Factors Affecting Depth of Field for SEM Imaging
Depth of Field (DOF) is crucial in SEM imaging, determining the distance between the nearest and farthest objects that appear sharp in an image. Factors such as working distance, aperture size, and magnification play key roles in influencing DOF. Increasing the working distance and reducing the aperture size can enhance DOF, while decreasing magnification can also have a positive impact. However, achieving optimal DOF requires a careful balance of these factors to ensure the best image quality. Trade-offs may be necessary when aiming to maximize DOF effectively.
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FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEPTH OF FIELD FOR SEM CAMTEC WORKSHOP 2014 AIKO KURIMOTO
DEFINITION OF DEPTH OF FIELD Depth of Field (DOF) Distance between the nearest and farthest objects in a scene that appear acceptably sharp in an image. Shallow DOF Deep DOF
DOF FOR SEM Usually great DOF This makes it possible to examine much rougher, and much higher magnifications, than is possible with optical microscopes. Deep DOF Shallow DOF
PRACTICAL EXPRESSION OF DOF 0.2 ???? ?? DOF = the beam divergence M = Magnification Since =?/2 ? W = working distance between the lens and the specimen in mm. A = the aperture diameter. DOF 4 105? ?? ?? ??
DETERMINATION OF DOF DOF 4 105? ?? ?? ?? W = working distance between the lens and the specimen in mm. A = the aperture diameter. M = Magnification In order to increase DOF, 1) Increase the distance W 2) Decrease the size of A 3) Decrease the magnification M
DECREASE APPERTURE SIZE An increase DOF A decrease the probe current and a concomitant decrease in S/N Possible improvement in the probe size and resolution Change in astigmatism (needs to be corrected again)
INCREASE WORKING DISTANCE An increase DOF Lower attainable limits for low magnification work An increase probe size and thus less sharp but smoother image in appearance A possible decrease of signal strength (depending on stage tilt and detector position) Astigmatism will worsen at long W
CONCLUSION In order to increase DOF, 1) Increase the distance W 2) Decrease the size of A 3) Decrease the magnification M However, an increase DOF involves some trade-offs. In order to obtain the best DOF, it is necessary to determine best combinations of the working distance, the aperture size and the magnification.
