Factors Influencing Temperature and Rainfall in Geography Lessons

 
GRADE 8 GEOGRAPHY
Unit 1: Factors influencing temperature & rainfall
 
Good day learners and
parents/guardians/caregivers
 
RE: WORK FOR DURATION OF LOCKDOWN
Please view the PowerPoint/document.
These are notes that learners must write into
their workbooks or they can Print and Paste it
into their books. This is of utmost importance as
the content covered in these notes will be the
work that gets examined at the end of the term.
 
I would suggest that the learners spends a
maximum of 2 hours per week on the subject
which would sufficiently cover the class time that
is being lost. For example, 
Tuesday and Thursday
,
one hour each day.
Please  first read through the content covered in
the textbook at least twice. (Pgs 78 – 81).
Then read through the notes/summary and make
sure that it is written or pasted in your
notebooks.
Complete Activity 1 – pg. 81
(Unit 2 will be available on Wednesday.)
 
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1.1 Distance from the equator (latitude)
 
1.2 Distance from the sea
 
1.3 Height above sea level (altitude)
 
1.4 Ocean currents and winds
 
1.5 Mountains (relief)
 
1.1. Distance from the Equator (Latitude)
 
Temperature
 
Hot temperatures
are found near the
equator.
 
Rainfall
 
Because it is warmer
around the equator,
we can expect more
rainfall here.
 
Hot and cool
temperatures are
found near the
Tropics.
 
Cooler/Colder
temperatures are
found near the
poles (North and
South Poles).
 
In polar areas we
can expect snowfall
because the air is
colder and
descends.
 
1.2. Distance from the Sea
Inland areas are 
Hotter
 in
Summer and 
Colder
 in
Winter; and receive LESS
rainfall due to the distance
travelled from the sea.
SEA Temperature changes at a
slower rate than LAND
temperature; therefore
coastal areas will have milder
winters & cooler summers.
 
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Temperature:
The higher you go, the colder it becomes because air temperature depends
on air density.
Air at higher altitudes: 
less dense and colder (convection)
Air at lower altitudes: 
more dense and warmer (conduction)
Rainfall:
The higher the altitude, the cooler it becomes, therefore cooling moisture
condenses and forms rain droplets.
Mountain areas receive more rainfall than flat or lower areas.
 
1.4. Ocean Currents and Winds
 
COLD
BENGUELA
CURRENT
(from the
Poles) cools
down the
WEST COAST
of South
Africa
 
WARM
AGULHAS
CURRENT
(from the
Tropics &
Equator)
warms up the
EAST COAST
of South
Africa
 
MORE rainfall
along the
EAST COAST
of South
Africa due to
the WARM
current.
 
LESS rainfall
along the
WEST COAST
of South
Africa due to
the COLD
current.
 
1.5. Mountains (Aspect)
 
 
 
 
The closer the
slopes are to the
equator, the warmer
they are.
 
Leeward slopes (facing
away from the equator)
have less rainfall.
Slopes close to the poles
have snowfall.
 
The closer the
slopes are to the
poles, the colder
they are.
 
Warmer slopes have
higher temperatures so
they receive more rain.
 
1.5. Mountains
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Factors such as distance from the equator, sea, altitude, ocean currents, winds, and mountains influence temperature and rainfall patterns. Understanding these factors is crucial for geography students to grasp the concepts of climate and weather conditions in different regions. The provided notes emphasize the importance of geographical features on local climates and precipitation levels, guiding learners on how to observe and analyze these elements in their studies.


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  1. GRADE 8 GEOGRAPHY Unit 1: Factors influencing temperature & rainfall Good day learners and parents/guardians/caregivers RE: WORK FOR DURATION OF LOCKDOWN Please view the PowerPoint/document. These are notes that learners must write into their workbooks or they can Print and Paste it into their books. This is of utmost importance as the content covered in these notes will be the work that gets examined at the end of the term.

  2. I would suggest that the learners spends a maximum of 2 hours per week on the subject which would sufficiently cover the class time that is being lost. For example, Tuesday and Thursday, one hour each day. Please first read through the content covered in the textbook at least twice. (Pgs 78 81). Then read through the notes/summary and make sure that it is written or pasted in your notebooks. Complete Activity 1 pg. 81 (Unit 2 will be available on Wednesday.)

  3. Factors influencing temperature and rainfall 1.1 Distance from the equator (latitude) 1.2 Distance from the sea 1.3 Height above sea level (altitude) 1.4 Ocean currents and winds 1.5 Mountains (relief)

  4. 1.1. Distance from the Equator (Latitude) Rainfall Temperature Cooler/Colder temperatures are found near the poles (North and South Poles). In polar areas we can expect snowfall because the air is colder and descends. Hot temperatures are found near the equator. Because it is warmer around the equator, we can expect more rainfall here. Hot and cool temperatures are found near the Tropics.

  5. 1.2. Distance from the Sea Inland areas are Hotter in Summer and Colder in Winter; and receive LESS rainfall due to the distance travelled from the sea. SEA Temperature changes at a slower rate than LAND temperature; therefore coastal areas will have milder winters & cooler summers.

  6. 1.3. Height above sea level (Altitude) Temperature: The higher you go, the colder it becomes because air temperature depends on air density. Air at higher altitudes: less dense and colder (convection) Air at lower altitudes: more dense and warmer (conduction) Rainfall: The higher the altitude, the cooler it becomes, therefore cooling moisture condenses and forms rain droplets. Mountain areas receive more rainfall than flat or lower areas.

  7. 1.4. Ocean Currents and Winds COLD BENGUELA CURRENT (from the Poles) cools down the WEST COAST of South Africa WARM AGULHAS CURRENT (from the Tropics & Equator) warms up the EAST COAST of South Africa LESS rainfall along the WEST COAST of South Africa due to the COLD current. MORE rainfall along the EAST COAST of South Africa due to the WARM current.

  8. 1.5. Mountains (Aspect)

  9. Warmer slopes have higher temperatures so they receive more rain. 1.5. Mountains The closer the slopes are to the equator, the warmer they are. The closer the slopes are to the poles, the colder they are. Leeward slopes (facing away from the equator) have less rainfall. Slopes close to the poles have snowfall.

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