Effective Conclusion Writing Strategies in Winter Intensive 2013 Class 3
Winter Intensive 2013
Class 3
Soka University
World Language Center
Sou Koike
Table of Contents
I.
Writing an effective conclusion
–
Restatement of position/ reason statements
–
What you should
not
do in your conclusion
–
Example statement & explanation
II.
Paraphrasing
–
Basic information
–
How-to
–
Drill
–
Peer feedback
–
Whole-class review: Feedback on volunteers’ works
III.
Graded In-Class Assignment (GICA) #02
–
Conclusion/ Paraphrasing
WRITING AN
EFFECTIVE
CONCLUSION
Winter Intensive 2013 Class 3
Restatement of
position/ reason statement
Summarizing any
argument in the work
A final statement
about the correctness
Restating the position
and reason
2-3 sentences
Sample
Do you agre
e with the following statement?
Parents should select their children’s
friends carefully to make sure those friends reflect proper values.
Use specific
reasons and examples to support your answer.
In conclusion, there are many reasons why parents should not pick friends for their
children. Children who are allowed to pick their own friends will be more independent
and will get along better with friends they’ve selected.
One reason I believe that
parents should let
children pick their friends
is that children need to
develop independence.
Another reason I think
parents should let
children pick their friends
is that children may
resent a parent who
picks their friends.
In addition to the
feelings of resentment
a
child may have, a final
reason
parents should
n
o
t pick their friends
is
that the children may
not get along very well.
What you should
not
do
in your conclusion
Don
’
t
introduce new
examples or
ideas.
Don
’
t
leave
out the thesis.
Drill 1
Summarizing any argument in the work
1.
It is the teacher’s responsibility to make
a student learn the material.
2.
Material on the Internet should be
censored or controlled to protect the
public.
3.
Colleges and universities should offer
more distance learning courses to
accommodate the needs of students.
4.
When choosing a career, financial gain
should be the most important
consideration.
5.
Schools should have mandatory testing
each year to prove they are meeting
minimum educational standards.
2-3 sentences
Restating the position and reason
A final statement about the correctness
PARAPHRASING
Winter Intensive 2013 Class 3
Definition
The act of expressing the meaning of
(the writer or speaker or something
written or spoken) using different
words, esp. to achieve greater clarity
Basic information
Understand as a
whole
Think of what “your
own words” would be
Be selective
Remember the length
can be the same or
longer
How-to
Look away
from the
source
Take notes
Samples (1)
Original: Her life spanned years of incredible change for women.
Paraphrase: Mary lived through an era of liberating reform for women.
Original: Giraffes like Acacia leaves and hay and they can consume 75 pounds
of food a day.
Paraphrase: A giraffe can eat up to 75 pounds of Acacia leaves and hay
everyday.
Original: Any trip to Italy should include a visit to Tuscany to sample their
exquisite wines.
Paraphrase: Be sure to include a Tuscan wine-tasting experience when visiting
Italy.
Samples (2)
Original Passage:
It is well known that exercise
helps to alleviate stress. The
National Heart, Lung and
Blood Association (NHLBA)
endorse exercise as a way to
reduce stress, and
recommends cardiovascular
exercise that elevates the
heart rate for 15 to 30
minutes--three to four times a
week. The American
Psychology Association has
conducted numerous studies
indicating the beneficial
effects of exercise in dealing
with stress. Exercise releases
endorphins into the blood
stream. Endorphins are "feel
good" hormones and are the
body's natural pain-killers.
They also generate the
sensory perception of physical
well-being, which in turn
contributes to emotional and
mental health.
Paraphrased Passage #1:
Everyone knows that exercise
can help to alleviate stress. In
fact, the National Heart, Lung
and Blood Association
endorse exercise as a good
way to cut down on stress and
suggests that we need
cardiovascular exercise for 15
to 30 minutes three to four
times a week. There have also
been many studies by the
American Psychology
Association that show that
exercise is a good way to deal
with stress. This is because
exercise releases endorphins,
the "feel good" hormones,
into the blood. These
hormones also bring about
the perception of well-being,
so emotional and mental
health improves.
Paraphrased Passage #2:
We all know that exercise is
necessary to help us to lose
weight and to fight off
potentially deadly diseases.
But there are two other
extremely good reasons to get
off the couch and get moving:
exercise will make us feel
good and can help us fight
stress. This is because when
we exercise, our bodies
release "feel good" hormones
called endorphins into our
blood stream. As a result, we
feel better both physically and
emotionally. And, according
to the National heart, Lung
and Blood Association, all we
have to do to get this natural
high is elevate our heart rates
for 15 to 30 minutes, three to
four times a week. Seems like
a good trade to me.
Drill 2
1.
Kevin is tossing the boll to his son.
2.
I like hamburgers.
3.
It is bad for your health to eat too much.
4.
Jennifer is 37 years old, but she looks younger.
5.
Tom is one of the three members who met the president
yesterday.
6.
What do you like to do on weekends?
7.
Where is Atsushi?
8.
This university was founded in 1971.
9.
Anthony has had a terrible headache since yesterday.
10.
You may pick ice cream or melon for dessert.
GICA #03
30 minutes
Online dictionaries
available
10 sentences,
1 paragraph
Remember the length
can be the same or
longer
Enhance your conclusion writing skills by mastering the art of restating positions, avoiding common pitfalls, and providing strong reasoning. Explore real-life examples and best practices from Winter Intensive 2013 Class 3 at Soka University World Language Center.
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Presentation Transcript
Winter Intensive 2013 Class 3 Soka University World Language Center Sou Koike
Table of Contents I. Writing an effective conclusion Restatement of position/ reason statements What you should not do in your conclusion Example statement & explanation II. Paraphrasing Basic information How-to Drill Peer feedback Whole-class review: Feedback on volunteers works III. Graded In-Class Assignment (GICA) #02 Conclusion/ Paraphrasing
Winter Intensive 2013 Class 3 WRITING AN EFFECTIVE CONCLUSION
Restatement of position/ reason statement Summarizing any argument in the work Restating the position and reason A final statement about the correctness 2-3 sentences
Sample Do you agree with the following statement? Parents should select their children s friends carefully to make sure those friends reflect proper values. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. In addition to the feelings of resentment a child may have, a final reason parents should not pick their friends is that the children may not get along very well. Another reason I think parents should let children pick their friends is that children may resent a parent who picks their friends. One reason I believe that parents should let children pick their friends is that children need to develop independence. In conclusion, there are many reasons why parents should not pick friends for their children. Children who are allowed to pick their own friends will be more independent and will get along better with friends they ve selected.
What you should not do in your conclusion Don t Don t leave out the thesis. introduce new examples or ideas.
Drill 1 1. It is the teacher s responsibility to make a student learn the material. Summarizing any argument in the work 2. Material on the Internet should be censored or controlled to protect the public. Restating the position and reason 3. Colleges and universities should offer more distance learning courses to accommodate the needs of students. A final statement about the correctness 4. When choosing a career, financial gain should be the most important consideration. 5. Schools should have mandatory testing each year to prove they are meeting minimum educational standards. 2-3 sentences
Winter Intensive 2013 Class 3 PARAPHRASING
Definition The act of expressing the meaning of (the writer or speaker or something written or spoken) using different words, esp. to achieve greater clarity
Basic information Understand as a whole Be selective Remember the length can be the same or longer Think of what your own words would be
How-to Look away from the source Take notes
Samples (1) Original: Her life spanned years of incredible change for women. Paraphrase: Mary lived through an era of liberating reform for women. Original: Giraffes like Acacia leaves and hay and they can consume 75 pounds of food a day. Paraphrase: A giraffe can eat up to 75 pounds of Acacia leaves and hay everyday. Original: Any trip to Italy should include a visit to Tuscany to sample their exquisite wines. Paraphrase: Be sure to include a Tuscan wine-tasting experience when visiting Italy.
Samples (2) Original Passage: It is well known that exercise helps to alleviate stress. The National Heart, Lung and Blood Association (NHLBA) endorse exercise as a way to reduce stress, and recommends cardiovascular exercise that elevates the heart rate for 15 to 30 minutes--three to four times a week. The American Psychology Association has conducted numerous studies indicating the beneficial effects of exercise in dealing with stress. Exercise releases endorphins into the blood stream. Endorphins are "feel good" hormones and are the body's natural pain-killers. They also generate the sensory perception of physical well-being, which in turn contributes to emotional and mental health. Paraphrased Passage #1: Everyone knows that exercise can help to alleviate stress. In fact, the National Heart, Lung and Blood Association endorse exercise as a good way to cut down on stress and suggests that we need cardiovascular exercise for 15 to 30 minutes three to four times a week. There have also been many studies by the American Psychology Association that show that exercise is a good way to deal with stress. This is because exercise releases endorphins, the "feel good" hormones, into the blood. These hormones also bring about the perception of well-being, so emotional and mental health improves. Paraphrased Passage #2: We all know that exercise is necessary to help us to lose weight and to fight off potentially deadly diseases. But there are two other extremely good reasons to get off the couch and get moving: exercise will make us feel good and can help us fight stress. This is because when we exercise, our bodies release "feel good" hormones called endorphins into our blood stream. As a result, we feel better both physically and emotionally. And, according to the National heart, Lung and Blood Association, all we have to do to get this natural high is elevate our heart rates for 15 to 30 minutes, three to four times a week. Seems like a good trade to me.
Drill 2 1. Kevin is tossing the boll to his son. 2. I like hamburgers. 3. It is bad for your health to eat too much. 4. Jennifer is 37 years old, but she looks younger. 5. Tom is one of the three members who met the president yesterday. 6. What do you like to do on weekends? 7. Where is Atsushi? 8. This university was founded in 1971. 9. Anthony has had a terrible headache since yesterday. 10. You may pick ice cream or melon for dessert.
GICA #03 10 sentences, 1 paragraph 30 minutes Remember the length can be the same or longer Online dictionaries available
