferences and workshops organized include: Crafts Skill Development Workshop for Women Special Session on Global Commons & Challenges Science & Technology Ministers Conference Training programme for Secretary Generals of African Chambers of Commerce India-Africa Trade Ministers Conference First Meeting of India Africa Business Council Annual CII EXIMBankConclaves
Capacity building Under the ITEC [Indian Technical & Economic Cooperation] programme, short- and medium- term courses are offered in various Indian institutions, covering subjects like Accounts, Audit, Banking, Finance & Management, IT, Telecommunication, SME/Rural Development, Environment and Renewable Energy Specialized Courses are also offered in in Parliamentary Procedures, Management, Mass Communication, Remote Sensing, etc Election
Capacity building contd. Indian experts are deputed to African countries (as per request) to advise host governments or their institutions in specific economic or developmental areas Indian Army Training Teams deputed to a number of African countries on specific requests. Training slots offered to African countries in premier Indian defence institutions, including in NDC and DSSC. During 2012-13, 244 army, 115 naval and 76 air force training slots offered to Africa.
Utilisation of ITEC Programmes In Africa Year Seats allocated Seats utilised 2008-09 1719 1316 2009-10 1704 1492 2010-11 1857 1743 2011-12 3207 2293 2012-13 3334 2800 (till 13/03/13)
Multilateral ITEC training courses In Africa 2012-13 2011-12 2010-11 2009-10 2008-09 2007-08 70 70 55 30 30 13 AARDO African Union 55 13 55 13 50 10 Pan African Parliament UNECA (UN Eco. Com. For Africa), Addis Ababa East African Community Total 10 20 5 5 5 3 30 30 15 15 15 10 15 155 25 175 10 98 10 98 10 98 10 83
Scholarships & Fellowships ICCR Scholarships at Indian Universities Year Seats allocated Seats utilised 2009-10 532 238 2010-11 532 207 2011-12 532 207 2012-13 900 (scholarship includes airfares) Admission process is underway Special agricultural scholarships (75 per year): 71 and 85 utilised in 2010-11 and 2011-12. 102 applications under process for 2012-13. C.V. Raman Scientific Fellowships (104 per year): 85 and 79 utilised in 2010-11 and 2011-12. Special training courses (500 per year): 449 and 929 utilised in 2010- 11 and 2011-12.
Capacity building institutions As per decisions taken at the India-Africa Forum Summits, India has committed to establishing about 100 capacity- building institutions to build and strengthen capacities at the pan-African, regional and bilateral levels. An indicative list of the institutions is below: India-Africa Institute of Information Technology India-Africa Institute of Foreign Trade India-Africa Institute of Education Planning and Administration India-Africa Diamond Institute India-Africa Civil Aviation Academy India-Africa Institute of Agriculture and Rural Development India-Africa University for Life and Earth Sciences
Capacity building institutions contd .. We have also launched an initiative of establishing and strengthening infrastructure and facilities for pan-African development of some key industry sectors. Examples are: common India-Africa Food Processing Cluster India-Africa Textile Cluster
India-Africa Trade Promotion 21 out of 34 African LDCs have acceded to the India-Africa Duty Free Tariff Preference (DFTP) Scheme. India-Africa trade has seen significant growth over the last 8 years : In US Dollars billion Year Exports Imports Total 2005-06 7.00 4.80 11.80 2006-07 10.26 17.72 27.98 2007-08 14.19 20.47 34.66 2008-09 14.82 24.73 39.55 2009-10 13.43 25.61 39.04 2010-11 20.85 31.95 52.80 2011-12 24.67 43.06 67.73 Apr-Dec 2012 21.13 31.59 52.72
Lines of Credit Lines of Credit [LoCs] have been an increasingly significant part of India-Africa development cooperation since 2003-04. They are concessional loans intended to set up infrastructure projects and to share Indian experience in developmental initiatives . LoCs have financed a wide range of projects in agriculture, irrigation, food processing, rural electrification, IT and infrastructure [roads, railways, cement, power, etc]. The objective is to create durable assets and build sustainable institutions. At IAFS-I & II, we have committed to a quantum jump in the targets of LoCs in the coming years.
Year-wise approvals and disbursements of LoCs [as on February 28, 2013] In US Dollar millions Africa Asia Grand Total Year 2002-03 Approval Disbursed Approval Disbursed Approval Disbursed 10.00 - 200.00 - 210.00 0.00 2003-04 100.00 - 115.36 - 215.36 0.00 2004-05 99.87 150.00 284.87 49.90 2.80 57.94 2005-06 1,037.6 120.00 1,238.00 97.52 158.42 284.71 2006-07 141.50 292.34 443.44 234.72 118.90 371.07 2007-08 524.50 166.77 712.26 338.50 38.11 395.05 2008-09 470.10 120.00 650.00 288.00 69.72 399.04 2009-10 486.50 1,403.79 1,900.05 352.66 35.70 404.91 2010-11 1,055.07 759.92 1,814.99 398.95 213.12 620.25 2011-12 1,206.28 1,330.28 100.00 436.76 270.06 720.28 2012-13 Total 422.38 5,553.80 355.96 3,784.14 801.05 9,600.30 373.92 2,570.94 350.05 1,256.89 761.34 4,014.60
Project selection Development priorities of the partner country Assessment of India s strengths Bilateral consultations, through the diplomatic missions in the respective countries to identify sectors and projects Thorough assessment of project feasibility If procurement for a project, a credible timetable to ensure the supplies integrate with the project of which the procurement is a part
Procedural Requirements A project report, with detailed project description, technical feasibility, environmental impact assessment, schedule of implementation, breakdown of cost estimates etc. financial appraisal, LoC terms - interest rates, moratorium period and tenor - depend on World Bank classification of the country Relaxation in terms are made on a case-by-case basis, depending on requirements. The project is to be implemented by Indian entities
Procedural Requirements contd... Goods and services for minimum 75% value of the LoC contracts are to be sourced from India (with a provision for some relaxation, particularly where extensive civil works are involved) For complex projects, Project Management Consultant is essential to assist in preparation of DPR, floating tenders, selecting contractors and monitoring project implementation. PMC contract can be covered in the LoC with GoI s concurrence African governments would follow their rules and procedures for selection of contractors and award of contracts, but they are expected to be transparent and fair, using open competitive bidding
Steps in identification & implementation of LoC projects A comprehensive project report sent to GoI through Indian Embassy/High Commission. GoI conveys approval for LoC after appraising the project. EXIM Bank sends a draft LoC agreement to be signed by the African Government or its authorized agency/department. PMC (for complex projects) selected first and then contractor both by open, competitive bidding. Participation limited to Indian companies;
Steps in identification & implementation of LoC projects Contract sent to EXIM Bank, which approves after verifying fulfillment of all procedures Implementing agency s bank opens Letter of Credit (L/C) in favour of the contractor. EXIM Bank pays contractor directly on completion of each project milestone [as certified by the host country] and debits the amount to the LoC account of the host Government. Host Government certifies completion of the project to Indian Embassy/High Commission
Further fine-tuning Better information dissemination on capacity building programmes Dialogue on IAFS institutions so that they meet host country expectations Professionally prepared techno-economic feasibility studies: India can offer assistance for this Transparent selection procedures for consultants and contractors
Further fine-tuning Contracts should enforce strict quality standards and penalties for delays Synchronization in projects with multiple sources of funding and supplies Robust mechanisms for monitoring project implementation Issues relating to LoC terms and conditions
