How to Check Preparedness: Exercise Design and Benefits
เราพร้อมรับภาวะฉุกเฉินจริงหรือไม่?
•
แผนของเราสมบูรณ์ดีแล้ว หรือมีช่องโหว่ตรงจุดใด?
•
บุคลากรของเราเข้าใจและปฏิบัติได้ตามแผนที่เขียนไว้หรือไม่?
•
ระบบตอบโต้เหตุฉุกเฉินที่วางไว้สามารถทำงานได้จริงหรือไม่ถ้า
เกิดเหตุขึ้น?
•
ผู้รับผิดชอบในระบบเข้าใจวิธีการใช้ระบบในการตอบโต้เหตุ
หรือไม่?
•
เรายังหลงลืมหรือคิดไม่ครอบคลุมในสถานการณ์ฉุกเฉินตรงจุด
ใดบ้าง?
•
เราจะปรับปรุงพัฒนาแผนและระบบของเราให้ดีขึ้นได้อย่างไร?
What is Exercise?
What is Exercise?
•
Exercise
: is a focused
practice activity
that place participants in a
simulated
situation
requiring them to function in
the capacity that would be expected of
them in a real event
•
Purpose
: to promote preparedness by
testing policies and plans and training
personnel
Why Exercise?
•
Many of real events proof that exercise is
the
most useful
key success factor
.
•
Research has shown that people
generally
respond
to an emergency in
the way that they have
trained
.
Main
benefits
of an exercise program
•
Individual training
: exercise enables
people to practice their roles and gain
experience in those roles
•
System improvement
: Exercise
improve the organization’s system for
managing emergencies
Reason
to exercise
•
Test and evaluate
plans, policies,
and procedures
•
Reveal planning
weaknesses
•
Reveal
gaps in
resources
•
Improve
organizational
coordination and communication
•
Clarify
role and responsibilities
Reason to exercise
•
Train personnel
in roles and
responsibilities
•
Improve
individual
performance
•
Gain
program
recognition
and
support
of officials
•
Satisfy
regulatory
requirements
Focus
of an exercise
•
Locating and eliminating problems
before
an actual emergency occurs
•
Corrective actions
are an
important part of exercise design,
evaluation, and follow up
การซ้อม..ภาคบังคับ หรือ สมัครใจ
•
กฎหมายและระเบียบต่างๆ กำหนดให้มีการซ้อม เป็นเรื่องที่
หลีกเลี่ยงไม่ได้ จึงต้องทำ เช่น
HA, JCI,
กฎหมายควบคุม
อาคาร, ฯลฯ
•
ถ้าเราทำสม่ำเสมอ มีการวางแผนและเตรียมการเผชิญเหตุ
ฉุกเฉิน อย่างต่อเนื่อง การซ้อมจะช่วยให้เราประเมินตนเองได้
ง่ายว่าเราพร้อมจริงหรือไม่? ไม่มีใครมาบังคับ เราก็อยากจะ
ซ้อมเอง...
Functions
•
In planning exercise, the
emphasis is
on functions
rather than on type of
emergency, because preparedness in
those functions is common to all
emergencies.
•
Functions
are actions or operations
required in emergency response or
recovery
Functions in Emergency Management
Exercise Reporting System
•
Alert notification (Emergency Response)
•
Warning (Public)
•
Communications
•
Coordination and control
•
Emergency Public Information
•
Damage Assessment
•
Health and Medical
Functions in Emergency Management
Exercise Reporting System
•
Individual/Family Assistance
•
Public safety
•
Public work/Engineering
•
Transportation
•
Resource Management
•
Continuity of government
Comprehensive
Exercise Program
•
Made up of
progressively complex
exercise, each one building on
the previous one, until the
exercise are close to reality as
possible
Progressive exercise:
Characteristics
•
The exercise program involves the efforts
and participation of
various entities
•
Carefully planned to
achieve
identified goals
•
Made up of a
series of increasingly
complex exercises
•
Each successive exercise builds upon the
previous one until mastery is achieved
Progressive Exercising
•
Broad commitment
•
Careful planning
•
Increasing complexity
•
Success breeds Success
•
Who participates?
8
8
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p
p
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f
f
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x
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d
d
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s
i
i
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g
n
n
p
p
r
r
o
o
c
c
e
e
s
s
s
s
•
Assess needs
•
Define the scope
•
Write a purpose
statement
•
Define objectives
•
Compose of
narrative
•
Write major &
detailed events
•
List expected
actions
•
Prepare
messages
What activities are included?
•
Orientation seminar
•
Drill
•
Tabletop exercise
•
Functional exercise
•
Full-scale exercise
Orientation seminar:
Purpose
•
the
orientation seminar
is an
overview
or
introduction
. Its purpose is to
familiarize
participants with roles, plans, procedures, or
equipment.
•
It can also be used to
resolve questions
of coordination and assignment of
responsibilities.
Orientation seminar:
Characteristics
•
Format
: lecture, group discussion,
presentation, panel discussion, guest
lecture
•
Participants
: cross-functional to
discuss the problems
•
Facilities
: conference room
•
Time
: 1-2 hours
•
Preparation
: easy, 1-2 weeks
Orientation seminar:
Application
The orientation seminar can be used for a wide variety
of purposes, including:
•
Discussing
a topic or problem in a group
setting.
•
Introducing
something new (e.g., policies and
plans).
•
Explaining
existing plans to new people
Orientation seminar:
Application
•
Introducing a cycle of exercises or
preparing participants for success in
more complex exercises.
•
Motivating people for participation
in subsequent exercises.
Orientation Seminar
Guidelines
•
Be
Creative
•
Get
Organized
and
Plan
ahead
•
Be
Ready
to
Facilitate
successful orientation seminar
Tabletop Exercise
•
A
tabletop exercise
is a
facilitated
analysis
of an emergency situation
in an
informal, stress-free
environment
.
•
The tabletop is largely a
Discussion
guided by
a
facilitator
Tabletop Exercise
•
Purpose: to
solve problems as a
group
.
•
The
success
of a tabletop exercise is
determined by
feedback
from
participants and the
impact
this
feedback has on the evaluation and
revision of policies, plans, and
procedures.
Advantage
•
Requires only a
modest commitment
in terms of time, cost, and resources.
•
Is an effective method for
reviewing
plans, procedures, and policies.
•
Is a good way to
acquaint
key
personnel with emergency
responsibilities, procedures, and one
another.
Disadvantage
•
Lacks realism
and thus does not
provide a true test of an emergency
management system’s capabilities.
•
Provides only a
superficial exercise
of plans, procedures, and staff
capabilities.
•
Does not provide a practical way to
demonstrate system overload.
How a Tabletop works
•
a tabletop exercise is like a
problem-
solving or brainstorming session
.
•
Unlike a functional exercise, problems
are tackled one at a time and talked
through
without stress
.
How a Tabletop works
•
Problem Statements and
Messages:
การนำเสนอปัญหา, สถานการณ์
สมมุติ
•
Facilities and Materials:
Facilities and Materials:
การ
การ
จัดสิ่งอำนวยความสะดวกและอุปกรณ์สนับสนุน
จัดสิ่งอำนวยความสะดวกและอุปกรณ์สนับสนุน
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p
p
E
E
x
x
e
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i
s
s
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e
•
Facilitator’s responsibilities
•
Setting the stage
•
Involving everyone
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l
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t
o
o
p
p
E
E
x
x
e
e
r
r
c
c
i
i
s
s
e
e
•
Facilitating in-dept problem
solving
•
Controlling the pace and flow of
the exercise & distributing
messages
Facilitator’s Characters
•
Good personality & Health
•
Good Listener: focused point
•
Best Communication
•
Conflict management
•
Group Dynamics
•
Conductor
•
Friendly , Open mind
Roles of Participants in
Tabletop Exercise
•
Get the problem statement, analyze it
•
Open discussion, Group dynamics
•
Think to all options, it is possible?,
don’t hurry
•
Depend on your emergency plan,
policies, and procedures
•
If you find any new problem or
weakness of the plan. Try to solve its.
Give any suggestions
Goal and Objective
of the Exercise
•
Know & familiar with EOP
•
Role & responsibility in EOP
•
Individual training specific skill
•
Cooperation & Coordination
•
Test Emergency response system
This content discusses the importance of exercise in testing preparedness, highlighting its purpose, benefits, and focus. It emphasizes the need to evaluate plans, reveal weaknesses, and train personnel to improve organizational readiness. Through simulated scenarios, exercises help identify and address potential problems before real emergencies occur, leading to improved coordination and communication within organizations.
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Presentation Transcript
Exercise Design: How to check our preparedness. . . . .
?? ? ? ? ? ? ?
What is Exercise? Exercise: is a focused practice activity that place participants in a simulated situation requiring them to function in the capacity that would be expected of them in a real event Purpose: to promote preparedness by testing policies and plans and training personnel
Why Exercise? Many of real events proof that exercise is the most useful key success factor. Research has shown that people generally respond to an emergency in the way that they have trained.
Main benefits of an exercise program Individual training: exercise enables people to practice their roles and gain experience in those roles System improvement: Exercise improve the organization s system for managing emergencies
Reason to exercise Test and evaluate plans, policies, and procedures Reveal planning weaknesses Reveal gaps in resources Improve organizational coordination and communication Clarify role and responsibilities
Reason to exercise Train personnel in roles and responsibilities Improve individual performance Gain program recognition and support of officials Satisfy regulatory requirements
Focus of an exercise Locating and eliminating problems before an actual emergency occurs Corrective actions are an important part of exercise design, evaluation, and follow up
.. HA, JCI, , ? ...
Functions In planning exercise, the emphasis is on functions rather than on type of emergency, because preparedness in those functions is common to all emergencies. Functions are actions or operations required in emergency response or recovery
Functions in Emergency Management Exercise Reporting System Alert notification (Emergency Response) Warning (Public) Communications Coordination and control Emergency Public Information Damage Assessment Health and Medical
Functions in Emergency Management Exercise Reporting System Individual/Family Assistance Public safety Public work/Engineering Transportation Resource Management Continuity of government
Comprehensive Exercise Program Made up of progressively complex exercise, each one building on the previous one, until the exercise are close to reality as possible
Progressive exercise: Characteristics The exercise program involves the efforts and participation of various entities Carefully planned to achieve identified goals Made up of a series of increasingly complex exercises Each successive exercise builds upon the previous one until mastery is achieved
Progressive Exercising Broad commitment Careful planning Increasing complexity Success breeds Success Who participates?
8 8 Step of Step of Exercise design process Exercise design process Assess needs Define the scope Write a purpose statement Define objectives Compose of narrative Write major & detailed events List expected actions Prepare messages
What activities are included? Orientation seminar Drill Tabletop exercise Functional exercise Full-scale exercise
Orientation seminar: Purpose the orientation seminar is anoverview or introduction. Its purpose is to familiarize participants with roles, plans, procedures, or equipment. It can also be used to resolve questions of coordination and assignment of responsibilities.
Orientation seminar: Characteristics Format: lecture, group discussion, presentation, panel discussion, guest lecture Participants: cross-functional to discuss the problems Facilities: conference room Time: 1-2 hours Preparation: easy, 1-2 weeks
Orientation seminar: Application The orientation seminar can be used for a wide variety of purposes, including: Discussinga topic or problem in a group setting. Introducingsomething new (e.g., policies and plans). Explainingexisting plans to new people
Orientation seminar: Application Introducing a cycle of exercises or preparing participants for success in more complex exercises. Motivating people for participation in subsequent exercises.
Orientation Seminar Guidelines Be Creative Get Organized and Plan ahead Be Ready to Facilitate successful orientation seminar
Tabletop Exercise A tabletop exercise is a facilitated analysis of an emergency situation in an informal, stress-free environment. The tabletop is largely a Discussion guided by a facilitator
Tabletop Exercise Purpose: to solve problems as a group. The success of a tabletop exercise is determined by feedback from participants and the impact this feedback has on the evaluation and revision of policies, plans, and procedures.
Advantage Requires only a modest commitment in terms of time, cost, and resources. Is an effective method for reviewing plans, procedures, and policies. Is a good way to acquaint key personnel with emergency responsibilities, procedures, and one another.
Disadvantage Lacks realism and thus does not provide a true test of an emergency management system s capabilities. Provides only a superficial exercise of plans, procedures, and staff capabilities. Does not provide a practical way to demonstrate system overload.
How a Tabletop works a tabletop exercise is like a problem- solving or brainstorming session. Unlike a functional exercise, problems are tackled one at a time and talked through without stress.
How a Tabletop works Problem Statements and Messages: , Facilities and Materials:
Facilitating a Tabletop Exercise Facilitating a Tabletop Exercise Facilitator s responsibilities Setting the stage Involving everyone
Facilitating a Tabletop Exercise Facilitating a Tabletop Exercise Facilitating in-dept problem solving Controlling the pace and flow of the exercise & distributing messages
Facilitators Characters Good personality & Health Good Listener: focused point Best Communication Conflict management Group Dynamics Conductor Friendly , Open mind
Roles of Participants in Tabletop Exercise Get the problem statement, analyze it Open discussion, Group dynamics Think to all options, it is possible?, don t hurry Depend on your emergency plan, policies, and procedures If you find any new problem or weakness of the plan. Try to solve its. Give any suggestions
Goal and Objective of the Exercise Know & familiar with EOP Role & responsibility in EOP Individual training specific skill Cooperation & Coordination Test Emergency response system
