Importance of Hand Hygiene in Nursing Practice: A Comprehensive Overview

 
Fundamentals of Nursing(1
st
 Stage)
Hand Hygiene
(Practice)
Lecture 1
Thousands of people die everyday around the world from infections
acquired while receiving health care. Hands are the main pathways of
germ transmission during health care.
The most important and most basic technique in preventing and
controlling transmission of infection is 
hand hygiene
.
* Hand hygiene is a general term that applies to either:
1-Hand washing: refers to washing hands with plain soap and water.
2-Antiseptic hand wash: is defined as washing hands
with water and soap or other detergents
containing an antiseptic agent.
3-Antiseptic hand rub: means to apply an antiseptic hand rub
product to all surfaces of the hands to reduce the number of
microorganisms present.
4-Surgical hand antisepsis: is an antiseptic hand wash or Antiseptic hand
rub performed preoperatively by surgical personnel to eliminate
transient and reduce resident hand flora
* 
When hands are visibly dirty or contaminated with
proteinaceous 
material or visibly soiled with blood or
other body fluids, hands should be washed with either a
non-antimicrobial soap and water or    an antimicrobial
soap and water.
 
       
* If hands are not visibly soiled, an alcohol- based
 hand rub should be used for routinely decontaminating
hands in the
 
following situation
:
1-Before having direct contact with clients
2-Before putting on sterile gloves and before inserting
indwelling urinary catheters, peripheral vascular
catheters, or other invasive devices
3-After contact with a client's intact skin (for example,
when taking a pulse or blood pressure)
4-After contact with body fluids or excretions, mucous membranes, non-
intact skin , and wound dressing if hands are not visibly soiled.
5-When moving from a contaminated body site to a clean body site
during care.
6- After contact with inanimate objects (including medical equipment) in
the immediate vicinity of the clients
7- After removing gloves
* Hands may also be washed with an antimicrobial soap and water in
these situations
E
Q
U
I
P
M
E
N
T
S
1.
Alcohol- based waterless antiseptic containing emollients
2.
Easy –to- reach sink with warm running water
3.
Antimicrobial or regular soap
4.
Paper towels or air dryer
5.
 Clean orange wood stick
Procedure
1- Assessment
1.
Inspected the surface of the hands for dermatitis or breaks or cuts in the skin
or cuticles.
2.
Inspected the hands for visible soiling.
3.
Inspected the condition of the nails. Ensured that fingernails were short, filed,
and smooth.
12
Procedure
4. Removed artificial nails, if worn.
5. Covered any skin lesions before providing patient care.
6. Pushed long uniform sleeves above the wrists. If jewelry was worn on the hands
or arms, removed it during hand hygiene.
13
Procedure
2- Nursing Diagnosis
1)
Risk for infection
2)
 Risk for impaired skin integrity
3- Planning
Keep hand clean and free from visible dirty.
14
Procedure
4- Implementation
1) Stood in front of a sink, keeping the hands and uniform away from the sink
surface.
2) Turned on the water. Turned on the faucet, pressed the knee or foot pedal, if
available.
3) Avoided splashing water on the uniform.
4) Regulated the temperature to ensure that the water was warm.
15
Procedure
5) Wet the hands and wrists thoroughly under the running water. Kept the hands
and forearms
6) lower than the elbows during washing.
7) Applied the recommended amount of soap or antiseptic to the hands.. Lathered
hands thoroughly.
16
Procedure
8) Applied friction and performed hand washing for at least 15 seconds as
following:
a)Rub hands palm to palm.
b)Right palm over left dorsum with interlaced fingers and vice versa.
c) Palm to palm with fingers interlaced.
d)Backs of fingers to opposing palms with fingers interlocked.
17
Procedure
e)Rotational rubbing of left thumb clasped in right palm and vice versa.
f)Rotational rubbing backwards and forwards with clasped fingers of right hand in left
palm and vice versa.
9)Rinsed the hands and wrists thoroughly ,keeping the hands down and the elbows up.
10)Dried the hands thoroughly from the fingers to the wrists with a paper towel, single-
use cloth, or warm air dryer.
11)To turn off the faucet, used a clean, dry paper towel. Turned off the water with the
foot or knee pedals, if applicable.
12)
 
Discarded the paper towel.
 
18
Procedure
19
Procedure
20
 
5- Evaluation
Evaluate if hand enough clean or need for more hygiene
T
h
a
n
k
s
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In this lecture from the Fundamentals of Nursing Department at the University of Basrah College of Nursing, the critical role of hand hygiene in preventing infections in healthcare settings is emphasized. Various techniques such as hand washing, antiseptic hand wash, antiseptic hand rub, and surgical hand antisepsis are discussed. Guidelines for when to perform hand hygiene, including before direct client contact and before invasive procedures, are highlighted to promote patient safety and reduce the spread of infections.


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  1. Fundamentals of Nursing(1st Stage) Hand Hygiene (Practice) Lecture 1 University of Basrah College of Nursing Fundamentals of Nursing Department

  2. Introduction Thousands of people die everyday around the world from infections acquired while receiving health care. Hands are the main pathways of germ transmission during health care.

  3. Definition The most important and most basic technique in preventing and controlling transmission of infection is hand hygiene. * Hand hygiene is a general term that applies to either: 1-Hand washing: refers to washing hands with plain soap and water.

  4. 2-Antiseptic hand wash: is defined as washing hands with water and soap or other detergents containing an antiseptic agent.

  5. 3-Antiseptic hand rub: means to apply an antiseptic hand rub product to all surfaces of the hands to reduce the number of microorganisms present.

  6. 4-Surgical hand antisepsis: is an antiseptic hand wash or Antiseptic hand rub performed preoperatively by surgical personnel to eliminate transient and reduce resident hand flora

  7. * When hands are visibly dirty or contaminated with proteinaceous material or visibly soiled with blood or other body fluids, hands should be washed with either a non-antimicrobial soap and water or an antimicrobial soap and water. * If hands are not visibly soiled, an alcohol- based hand rub should be used for routinely decontaminating hands in the following situation:

  8. 1-Before having direct contact with clients 2-Before putting on sterile gloves and before inserting indwelling urinary catheters, peripheral vascular catheters, or other invasive devices 3-After contact with a client's intact skin (for example, when taking a pulse or blood pressure)

  9. 4-After contact with body fluids or excretions, mucous membranes, non- intact skin , and wound dressing if hands are not visibly soiled. 5-When moving from a contaminated body site to a clean body site during care.

  10. 6- After contact with inanimate objects (including medical equipment) in the immediate vicinity of the clients 7- After removing gloves * Hands may also be washed with an antimicrobial soap and water in these situations

  11. EQUIPMENTS 1. Alcohol- based waterless antiseptic containing emollients 2. Easy to- reach sink with warm running water 3. Antimicrobial or regular soap 4. Paper towels or air dryer 5. Clean orange wood stick

  12. Procedure 1- Assessment 1. Inspected the surface of the hands for dermatitis or breaks or cuts in the skin or cuticles. 2. Inspected the hands for visible soiling. 3. Inspected the condition of the nails. Ensured that fingernails were short, filed, and smooth. 12

  13. Procedure 4. Removed artificial nails, if worn. 5. Covered any skin lesions before providing patient care. 6. Pushed long uniform sleeves above the wrists. If jewelry was worn on the hands or arms, removed it during hand hygiene. 13

  14. Procedure 2- Nursing Diagnosis 1) Risk for infection 2) Risk for impaired skin integrity 3- Planning Keep hand clean and free from visible dirty. 14

  15. Procedure 4- Implementation 1) Stood in front of a sink, keeping the hands and uniform away from the sink surface. 2) Turned on the water. Turned on the faucet, pressed the knee or foot pedal, if available. 3) Avoided splashing water on the uniform. 4) Regulated the temperature to ensure that the water was warm. 15

  16. Procedure 5) Wet the hands and wrists thoroughly under the running water. Kept the hands and forearms 6) lower than the elbows during washing. 7) Applied the recommended amount of soap or antiseptic to the hands.. Lathered hands thoroughly. 16

  17. Procedure 8) Applied friction and performed hand washing for at least 15 seconds as following: a)Rub hands palm to palm. b)Right palm over left dorsum with interlaced fingers and vice versa. c) Palm to palm with fingers interlaced. d)Backs of fingers to opposing palms with fingers interlocked. 17

  18. Procedure e)Rotational rubbing of left thumb clasped in right palm and vice versa. f)Rotational rubbing backwards and forwards with clasped fingers of right hand in left palm and vice versa. 9)Rinsed the hands and wrists thoroughly ,keeping the hands down and the elbows up. 10)Dried the hands thoroughly from the fingers to the wrists with a paper towel, single- use cloth, or warm air dryer. 11)To turn off the faucet, used a clean, dry paper towel. Turned off the water with the foot or knee pedals, if applicable. 12) Discarded the paper towel. 18

  19. Procedure 19

  20. Procedure 5- Evaluation Evaluate if hand enough clean or need for more hygiene 20

  21. Thanks

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