Horse Breed Characteristics Overview
Andalusian
•
Elegant and strongly built
•
Have warts under the tail
•
Long and broad necks
•
Have calcium-like deposits at the
temple to small horn-like
protuberances near or behind the ear
Appaloosa
•
Distinctive, preferred leopard complex spotted
coat
•
Mottled skin
•
Striped hooves
•
Eyes with a white sclera
•
Tall, narrow-bodied, rangy horse
Arabian
•
Refined, wedge-shaped heads, a broad
forehead, large eyes, large nostrils, and small
muzzles
•
Relatively long, level top of the hindquarters
•
Naturally high tail carriage
•
Compact body with a short neck
Belgian
•
Small head
•
Thick and muscular neck
•
Powerful shoulders and quarters
•
Short legs with small amount of feathering
•
Chestnut or red roan in color
Buckskin
•
Tan or gold colored coat with black points
(mane, tail, and lower legs)
•
Primitive markings (shoulder blade stripes,
dorsal stripe, zebra stripes on legs, webbing)
Clydesdale
•
Broad forehead and wide muzzle
•
Well-muscled and strong, with an arched
neck, high withers and a sloped shoulder
•
Extensive white feathering on the feet
Dutch Draft
•
16 hands at withers
•
Head is well-formed, with a straight profile and
pronounced jaw
•
The neck is powerful
•
The
withers
broad and low
•
The chest deep and the shoulder long and sloping
•
The legs are strong and muscular, with broad
joints
Dutch Warmblood
•
Long legged
•
Smooth topline and dry, expressive head
•
Rectangular frame
Fresian
•
Black
•
15-17 hands
•
Powerfully muscled
•
Agile with elegant action
•
Thick mane and tail
•
Feather on lower legs
Hackney
•
Well-shaped head, sometimes with a slightly convex nose
•
The neck is crested and muscular with a clean cut throat
and jaw
•
The chest is broad and well-defined
•
The shoulder is powerful, long and gently sloping
•
The Hackneys have an average length of back, muscular,
level croups, and powerful hindquarters
•
The tail is set high and carried high naturally
•
The legs are strong with broad, clean joints, long forearms
and gaskins, with strong hocks, and pasterns medium in
length, and are attached to round, fairly upright hooves
Hanoverian
•
Elegant, strong, and robust
•
Strong back, powerful body, athletic
movement, and strong limbs
•
The horses can be 15.3-17.2 hands high, but
most are in the range of 16-16.2 hands.
Lipizzan
•
Compact, muscular
•
Long head, with a straight or slightly convex profile
•
The jaw is deep
•
The ears small
•
The eyes large and expressive and the nostrils flared
•
They have a neck that is sturdy
•
Wide, deep chest, broad croup and muscular shoulder.
•
The tail is carried high and well set
•
The legs are well-muscled and strong, with broad
joints and well-defined tendons
Miniature
•
Small size
•
34–38 inches as measured at the last hairs of
the mane
Mustang
•
Small, compact
•
Good bone
•
Very hardy
Paint
•
Broad pinto spotting patterns of white and dark
hair
•
Predominant hair coat color with at least one
contrasting area of solid white hair of the
required size with some underlying unpigmented
skin present on the horse at the time of its birth
•
Or, in the case of a predominantly white hair
coat, at least one contrasting area of the required
size of colored hair with some underlying
pigmented skin present on the horse
Palomino
•
Yellow or gold coat, with a white or light
cream mane and tail
•
Shades of the body coat color range from
cream to a dark gold
•
Dark skin and brown eyes
•
Summer coat of a palomino is usually a
slightly darker shade than the winter coat
Paso Fino
•
The Paso Fino has several different body types
from quite small and refined to very large and
powerful
•
The action of the two strains is somewhat
different
•
Paso Finos come in a variety of colors, sizes
and body types
Percheron
•
Agile draft horse breed
•
Mostly gray or black
•
Clean-limbed and powerful
•
Many horses have white markings on their heads
and legs
•
The head has a straight profile, with a broad
forehead, large eyes and small ears
•
The chest is deep and wide and the croup long
and level
•
The feet and legs are clean and well muscled
]
Quarter Horse
•
Short
•
Refined head
•
Strong, well-muscled body
•
Featuring a broad chest
•
Powerful, rounded hindquarters
•
Small, short, refined head with a straight profile
•
There are two main body types: the stock type and the
hunter or racing type. The stock horse type is shorter,
more compact, stocky and well muscled, yet agile. The
racing and hunter type Quarter Horses are somewhat
taller and smoother muscled than the stock type
Shetland Pony
•
Small size
•
Sturdy build
•
Thick coat
•
Compact and strong
•
American subtype more refined with longer legs and finer coat
•
Small head, sometimes with a dished face
•
Widely-spaced eyes
•
Small and alert ears
•
Short, muscular neck
•
Short, strong legs
•
Shorter than normal cannon bone in relation to their size
•
A short broad back and deep girth are universal characteristics as is a
springy stride
•
Long thick manes and tails and a dense double winter coat to
withstand harsh weather
Shire
•
Tall draught horse
•
Average height 17 hands high
•
Legs often have white stockings with long hairs known as "feather”
•
Black, bay, or gray
•
Long and lean
•
Large eyes
•
Slightly arched neck that long in proportion to the body.
•
The shoulder is deep and wide
•
The chest wide
•
The back muscular and short and the hindquarters long and wide
•
Hair is fine, straight and silky.
[
Tennessee Walking Horse
•
Tall, long neck
•
Calm disposition
•
Long, straight head
•
Sloping shoulder
•
The head is large but refined in bone, with
small well-placed ears
•
The horse has a fairly short back
•
Long, unbraided manes and tails
Thoroughbred
•
Tall
•
Slim
•
Athletic
•
The face and lower legs may be marked with white but
white will generally not appear on the body
•
Well-chiseled head on a long neck
•
High withers
•
Deep chest
•
Short back
•
Good depth of hindquarters
•
Lean body
•
Long legs
Explore the key characteristics of various horse breeds including the Andalusian, Appaloosa, Arabian, Belgian, Buckskin, Clydesdale, and Dutch Draft. Each breed is described with details on their physical attributes, unique features, and distinctive traits, accompanied by images for visual reference.
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Presentation Transcript
Andalusian Elegant and strongly built Have warts under the tail Long and broad necks Have calcium-like deposits at the temple to small horn-like protuberances near or behind the ear
Appaloosa Distinctive, preferred leopard complex spotted coat Mottled skin Striped hooves Eyes with a white sclera Tall, narrow-bodied, rangy horse
Arabian Refined, wedge-shaped heads, a broad forehead, large eyes, large nostrils, and small muzzles Relatively long, level top of the hindquarters Naturally high tail carriage Compact body with a short neck
Belgian Small head Thick and muscular neck Powerful shoulders and quarters Short legs with small amount of feathering Chestnut or red roan in color
Buckskin Tan or gold colored coat with black points (mane, tail, and lower legs) Primitive markings (shoulder blade stripes, dorsal stripe, zebra stripes on legs, webbing)
Clydesdale Broad forehead and wide muzzle Well-muscled and strong, with an arched neck, high withers and a sloped shoulder Extensive white feathering on the feet
Dutch Draft 16 hands at withers Head is well-formed, with a straight profile and pronounced jaw The neck is powerful The withers broad and low The chest deep and the shoulder long and sloping The legs are strong and muscular, with broad joints
Dutch Warmblood Long legged Smooth topline and dry, expressive head Rectangular frame
Fresian Black 15-17 hands Powerfully muscled Agile with elegant action Thick mane and tail Feather on lower legs
Hackney Well-shaped head, sometimes with a slightly convex nose The neck is crested and muscular with a clean cut throat and jaw The chest is broad and well-defined The shoulder is powerful, long and gently sloping The Hackneys have an average length of back, muscular, level croups, and powerful hindquarters The tail is set high and carried high naturally The legs are strong with broad, clean joints, long forearms and gaskins, with strong hocks, and pasterns medium in length, and are attached to round, fairly upright hooves
Hanoverian Elegant, strong, and robust Strong back, powerful body, athletic movement, and strong limbs The horses can be 15.3-17.2 hands high, but most are in the range of 16-16.2 hands.
Lipizzan Compact, muscular Long head, with a straight or slightly convex profile The jaw is deep The ears small The eyes large and expressive and the nostrils flared They have a neck that is sturdy Wide, deep chest, broad croup and muscular shoulder. The tail is carried high and well set The legs are well-muscled and strong, with broad joints and well-defined tendons
Miniature Small size 34 38 inches as measured at the last hairs of the mane
Mustang Small, compact Good bone Very hardy
Paint Broad pinto spotting patterns of white and dark hair Predominant hair coat color with at least one contrasting area of solid white hair of the required size with some underlying unpigmented skin present on the horse at the time of its birth Or, in the case of a predominantly white hair coat, at least one contrasting area of the required size of colored hair with some underlying pigmented skin present on the horse
Palomino Yellow or gold coat, with a white or light cream mane and tail Shades of the body coat color range from cream to a dark gold Dark skin and brown eyes Summer coat of a palomino is usually a slightly darker shade than the winter coat
Paso Fino The Paso Fino has several different body types from quite small and refined to very large and powerful The action of the two strains is somewhat different Paso Finos come in a variety of colors, sizes and body types
Percheron Agile draft horse breed Mostly gray or black Clean-limbed and powerful Many horses have white markings on their heads and legs The head has a straight profile, with a broad forehead, large eyes and small ears The chest is deep and wide and the croup long and level The feet and legs are clean and well muscled]
Quarter Horse Short Refined head Strong, well-muscled body Featuring a broad chest Powerful, rounded hindquarters Small, short, refined head with a straight profile There are two main body types: the stock type and the hunter or racing type. The stock horse type is shorter, more compact, stocky and well muscled, yet agile. The racing and hunter type Quarter Horses are somewhat taller and smoother muscled than the stock type
Shetland Pony Small size Sturdy build Thick coat Compact and strong American subtype more refined with longer legs and finer coat Small head, sometimes with a dished face Widely-spaced eyes Small and alert ears Short, muscular neck Short, strong legs Shorter than normal cannon bone in relation to their size A short broad back and deep girth are universal characteristics as is a springy stride Long thick manes and tails and a dense double winter coat to withstand harsh weather
Shire Tall draught horse Average height 17 hands high Legs often have white stockings with long hairs known as "feather Black, bay, or gray Long and lean Large eyes Slightly arched neck that long in proportion to the body. The shoulder is deep and wide The chest wide The back muscular and short and the hindquarters long and wide Hair is fine, straight and silky.[
Tennessee Walking Horse Tall, long neck Calm disposition Long, straight head Sloping shoulder The head is large but refined in bone, with small well-placed ears The horse has a fairly short back Long, unbraided manes and tails
Thoroughbred Tall Slim Athletic The face and lower legs may be marked with white but white will generally not appear on the body Well-chiseled head on a long neck High withers Deep chest Short back Good depth of hindquarters Lean body Long legs
