Evolution of Somalia's Constitution: 1949-2012
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TAARIKHAHA UU SOO MARAY
DASTUURADA SOOMAALIYA
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1949-2012-???
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1949-1960
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Ciidamada
Gumeysiga
Wakiilka gaarka ah ee
GQM
SYL
Geedi
socodka
Dastuurka
Soomaaliya
Golaha
Ansixinta
Qaranka
Xiliga daakhiliyada
Axsaabta
siyaasiga
Xilligi Maxmiyadda 1950-1960
◦
Bishii Jannaayo 27, 1950
ayaa Qaramada
Midoobey ay heshiis kula gashay Dawladdii
Talyaaniga in Soomaaliya maxmiyad (AFIS) ahaan
la hoos geeyo Talyaaniga muddo 10 sano ah, inta
gobannimo buuxda laga gaarsiinayo.
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Heshiiskaas wuxuu ku ekaa 1dii Luulyo, 1960
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Waxay Qaramada Midowga (UN) ay diyaarisay
Dastuur oona soo diyaariyay Wakiilka u Fadhiga
dalka Indiya QM.
Xilligi Maxmiyadda 1950-1960
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Gumeystigi Talyaaniga wuxuu bilaabay qorista Dastuurkii Soomaaliya . Waxay magacaabeen labo
Guddi:
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Guddi Siyaasadeed iyo
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Guddi Farsamo.
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Guddiga Siyaasadda
wuxuu ka koobanaa:
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Guddoomiyaha Baarlamaanka
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Ku-Xigeennada Guddoomiyaha Baarlamaanka
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Ra’iisul Wasaaraha
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Xubnaha Golaha Wasiirrada
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Hoggaamiyayaasha Kooxaha Baarlamaanka
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Labada Xoghaye ee Baarlamaanka
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Labo Saraakiisha Maamulka Dawladda oo Muqdisho degganeyd, R/W soo magacaabo
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Hal Xubin oo ka ka socda Xisbi kasta oo siyaasi ah, la aqoonsan yahay, mataalaadna ku leh Golaha
Sharci-dejinta, ayna soo xuleen Axsaabtaas.
Xilligi Maxmiyadda 1950-1960
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Guddiga Farsamada:
1.
Prof. G. A. Costanzo, Guddoomiye
2.
Hormuudka Machadkii Soomaalida ee Sharciga, dhaqaalaha iyo Culuunta Bulshada,
3.
Prof. Dino Fiorot, Jaamacadda Padova
4.
Prof. Giuseppe Finocchiaro, Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Caddaalladda Soomaaliya
5.
Dr. Salvatore Spadaro, Hantidhowraha Guud
6.
Dr. Carlo Fettrappa-Sandri, Madaxa Xafiiska Maamulaha Guud ee Soomaaliya
7.
Dr. Carlo Prisco, Xeer-Ilaaliyaha Guud
8.
Dr. Renato Angeloni, La-taliye Maxkamadda Caddaaladda
9.
Dr. Vincenzo Mellana, Garsoore Maxkamadda Racfaanka Soomaaliya
10.
Dr. Mario Tucci, Ku-Xigeen Xeer Ilaaliyaha Guud
11.
Paolo Contini, Khabiir Sharci uu soo magacaabay Golaha La-talinta ee Qaramada
Midoobay, ninkaasoo La-taliye Sare ee Sharci ka ahaa Xafiiska Arrimaha Sharciga ee
Sekretaariyaatka Qarammada Midoobay
Xilligi
Maxmiyadda 1950-1960
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Guddiga Farsamada (Xubno Soomaaliyeed oo lagu soo kordhiya
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koowaadba, Guddiga Farsamada waxay ka wada hadleen in Guddigooda lagu soo daro xubno
Soomaaliyeed, iyagoo sabab uga dhigayay in dastuur ay qoraan dad shisheeye ah uusan dhab
ahaantii ka tarjumi karin danaha ummadda Soomaaliyeed, inkastoo Soomaalida aysan xilligaas
khibrad u laheyn xagga dastuur-sameynta. Guddoomiyaha Guddiga Siyaasadda ayaa wuxuu ku
soo kordhiyay Guddiga Farsamda 7 Soomaali ah, si loogala tashado arrimaha dastuur-
sameynta, waxayna kala ahaayeen:
1.
Sheekh Abuubakar Cabdullaahi Cumar,
2.
Sheekh Maxamed Maxamuud Maxamamed,
3.
Sheekh Maxamed Sheekh Cali Abuukar,
4.
Maxamed Sheekh Gabyoow,
5.
Maxamuuud Yusuf Aden Muuro,
6.
Sheekh Cabdulle Maxamuud Macallin Maxamed,
7.
Xasan Maxamed Xasan “Woqooyi”.
Xilligi
Maxmiyadda
1950-1960
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Xubnahaas kore waxay kala ahaayeen: Qaalliga
Koowaad, labo Qaalli Maxkamadda Caddaaladda,
La-taliye Xukuumadda ka socda iyo labo Agaasime
Waaxood ee Wasaaradadda Maaliyadda iyo hal
Agaasime, Wasaaradda Dhaqaalaha.
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Intii u dhaxeysay
Oktoobar 1957 iyo Maajo 1959
Guddigaas Farsamo wuxuu diyaariyay qabyo-
qoraal hordhac ah oo dastuur ka kooban
141
Qodob
, ayna la socoto
faallooyin
gaaraya
316 bog.
Xilligi Maxmiyadda 1950-1960
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Qorayaashii dastuurkaas waxay ku kor diyaariyeen dastuurro hore u jiray. Guddigu
wuxuu daraasado is-barbardhigid ah ku sameeyay dastuurro xilligoodu dhawaa iyo
kuwo waqtiyo hore ahaa, sida kii Faransiiska ee 1946, Dastuurkii Jarmalka ee 1949
iyo kii Talyaaniga ee 1947.
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Sidoo kale, dastuurro ku saleysan qaab Madaxtooyo sida kan Mareykanka iyo
Filibbiiniska ee 1935, dastuurro dalal Islaam ah ee Woqooyiga Afrika iyo Bariga
Dhaw, dastuurkii Jamhuuriyaddii Masar ee 1956, dastuurkii Jamhuuriyaddii Siiriya
ee Sebtember 1950 (Nidaam Baarlamaani) iyo kii 1953 (Nidaam Madaxtooyo),
Boqortooyada Joordan ee 1952, Libnaan ee Maajo 1926, Ciraaq ee 1925,
dastuurrada Braasiil, Eritereeya, Itoobiya, Ghana, Giriig, Hindiya, Indoneesiya,
Iiraan, Meeksiko, Bakistaan iyo Portaqiiska.
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Waxaa kaloo lala tashaday Axdiga Qarammada Midoobay iyo Baaqa Caalamiga ee
Xuquuqda Aadamiga. Laakiinse, marka xaqiiqada laga hadlo, Guddigaas Farsamo
wuxuu inta badan uu ku tiirsanaa kana fikir qaadanayay qaabka dastuuriga ee
Talyaaniga.
Xilligi Maxmiyadda 1950-1960
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Golaha dastuur-sameynta
wuxuu hawshiisii billaabay
23 Maajo, 1960
isagoo
ka dooday qabyo-qoraalkii Guddiga Siyaasiga, wuxuuna yeeshay
42 fadhi
muddo 31
maalmood gudahood, waxay ansixiyeen qabyo-qoraalkaas
21 Juun,
1960
, taasoo ka horreysay in ka yar labo toddobaad maalintii madax-
bannaanida Soomaaliya ee
1dii Luulyo, 1960
.
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Rayn rayn ayaa lagu ansixiyay dastuurkii, waxaana soo faafiyay Madaxweynaha
Kmg ee dalka, wuxuuna dhaqan galay 1dii Luulyo, 1960. Markii la anisixinayay
dastuurka waxaa goobjoog aheyd
87 Xildhibaan
.
Xilligii Xurriyadda 1960
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Haddaba,
dastuurkii 1960
wuxuu ka koobnaa gogoldhig iyo
105 Qodob
. Gogoldhiggu
kama uusan mid aheyn qabyo-qoraalkii uu soo gudbiyay Guddiga Farsamada sababtoo
ah wuxuu ku billaabanayay magaca weyn ee Alle.
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Dastuurku wuxuu tilmaamayay Gole Sharci-dejin (Qod. 49), Madaxweyne iyo Madaxa
Dawladda (Qod. 70 iyo Ra’iisul Wasaare (Qod. 83). Mid walabana awooddiisa waa uu
qeexay.
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Madaxweynuhu wuxuu kala diri karay Golaha Sharci-dejinta kolka uu dhageysto talada
Guddoomiyaha Golahaas (Qod. 53). Hase yeeshee, dastuurku ma oggoleyn kala dirid
sanadka koowaad iyo kan ugu dambeeya muddada Golahaas (Qod. 53)(3).
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Xildhibannada Golahaas oo la soo dooranay waxay xilka haynayeen muddo shan sano
ah.
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Awoodda garsoorka way ka madaxbanan tahay awoodaha sharci-dejinta iyo fulinta (Qod.
92 iyo weliba Maxkamadda Sare Caddaaladda oo ku shuqul laheyd dambiyada ay galaan
Madaxweynaha, Ra’iisul Wasaaraha, Wasiirrada iyo Madaxda kale ee Sar e dalka.
Laakiinse, Maxkamaddii Dastuuriga iyo tii Sare e Caddaaladda middoodna kama
hawlgalin Soomaaliya.
Xilligii Xurriyadda 1960
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Dastuurkii Somaaliya ee 1960 waxaa loo arkayay
mid aad uga horreeyay marka loo eego
waddammo kale oo Afrikaan ah oo qaatay
nidaamka madaxtooyada kaasoo siinayay
Madaxweynaha awoodo xad dhaaf ah, halka kan
Soomaalida awoodda fulinta waxaa lahaa
xukuumadda uu madaxa u ahaa Ra’iisul
Wasaaraha.
1960-1969
1960
1969
Eight Regions
Elected Parliament
Sharcigii Midowga
Coup d'état
Multi Party System
The first Somali President
defeated in election
Second Somali President
Assassinated
Somali Defense Force Was
Established
Xilligii Xurriyadda 1960
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In yar ka hor madaxbanaanida Somaliya 1960,
Golahii Maxmiyadda
waxay dhiseen ciidan qaranka
oo difaaco xuduudka Jamhuuriyadda Soomalida
cusub. Waxaa lagu dhisay Sharci la ansixiyay 6dii
Abriil 1960.
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Xurriyadda kadib, waxaa isku biiray ciidankii
Daraawiishta iyo
Somaliland Scouts
, waxaana
sameysmay ciidan gaaraya 5,000 Cidanka Qaranka
ee Soomaaliyeed, waxaana madax u noqday
G/Sare
Daud Abdulle Hirsi
.
Xilligii Xurriyadda 1960
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Ciidankii waa la balaariyay waana la
casriyeeyay, waxayna taageero ka
heleen Midowga Sofyeetiha
1969-1979
1969
1979
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1979-1990
1979
1990
Internal Economic &
Political Unrest
Civil War
Armed Oppositions Formed
New Constitution was Drafted
Eighteen Regions Formed
1990-2000
1990
2000
Humanitarian Crises
UN Intervention (Peace
Keeping Force)
Full Scale Civil War
Peace Reconciliation
Conferences
ARTA Conference (Interim
Government)
Warlord Era
TNC, TNG & TMP
Northern Regions Declared
Independence
2000-2010
2000
2010
2010-
2010
2012
Up
to
THE END
The journey of Somalia's constitution from 1949 to 2012 is depicted through significant events such as the establishment of the military forces, involvement with Italy, and the formation of political and academic committees. Key figures and committees played vital roles in shaping the constitution during this period, focusing on legal and governance structures within the country.
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TAARIKHAHA UU SOO MARAY DASTUURADA SOOMAALIYA 1949-2012-???
TAARIKHAHAUUSOOMARAY DASTUURADASOOMAALIYA
1949-1960 1949 Xiliga daakhiliyada CiidamadaGumeysiga Wakiilka gaarka ah ee GQM SYL Geedi socodka Dastuurka Soomaaliya Golaha Ansixinta Qaranka 1960 Axsaabtasiyaasiga
Xilligi Maxmiyadda 1950-1960 Bishii Jannaayo 27, 1950 ayaa Qaramada Midoobey ay heshiis kula gashay Dawladdii Talyaaniga in Soomaaliya maxmiyad (AFIS) ahaan la hoos geeyo Talyaaniga muddo 10 sano ah, inta gobannimo buuxda laga gaarsiinayo. Heshiiskaas wuxuu ku ekaa 1dii Luulyo, 1960 Waxay Qaramada Midowga (UN) ay diyaarisay Dastuur oona soo diyaariyay Wakiilka u Fadhiga dalka Indiya QM.
Xilligi Maxmiyadda 1950-1960 Gumeystigi Talyaaniga wuxuu bilaabay qorista Dastuurkii Soomaaliya . Waxay magacaabeen labo Guddi: Guddi Siyaasadeed iyo Guddi Farsamo. Guddiga Siyaasadda wuxuu ka koobanaa: Guddoomiyaha Baarlamaanka Ku-Xigeennada Guddoomiyaha Baarlamaanka Ra iisul Wasaaraha Xubnaha Golaha Wasiirrada Hoggaamiyayaasha Kooxaha Baarlamaanka Labada Xoghaye ee Baarlamaanka Labo Saraakiisha Maamulka Dawladda oo Muqdisho degganeyd, R/W soo magacaabo Hal Xubin oo ka ka socda Xisbi kasta oo siyaasi ah, la aqoonsan yahay, mataalaadna ku leh Golaha Sharci-dejinta, ayna soo xuleen Axsaabtaas.
Xilligi Maxmiyadda 1950-1960 Guddiga Farsamada: 1. Prof. G. A. Costanzo, Guddoomiye 2. Hormuudka Machadkii Soomaalida ee Sharciga, dhaqaalaha iyo Culuunta Bulshada, 3. Prof. Dino Fiorot, Jaamacadda Padova 4. Prof. Giuseppe Finocchiaro, Guddoomiyaha Maxkamadda Caddaalladda Soomaaliya 5. Dr. Salvatore Spadaro, Hantidhowraha Guud 6. Dr. Carlo Fettrappa-Sandri, Madaxa Xafiiska Maamulaha Guud ee Soomaaliya 7. Dr. Carlo Prisco, Xeer-Ilaaliyaha Guud 8. Dr. Renato Angeloni, La-taliye Maxkamadda Caddaaladda 9. Dr. Vincenzo Mellana, Garsoore Maxkamadda Racfaanka Soomaaliya 10. Dr. Mario Tucci, Ku-Xigeen Xeer Ilaaliyaha Guud 11. Paolo Contini, Khabiir Sharci uu soo magacaabay Golaha La-talinta ee Qaramada Midoobay, ninkaasoo La-taliye Sare ee Sharci ka ahaa Xafiiska Arrimaha Sharciga ee Sekretaariyaatka Qarammada Midoobay
Xilligi Maxmiyadda 1950-1960 Guddiga Farsamada (Xubno Soomaaliyeed oo lagu soo kordhiya koowaadba, Guddiga Farsamada waxay ka wada hadleen in Guddigooda lagu soo daro xubno Soomaaliyeed, iyagoo sabab uga dhigayay in dastuur ay qoraan dad shisheeye ah uusan dhab ahaantii ka tarjumi karin danaha ummadda Soomaaliyeed, inkastoo Soomaalida aysan xilligaas khibrad u laheyn xagga dastuur-sameynta. Guddoomiyaha Guddiga Siyaasadda ayaa wuxuu ku soo kordhiyay Guddiga Farsamda 7 Soomaali ah, si loogala tashado arrimaha dastuur- sameynta, waxayna kala ahaayeen: 1. Sheekh Abuubakar Cabdullaahi Cumar, 2. Sheekh Maxamed Maxamuud Maxamamed, 3. Sheekh Maxamed Sheekh Cali Abuukar, 4. Maxamed Sheekh Gabyoow, 5. Maxamuuud Yusuf Aden Muuro, 6. Sheekh Cabdulle Maxamuud Macallin Maxamed, 7. Xasan Maxamed Xasan Woqooyi .
Xilligi Maxmiyadda 1950-1960 Xubnahaas kore waxay kala ahaayeen: Qaalliga Koowaad, labo Qaalli Maxkamadda Caddaaladda, La-taliye Xukuumadda ka socda iyo labo Agaasime Waaxood ee Wasaaradadda Maaliyadda iyo hal Agaasime, Wasaaradda Dhaqaalaha. Intii u dhaxeysay Oktoobar 1957 iyo Maajo 1959 Guddigaas Farsamo wuxuu diyaariyay qabyo- qoraal hordhac ah oo dastuur ka kooban 141 Qodob, ayna la socoto faallooyin gaaraya 316 bog.
Xilligi Maxmiyadda 1950-1960 Qorayaashii dastuurkaas waxay ku kor diyaariyeen dastuurro hore u jiray. Guddigu wuxuu daraasado is-barbardhigid ah ku sameeyay dastuurro xilligoodu dhawaa iyo kuwo waqtiyo hore ahaa, sida kii Faransiiska ee 1946, Dastuurkii Jarmalka ee 1949 iyo kii Talyaaniga ee 1947. Sidoo kale, dastuurro ku saleysan qaab Madaxtooyo sida kan Mareykanka iyo Filibbiiniska ee 1935, dastuurro dalal Islaam ah ee Woqooyiga Afrika iyo Bariga Dhaw, dastuurkii Jamhuuriyaddii Masar ee 1956, dastuurkii Jamhuuriyaddii Siiriya ee Sebtember 1950 (Nidaam Baarlamaani) iyo kii 1953 (Nidaam Madaxtooyo), Boqortooyada Joordan ee 1952, Libnaan ee Maajo 1926, Ciraaq ee 1925, dastuurrada Braasiil, Eritereeya, Itoobiya, Ghana, Giriig, Hindiya, Indoneesiya, Iiraan, Meeksiko, Bakistaan iyo Portaqiiska. Waxaa kaloo lala tashaday Axdiga Qarammada Midoobay iyo Baaqa Caalamiga ee Xuquuqda Aadamiga. Laakiinse, marka xaqiiqada laga hadlo, Guddigaas Farsamo wuxuu inta badan uu ku tiirsanaa kana fikir qaadanayay qaabka dastuuriga ee Talyaaniga.
Xilligi Maxmiyadda 1950-1960 Golaha dastuur-sameynta wuxuu hawshiisii billaabay 23 Maajo, 1960 isagoo ka dooday qabyo-qoraalkii Guddiga Siyaasiga, wuxuuna yeeshay 42 fadhi muddo 31 maalmood gudahood, waxay ansixiyeen qabyo-qoraalkaas 21 Juun, 1960, taasoo ka horreysay in ka yar labo toddobaad maalintii madax- bannaanida Soomaaliya ee 1dii Luulyo, 1960. Rayn rayn ayaa lagu ansixiyay dastuurkii, waxaana soo faafiyay Madaxweynaha Kmg ee dalka, wuxuuna dhaqan galay 1dii Luulyo, 1960. Markii la anisixinayay dastuurka waxaa goobjoog aheyd 87 Xildhibaan.
Xilligii Xurriyadda 1960 Haddaba, dastuurkii 1960 wuxuu ka koobnaa gogoldhig iyo 105 Qodob. Gogoldhiggu kama uusan mid aheyn qabyo-qoraalkii uu soo gudbiyay Guddiga Farsamada sababtoo ah wuxuu ku billaabanayay magaca weyn ee Alle. Dastuurku wuxuu tilmaamayay Gole Sharci-dejin (Qod. 49), Madaxweyne iyo Madaxa Dawladda (Qod. 70 iyo Ra iisul Wasaare (Qod. 83). Mid walabana awooddiisa waa uu qeexay. Madaxweynuhu wuxuu kala diri karay Golaha Sharci-dejinta kolka uu dhageysto talada Guddoomiyaha Golahaas (Qod. 53). Hase yeeshee, dastuurku ma oggoleyn kala dirid sanadka koowaad iyo kan ugu dambeeya muddada Golahaas (Qod. 53)(3). Xildhibannada Golahaas oo la soo dooranay waxay xilka haynayeen muddo shan sano ah. Awoodda garsoorka way ka madaxbanan tahay awoodaha sharci-dejinta iyo fulinta (Qod. 92 iyo weliba Maxkamadda Sare Caddaaladda oo ku shuqul laheyd dambiyada ay galaan Madaxweynaha, Ra iisul Wasaaraha, Wasiirrada iyo Madaxda kale ee Sar e dalka. Laakiinse, Maxkamaddii Dastuuriga iyo tii Sare e Caddaaladda middoodna kama hawlgalin Soomaaliya.
Xilligii Xurriyadda 1960 Dastuurkii Somaaliya ee 1960 waxaa loo arkayay mid aad uga horreeyay marka loo eego waddammo kale oo Afrikaan ah oo qaatay nidaamka madaxtooyada kaasoo siinayay Madaxweynaha awoodo xad dhaaf ah, halka kan Soomaalida awoodda fulinta waxaa lahaa xukuumadda uu madaxa u ahaa Ra iisul Wasaaraha.
1960-1969 1960 Sharcigii Midowga Somali Defense Force Was Established Eight Regions Multi Party System Elected Parliament The first Somali President defeated in election Second Somali President Assassinated 1969 Coup d' tat
Xilligii Xurriyadda 1960 In yar ka hor madaxbanaanida Somaliya 1960, Golahii Maxmiyadda waxay dhiseen ciidan qaranka oo difaaco xuduudka Jamhuuriyadda Soomalida cusub. Waxaa lagu dhisay Sharci la ansixiyay 6dii Abriil 1960. Xurriyadda kadib, waxaa isku biiray ciidankii Daraawiishta iyo Somaliland Scouts, waxaana sameysmay ciidan gaaraya 5,000 Cidanka Qaranka ee Soomaaliyeed, waxaana madax u noqday G/Sare Daud Abdulle Hirsi.
Xilligii Xurriyadda 1960 Ciidankii waa la balaariyay waana la casriyeeyay, waxayna taageero ka heleen Midowga Sofyeetiha
1969-1979 1969 Suspended the Constitution First Paper of the Revolution Second Paper of the Revolution Socialist Constitution One Party System (SSP) 1979 War with Ethiopia
1979-1990 1979 Eighteen Regions Formed Armed Oppositions Formed New Constitution was Drafted Internal Economic & Political Unrest Civil War 1990
1990-2000 Full Scale Civil War 1990 Northern Regions Declared Independence Warlord Era Humanitarian Crises UN Intervention (Peace Keeping Force) Peace Reconciliation Conferences ARTA Conference (Interim Government) 2000 TNC, TNG & TMP
2000-2010 2000 2010
2010- 2010 Up to 2012
