Energy Data Collection and Usage in Ghana

The presentation outlines the importance of reliable energy data for policy decision-making and regulation, highlighting Ghana's legal framework, data collection framework, administrative data sources, benefits, challenges, and conclusions. It emphasizes the critical role of statistics in policy development, implementation, and monitoring at both national and international levels.

• Energy statistics
• Ghana
• Data collection
• Policy decision-making
• Administrative sources

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1. 10thMEETING OF OSLO GROUP OF ENERGY STATISTICS at Aguascalientes, Mexico 10th 13THMAY, 2016 The use of Administrative Sources in Energy Data Collection in Ghana by Salifu Addo Energy Commission, Ghana 9/27/2024 1

2. Presentation Outline Introduction Legal Framework Data Collection Framework Overview of Ghana Energy Statistics Administrative Data Sources Benefits of Administrative Data Challenges Conclusion 9/27/2024 2

3. Introduction Reliable and detailed data are critical for informed policy decision making and effective regulation. Statistics plays a very important role in the development, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies at both national and international level. 9/27/2024 3

4. Legal Framework Legal framework for energy data collection was enshrined in the Energy Commission Act (Act 541) which was passed by the Parliament of Ghana in 1997 Act mandates the Commission to collect energy data to; Perform its regulatory and policy advisory functions Serve as a repository of energy data for research by establishing an energy database 9/27/2024 4

5. Data Collection Framework ELECTRICITY Generation VRA, IPPs; Transmission, Import/Export GRIDCo Distribution ECG, NEDCo, ENCLAVE Consumption/Sales ECG, NEDCo, ENCLAVE WOODFUELS PETROLEUM Charcoal Export - GCNet Crude oil Reserve/Prod GNPC, PC Refined Products TOR Import/Export TOR, NPA Consumption NPA, ENERGY COMMISSION OTHERS Demographic & Macroeconomic data - GSS ENERGY PRICES SURVEYS Sectoral Energy Consumption by fuel type etc Electricity PURC Petroleum - NPA 9/27/2024 5

6. 9/27/2024 6

7. Total Primary Energy Supply 9/27/2024 7

8. Final Energy Consumption by Fuels Increased from 3,299 ktoe in 1980 to 7,237 ktoe in 2015 9/27/2024 8

9. Installed Electricity Generation Capacity 2000 2010 2015 Source MW 1,072 470 0 1,542 Share (%) 70 30 0 100 MW 1,180 985 0 2,165 Share (%) 55 45 0 100 MW 1,580 2,053 23 3,656 Share (%) 43 56 1 100 Hydro Thermal Renewable (solar) Total 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 2000 2010 2015 Solar Thermal Hydro 9/27/2024 9

10. Electricity Generation 14,000 Solar Thermal Hydro 12,000 10,000 8,000 GWh 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Solar 0% Solar 0% Thermal 9% Thermal 49% Hydro 51% Hydro 91% Total in 2015: 11,492 GWh Total in 2000: 7,223 GWh 9/27/2024 10

11. Energy Balance 2014, ktoe SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION Natural Gas Petroleum Products Crude Oil Wood Charcoal Hydro Solar Electricity Total Indigenous Production 5,435.0 52.6 - 3,628.7 - 721.3 0.3 - 9,837.8 Imports 707.1 568.0 3,512.1 - - - - 4.4 4,791.6 Exports -5,446.5 - 0.0 -0.4 - - -44.9 -5,491.7 - International Marine Bunkers - - -11.0 - - - - - -11.0 International Aviation Bunkers - - -105.6 - - - - - -105.6 Stock Changes 149.9 - -64.7 - - - - - 85.2 Total Energy Supply 845.4 620.6 3,330.8 3,628.7 -0.4 721.3 0.3 -40.5 9,106.3 Electricity Plants -599.7 -595.6 -1.5 - - -721.3 -0.3 1,114.8 -803.6 Oil Refinery -177.3 - 131.2 - - - - - -46.1 Other Transformation - - - -2,049.0 1,212.4 - - - -836.6 Own use -12.1 - - - - - - -5.0 -17.1 Losses -51.2 - - - - - - -150.4 -201.6 Final Energy Consumption - - 3,271.9 1,579.7 1,212.0 - - 919.8 6,983.4 Residential Sector - - 185.0 1,304.8 1,101.7 - - 396.0 2,987.6 Commerce & Services Sector - - 15.0 31.6 106.7 - - 208.3 361.6 Industry - - 357.6 243.3 3.6 - - 314.9 919.4 Agriculture & Fisheries Sector - - 104.5 - - - - 0.2 104.7 Transport - - 2,609.8 - - - - 0.5 2,610.3 Statistical Difference 5.1 25.0 -82.9 - - - - -0.9 -53.7 9/27/2024 11

12. Energy Balance 2015, ktoe SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION Crude Oil Natural Gas Petroleum Products Wood Charcoal Hydro Solar Electricity Total Indigenous Production 5,669.7 662.4 - 3,738.7 - 502.7 0.3 - 10,573.8 Imports 316.7 519.8 3,897.9 - - - - 19.2 4,753.6 Exports -5,312.7 - 0.0 -0.7 - - -50.5 -5,363.9 - International Marine Bunkers - - -10.8 - - - - - -10.8 International Aviation Bunkers - - -108.1 - - - - - -108.1 Stock Changes -71.4 - - - - - - - -71.4 Total Energy Supply 602.3 1,182.2 3,779.0 3,738.7 -0.7 502.7 0.3 -31.3 9,773.2 Electricity Plants -235.5 -1,059.9 -1.0 - - -502.7 -0.3 988.3 -811.1 Oil Refinery -105.9 - 94.5 - - - - - -11.4 Other Transformation - - - -2,143.2 1,269.7 - - - -873.6 Own use 0.0 - - - - - - -2.7 -2.7 Losses -48.8 - - - - - - -120.0 -168.7 Final Energy Consumption - - 3,543.8 1,595.2 1,269.0 - - 829.0 7,237.0 Residential Sector - - 200.4 1,317.6 1,153.5 - - 402.9 3,074.4 Commerce & Services Sector - - 16.2 31.9 111.7 - - 175.4 335.2 Industry - - 387.3 245.7 3.8 - - 250.1 886.9 Agriculture & Fisheries Sector - - 113.2 - - - - 0.2 113.3 Transport - - 2,826.7 - - - - 0.3 2,827.0 Statistical Difference 9/27/2024 212.1 122.3 140.8 - - - - 5.4 480.5 12

13. Administrative Data Source Electricity Data Electricity Generation Data Daily report from Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA); Generation Import & Export Peak load etc Quarterly performance report from electricity generators; Annual data; 9/27/2024 13

14. Administrative Data Source contd Electricity Distribution and Sales Quarterly performance statistics from DISCOs to meet regulatory requirement; Annual data from DISCOs; Data include; Electricity purchased from GENCOs; Electricity sale to customers (in quantity (GWh) and revenue generated (GHS)); Distribution losses (Technical & Commercial losses); Street & Public lighting consumption; 9/27/2024 14

15. Administrative Data Source contd Petroleum Crude Oil and Natural Gas production Daily production report : from GNPC Crude Oil production Natural gas production; flared, re-injected Export Monthly & annual data for reconciliation; 9/27/2024 15

16. Administrative Data Source contd Refinery Production TEMA OIL REFINERY MONITORING & CONTROL DEPT. METRIC TONNES CRUDE OIL IMPORTS CRUDE OIL EXPORTS(VRA REPLACEMENT) CRUDE OIL INTAKE IMPORTED FEED TO RFCC GRANDTOTAL FEED THROUGHPUT GASOLINES(PUSH INTO CRUDE OIL) KEROSENE(PUSH INTO CRUDE OIL) GASOIL(PUSH INTO CRUDE OIL) FUEL OILS/SLOP (PUSH INTO CRUDE OIL) SHUTDOWN CONS. & LOSSES (1) ON-STREAM CONS. & LOSSES (2) TOTAL CONS & LOSS TOTAL CONS. TOTAL LOSS % C&L (2) ON GRANDTOTAL FEED % TOTAL C&L ON THROUGHPUT % TOTAL CONS. ON THROUGHPUT % TOTAL LOSS ON THROUGHPUT SERVICE FACTOR ( % ) CAPACITY UTILIIZATION ( % ) OPERATING RATE P R O D U C T I O N L. P. G. GASOLINES KEROSENE A. T. K. GASOIL RESIDUAL FUEL OIL T O T A L :- JAN. FEB. MAR. 6,169 0 0 0 6 Quarterly production data received from refinery Data include Crude oil imported for refinery Total crude intake Consumption & losses Petroleum product produced 0 23,827 41,567 18,016 6,598 24,614 78,344 0 0 23,151 88,383 41,390 117,821 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9,201 534 9,735 1,169 8,565 2.31 11.01 1.32 9.69 25.63 51.83 13.29 13,627 16,003 29,630 2,740 11,398 38.66 25.15 2.33 9.67 46.62 52.43 24.44 5,643 7,365 13,007 2,680 9,207 29.92 16.60 3.42 11.75 15.87 59.97 9.52 Annual data collected for quality checks and reconciliation 0 0 306 8,300 672 2,257 5,075 334 2,500 15,944 452 2,396 5,622 8,031 34,945 16 8,468 335 4,177 9,126 0 0 16,609 22,441 9/27/2024

17. Administrative Data Source contd Crude oil and Petroleum Product Import Monthly Summary 2015 Months Product Outturn (MT) Total Value of Cargo (USD) Crude 61,133.130 $0.00 Fuel Oil - $0.00 Gasoil 443,186.420 $287,191,420.16 Jan Gasoline 71,207.671 $45,192,062.27 LPG 20,658.647 $10,709,637.95 ATK 12,422.972 $8,724,383.43 TOTAL 608,608.840 $351,817,503.81 Crude 34,083.862 $0.00 Fuel Oil - $0.00 Gasoil 87,351.832 $51,147,012.84 Feb Gasoline 102,975.175 $61,468,380.51 LPG 17,708.096 $9,052,680.73 ATK - $0.00 TOTAL 242,118.965 $121,668,074.08 Crude 40,013.620 $0.00 Fuel Oil - $0.00 Gasoil 111,717.090 $75,616,362.36 Mar Gasoline 124,118.820 $88,140,961.46 LPG 13,484.091 $8,297,959.78 ATK 5,924.423 $4,164,211.39 TOTAL 295,258.044 $176,219,494.99 Quarterly data collected from NPA petroleum downstream regulator 9/27/2024 17

18. Administrative Data Source contd Petroleum Product Consumption data Monthly & Quarterly data from NPA Annual data collected for reconciliation and validation NATIONAL CONSUMPTION, 2015 IN METRIC TONS (MT) Gasoil (Mines) Gasoil ( Rigs) 3,888 965 1,697 MGO Local 2,485 2,924 2,200 MGO Foreign 228 423 1,108 2015 Fuel oil Gas oil Kerosene L.P G Premium Premix ATK (Lts) Jan-15 Feb-15 Mar-15 1,539 1,358 595 124,992 17,649 134,895 19,000 147,265 20,577 1,025 283 813 22,176 21,992 21,216 103,320 93,614 95,338 5,160 3,510 4,999 8,197 6,904 6,423 9/27/2024 18

19. Administrative Data Sources - Benefits Minimizes cost o Reducing cost of undertaking surveys Reduces data collection errors o Data collected covers all entities engaged in that activity Source of information for planning surveys o Useful source of information to be used as sampling frames for undertaking surveys More efficient Uses data already in existence thus avoiding duplication of work 9/27/2024 19

20. Challenges Legal barriers and obligations o Public institutions/regulators hence not obliged to provide data Timeliness o Data not provided on a timely basis to meet publication deadlines Increased workload o More work added to the officer in charge Data quality o data collected to serve a particular purpose not necessarily for energy statistics o Regulatory requirement; manipulation of data 9/27/2024 20

21. Conclusion Administrative data will continue to be an important source of information for energy statisticians; Reduces respondents burden, cost and increased output Continuous dialogue and cooperation with institutions/officers, and always ensuring a win - win situation 9/27/2024 21

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