Historical Events and Learnings in World War I Era
Three brothers share a family sport:
A non-stop marathon
The oldest one is fat and short
And trudges slowly on
The middle brother's tall and slim
And keeps a steady pace
The youngest runs just like the wind,
Speeding through the race
"He's young in years, we let him run,"
The other brothers say
"'Cause though he's surely number one,
He's second, in a way."
Reasons for the Schlieffen Plan
Schlieffen Plan’s failure (+Marne)
Trenches: technology & tactics
War of attrition (Verdun)
Key Battles (Somme and Passchendaele)
Gallipoli and it’s significance
War at Sea and it’s significance
Trenches: Conditions and experience
The First World
War: Stalemate
GCSE History
PAPER 1
•
Germany, 1890–1945: Democracy
and dictatorship
•
Conflict and tension, 1894–1918
PAPER 2
•
Britain: Health and the people
•
Elizabethan England, c1568–1603
Starter Quiz
Last lesson = 1 pt
Last week = 2 pt
Last term = 3 pt
TASK: Please write down the title, and 1-9 in your margin on a new sheet of paper.
Last lesson = 1 pt
Last week = 2 pt
Last term = 3 pt
Germany 1: Kaiser Background
Key Words
:
Wilhelm II
29 years
14 years
12 years
Weimar
Nazi Germany
1890
1919
1933
1945
WORLD WAR ONE
WORLD WAR TWO
1914
1939
The Unification of Germany
•
The process of the unification of Germany
occurred in the nineteenth century (1800–
1900).
•
Prior to unification, there were many states in
Central Europe. Some of them were very small,
possibly no more than 5 miles (8.0 km) from
one border to the other.
•
Unification took place on 18 January 1871.
•
At the conclusion of the Franco-Prussian War,
the German princes proclaimed the German
nation in Versailles, France, at the Hall of
Mirrors.
•
Unification joined together the many
independent German states. These states
became the German Empire.
KAISER
(Hereditary, for life)
Chancellor
Minister
Army
Parliament
Bundesrat
(Make laws)
Reichstag
(Approve laws)
German Government
APPOINTS
SUMMONS
COMMANDS
Before Kaiser Wilhelm II
1.
Number yourselves 1-2
2.
Numbers 1 will look at Otto von
Bismark
3.
Number 2 will look at Frederick III
4.
You need to summarise their careers
with 3 words, but as many images as
you want!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JzbCh4c-8vA
KAISER WILHELM II: OVERVIEW DOCUMENTARY
Flying Start
•
What was the impact of the Kaiser’s arm being withered?
•
Why was Kaiser Wilhelm II attracted to England?
•
What was the impact of the rumour that Kaiser Wilhelm II was a
homosexual?
•
How far did the Kaiser want to go to war?
Is there a turning point in his view?
•
What was the impact of War on Germany?
W
h
a
t
w
a
s
t
h
e
i
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
t
h
e
K
a
i
s
e
r
’
s
a
r
m
b
e
i
n
g
w
i
t
h
e
r
e
d
?
•
Disaster – named crippled (contextually a big issue)
•
Given the role he will take on (Kaiser & therefore control of the army)
this is a catastrophe
•
Mum finds it hard to love him
•
Treatments are ineffective
•
Kaiser’s happiness was impacted
•
Brought up to cope (swim, shoot and ride horses) = active!
•
Everyday life handicapped – dinners a foot man had to cut his food up
W
h
y
w
a
s
K
a
i
s
e
r
W
i
l
h
e
l
m
I
I
a
t
t
r
a
c
t
e
d
t
o
E
n
g
l
a
n
d
?
•
Childhood visits to Isle of White to his Grandmother’s retreat (Queen
Victoria)
•
Queen Victoria indulged him!
•
He became centred on English royal family – identity
•
Cows week – visit royal yacht squadron, competed in big classes!
•
Royal Navy – admiral of the British fleet
•
1896 arrival of USS Chicago under command of Marne, Kaiser reads
his book it and becomes his bible
W
h
a
t
w
a
s
t
h
e
i
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
t
h
e
r
u
m
o
u
r
t
h
a
t
K
a
i
s
e
r
W
i
l
h
e
l
m
I
I
w
a
s
a
h
o
m
o
s
e
x
u
a
l
?
•
1906 Phillip is accused as being a homosexual – Kaiser dropped himas
a friend until he could be found innocent
•
Phillip clear his name, trial suspended due to a heart condition
•
Used to suggest Germany was being led by a homosexual
•
Serious political matter – continuation of friendship would affect state
and monarchy
•
No evidence that Kaiser was homosexual – wife and 7 children +
mistress + 2 illegitimate
•
Weakens him politically
H
o
w
f
a
r
d
i
d
t
h
e
K
a
i
s
e
r
w
a
n
t
t
o
g
o
t
o
w
a
r
?
I
s
t
h
e
r
e
a
t
u
r
n
i
n
g
p
o
i
n
t
i
n
h
i
s
v
i
e
w
?
•
Serbia’s reply to ultimatum gives Kaiser a let out – doesn’t want war (28
th
July) –
‘moral victory’
•
Orders immediate mediation talks between Serbia and Austria
•
Germany’s leaders encourage an attack (know Russia will mobilise)
•
Kaiser is frightened and argues with Moltke
•
August 1
st
– general mobilisation order
•
As long as Germany attacks France, Britain wouldn’t attack, but army tell him that
they need to and have set off!
•
Urged by his generals – declare war now or it would be lost
•
Wilhelm gives in
•
Becomes apparent that Britain will get involved – TURNING POINT! GO FOR IT
W
h
a
t
w
a
s
t
h
e
i
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
W
a
r
o
n
G
e
r
m
a
n
y
?
•
1917 – German’s living off root vegetables – ‘turnip winter’
•
1918 September Kaiser’s Germany was unravelling
•
Western front – German’s were being taken prisoner
•
October: Allies made it obvious that Kaiser’s removal was precondition for peace
•
Berlin in turmoil – revolution called (had happened in Russia)
•
Reforming government with the allies say Kaiser should abdicate
•
Kaiser was against it – no one can send the Emperor away
•
Willing to use the troops on his side to get the traitors
•
Wilhelm left Berlin thinking he would be safer with troops
•
Soldiers shout at him for prolonging the war – goes to Belgium for help
•
Meet in November 9
th
– soldiers will only listen to Generals
•
Government announce abdication whilst he is thinking!!
•
Wilhelm decides to leave …
Describe two problems faced by Wilhelm II
•
Identify two problems
•
Explain the first reason, adding some detail and knowledge.
•
Explain the second reason, adding some detail and knowledge
L
e
t
’
s
a
d
d
a
n
y
t
h
i
n
g
t
h
e
d
o
c
u
m
e
n
t
a
r
y
m
i
s
s
e
d
•
Using the textbook, fill in any information about Kaiser Wilhelm II that
the documentary did not cover.
To what extent was Wilhelm II suited to his
position of Kaiser?
Small extent
Large extent
U
s
e
3
f
a
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t
o
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y
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u
r
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m
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t
Germany 1: Kaiser Background
Key Words
:
.
.
F
In this collection of historical topics, explore events such as the three brothers in a marathon, war strategies in World War I, and GCSE History lessons covering Germany and Britain. Learn about significant battles, alliances, and key figures from this era, including Kaiser Wilhelm II. A starter quiz challenges your knowledge of historical facts related to the war.
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Presentation Transcript
Three brothers share a family sport: A non-stop marathon The oldest one is fat and short And trudges slowly on The middle brother's tall and slim And keeps a steady pace The youngest runs just like the wind, Speeding through the race "He's young in years, we let him run," The other brothers say "'Cause though he's surely number one, He's second, in a way."
War at Sea and its significance Reasons for the Schlieffen Plan Schlieffen Plan s failure (+Marne) Gallipoli and it s significance The First World War: Stalemate Trenches: technology & tactics Key Battles (Somme and Passchendaele) War of attrition (Verdun) Trenches: Conditions and experience
GCSE History PAPER 1 Germany, 1890 1945: Democracy and dictatorship Conflict and tension, 1894 1918 PAPER 2 Britain: Health and the people Elizabethan England, c1568 1603
Starter Quiz TASK: Please write down the title, and 1-9 in your margin on a new sheet of paper. 1. 2. Name the ship famously sunk by a German U-Boat in 1915 How many Germans died due to lack of food in 1918? 3. Define Nationalism 5. How may troops per month was the USA sending to France in 1918? 6. Name the campaign to get through the Dardanelles 4. Name the major sea battle in 1916 7. Which two countries were in the dual alliance of 1879 8. . Why did France and Russia form an alliance in 1894? 9 What is the German offensive of Spring 1918 also called? Last lesson = 1 pt Last week = 2 pt Last term = 3 pt
Last lesson = 1 pt Last week = 2 pt Last term = 3 pt 3. an extreme form of patriotism, marked by a feeling of superiority over other countries. 1. 294,000 2. Lusitania 4. Jutland 5. 50,000 6. Gallipoli 7. Germany and Austria Hungary 8. Both worried about Germany 9. Ludendorff Offensive
Germany 1: Kaiser Background Great learning: Explain the difficulties Kaiser Wilhelm II faced ruling Germany Good learning: Understand key chronology in Germany between 1890-1945 Even better: Evaluate whether Kaiser Wilhelm II was suited to his position of Kaiser. Key Words:
29 years 14 years 12 years Wilhelm II Weimar Nazi Germany WORLD WAR TWO WORLD WAR ONE 1945 1890 1914 1919 1933 1939 Great learning: Explain the difficulties Kaiser Wilhelm II faced ruling Germany Good learning: Understand key chronology in Germany between 1890-1945 Even better: Evaluate whether Kaiser Wilhelm II was suited to his position of Kaiser.
Great learning: Explain the difficulties Kaiser Wilhelm II faced ruling Germany Good learning: Understand key chronology in Germany between 1890-1945 Even better: Evaluate whether Kaiser Wilhelm II was suited to his position of Kaiser. The Unification of Germany The process of the unification of Germany occurred in the nineteenth century (1800 1900). Prior to unification, there were many states in Central Europe. Some of them were very small, possibly no more than 5 miles (8.0 km) from one border to the other. Unification took place on 18 January 1871. At the conclusion of the Franco-Prussian War, the German princes proclaimed the German nation in Versailles, France, at the Hall of Mirrors. Unification joined together the many independent German states. These states became the German Empire.
Great learning: Explain the difficulties Kaiser Wilhelm II faced ruling Germany Good learning: Understand key chronology in Germany between 1890-1945 Even better: Evaluate whether Kaiser Wilhelm II was suited to his position of Kaiser. German Government KAISER (Hereditary, for life) APPOINTS SUMMONS COMMANDS Parliament Chancellor Minister Army Bundesrat (Make laws) Reichstag (Approve laws)
Before Kaiser Wilhelm II 1. Number yourselves 1-2 2. Numbers 1 will look at Otto von Bismark 3. Number 2 will look at Frederick III 4. You need to summarise their careers with 3 words, but as many images as you want! Great learning: Explain the difficulties Kaiser Wilhelm II faced ruling Germany Good learning: Understand key chronology in Germany between 1890-1945 Even better: Evaluate whether Kaiser Wilhelm II was suited to his position of Kaiser.
KAISER WILHELM II: OVERVIEW DOCUMENTARY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JzbCh4c-8vA
Flying Start What was the impact of the Kaiser s arm being withered? Why was Kaiser Wilhelm II attracted to England? What was the impact of the rumour that Kaiser Wilhelm II was a homosexual? How far did the Kaiser want to go to war? Is there a turning point in his view? What was the impact of War on Germany? Great learning: Explain the difficulties Kaiser Wilhelm II faced ruling Germany Good learning: Understand key chronology in Germany between 1890-1945 Even better: Evaluate whether Kaiser Wilhelm II was suited to his position of Kaiser.
What was the impact of the Kaisers arm being What was the impact of the Kaiser s arm being withered? withered? Disaster named crippled (contextually a big issue) Given the role he will take on (Kaiser & therefore control of the army) this is a catastrophe Mum finds it hard to love him Treatments are ineffective Kaiser s happiness was impacted Brought up to cope (swim, shoot and ride horses) = active! Everyday life handicapped dinners a foot man had to cut his food up Great learning: Explain the difficulties Kaiser Wilhelm II faced ruling Germany Good learning: Understand key chronology in Germany between 1890-1945 Even better: Evaluate whether Kaiser Wilhelm II was suited to his position of Kaiser.
Why was Kaiser Wilhelm II attracted to Why was Kaiser Wilhelm II attracted to England? England? Childhood visits to Isle of White to his Grandmother s retreat (Queen Victoria) Queen Victoria indulged him! He became centred on English royal family identity Cows week visit royal yacht squadron, competed in big classes! Royal Navy admiral of the British fleet 1896 arrival of USS Chicago under command of Marne, Kaiser reads his book it and becomes his bible Great learning: Explain the difficulties Kaiser Wilhelm II faced ruling Germany Good learning: Understand key chronology in Germany between 1890-1945 Even better: Evaluate whether Kaiser Wilhelm II was suited to his position of Kaiser.
What was the impact of the rumour that What was the impact of the rumour that Kaiser Wilhelm II was a homosexual? Kaiser Wilhelm II was a homosexual? 1906 Phillip is accused as being a homosexual Kaiser dropped himas a friend until he could be found innocent Phillip clear his name, trial suspended due to a heart condition Used to suggest Germany was being led by a homosexual Serious political matter continuation of friendship would affect state and monarchy No evidence that Kaiser was homosexual wife and 7 children + mistress + 2 illegitimate Weakens him politically Great learning: Explain the difficulties Kaiser Wilhelm II faced ruling Germany Good learning: Understand key chronology in Germany between 1890-1945 Even better: Evaluate whether Kaiser Wilhelm II was suited to his position of Kaiser.
How far did the Kaiser want to go to war? How far did the Kaiser want to go to war? Is there a turning point in his view? Is there a turning point in his view? Serbia s reply to ultimatum gives Kaiser a let out doesn t want war (28th July) moral victory Orders immediate mediation talks between Serbia and Austria Germany s leaders encourage an attack (know Russia will mobilise) Kaiser is frightened and argues with Moltke August 1st general mobilisation order As long as Germany attacks France, Britain wouldn t attack, but army tell him that they need to and have set off! Urged by his generals declare war now or it would be lost Wilhelm gives in Becomes apparent that Britain will get involved TURNING POINT! GO FOR IT
What was the impact of War on Germany? What was the impact of War on Germany? 1917 German s living off root vegetables turnip winter 1918 September Kaiser s Germany was unravelling Western front German s were being taken prisoner October: Allies made it obvious that Kaiser s removal was precondition for peace Berlin in turmoil revolution called (had happened in Russia) Reforming government with the allies say Kaiser should abdicate Kaiser was against it no one can send the Emperor away Willing to use the troops on his side to get the traitors Wilhelm left Berlin thinking he would be safer with troops Soldiers shout at him for prolonging the war goes to Belgium for help Meet in November 9th soldiers will only listen to Generals Government announce abdication whilst he is thinking!! Wilhelm decides to leave
Describe two problems faced by Wilhelm II Identify two problems Explain the first reason, adding some detail and knowledge. Explain the second reason, adding some detail and knowledge Great learning: Explain the difficulties Kaiser Wilhelm II faced ruling Germany Good learning: Understand key chronology in Germany between 1890-1945 Even better: Evaluate whether Kaiser Wilhelm II was suited to his position of Kaiser.
Lets add anything the documentary missed Let s add anything the documentary missed Using the textbook, fill in any information about Kaiser Wilhelm II that the documentary did not cover. Great learning: Explain the difficulties Kaiser Wilhelm II faced ruling Germany Good learning: Understand key chronology in Germany between 1890-1945 Even better: Evaluate whether Kaiser Wilhelm II was suited to his position of Kaiser.
To what extent was Wilhelm II suited to his position of Kaiser? Small extent Large extent Use 3 facts to justify your judgement Use 3 facts to justify your judgement
Germany 1: Kaiser Background Great learning: Explain the difficulties Kaiser Wilhelm II faced ruling Germany Good learning: Understand key chronology in Germany between 1890-1945 Even better: Evaluate whether Kaiser Wilhelm II was suited to his position of Kaiser. Key Words:
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