Drama: Definition, Origin, and Elements
Drama is a major form of literature presented before an audience, imitating life through action and dialogue. Originating from Greek word 'dran,' drama has evolved through history in various cultures like Greek, English, and Indian, showcasing themes, characters, and elements such as plot, dialogue, music, and spectacle.
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DRAMA: DEFINITION, ORIGIN AND ELEMENTS MRS. SNEHAL R. PRABHUNE, MAHILA MAAHVIDYALAYA, KARAD 1
DRAMA- ORIGIN AND MEANING Derived from Greek word dran meaning to act , do or perform Major form of literature Presented before an audience Characters communicate the message to the audience through dialogues and actions Imitation of life in the form of action Represents/mirrors life, customs, manners and general habits of the people In short period, desired effect communicated effectively 2 MRS. SNEHAL R. PRABHUNE, MAHILA MAHAVIDYALAYA, KARAD
DRAMA-DEFINITION Drama is a composition in verse or prose intended to portray life or character or tell a story usually involving conflicts and emotions through actions and dialogue for theatrical performance. -Webster s English Dictionary Drama is a composition designed for performance in the theatre, in which actors take the roles of the characters, perform the indicated action and utter the written dialogue. -A Glossary of Literary Terms (M. H. Abrams) MRS. SNEHAL R. PRABHUNE, MAHILA MAHAVIDYALAYA, KARAD 3
DRAMA- EVOLUTION Role playing for teaching Rituals, ceremonies to pass on traditions in oral form Creative attempts to explain the inexplicable Entertainment Oral story telling to narrative in dialogue Association with music and dance MRS. SNEHAL R. PRABHUNE, MAHILA MAHAVIDYALAYA, KARAD 4
GREEK DRAMA, ENGLISH DRAMA, INDIAN DRAMA Greek Drama- and singing honouring the Greek god Dionysus, the god of wine -open air amphitheatre English Drama- -similar to development of Greek drama in religious rituals -stages: Mysteries, Miracles, Morality Plays, Interludes, Drama proper (tragedy and comedy) 543 BC , choral performance of dancing MRS. SNEHAL R. PRABHUNE, MAHILA MAHAVIDYALAYA, KARAD 5
GREEK DRAMA, ENGLISH DRAMA, INDIAN DRAMA (CONTINUED) Indian Drama- drama Alexander the Great) -Developed at the same time as Greek - Folk, religious rituals -Influence of Greek invasion-327 BC (of MRS. SNEHAL R. PRABHUNE, MAHILA MAHAVIDYALAYA, KARAD 6
ELEMENTS OF DRAMA Plot Characters Theme/ Thought Dialogue/ Diction Music/ Rhythm Spectacle/ visual Effects MRS. SNEHAL R. PRABHUNE, MAHILA MAHAVIDYALAYA, KARAD 7
PLOT Plot: the sequence of events in a play, revolves around the central conflict Plot structure: Gustav Freytag pyramidal shape Climax Falling Action Rising Action (Complication) Denoument/ Catastrophe Exposition Types: i) Simple ii) Complex MRS. SNEHAL R. PRABHUNE, MAHILA MAHAVIDYALAYA, KARAD 8
CHARACTERS Agents who move the action/ plot Types: Protagonist x Antagonist -Static x Dynamic -Flat x Round - Major x Minor MRS. SNEHAL R. PRABHUNE, MAHILA MAHAVIDYALAYA, KARAD 9
THOUGHT/ THEME Meaning of the play, main idea or lesson/ message It could be obvious or subtle MRS. SNEHAL R. PRABHUNE, MAHILA MAHAVIDYALAYA, KARAD 10
DIALOGUE/ DICTION Words spoken by the characters Types: Dialogue Soliloquy Monologue Aside Significance: MRS. SNEHAL R. PRABHUNE, MAHILA MAHAVIDYALAYA, KARAD 11
MUSIC/ RHYTHM Chorus Metre Music and /or dance MRS. SNEHAL R. PRABHUNE, MAHILA MAHAVIDYALAYA, KARAD 12
SPECTACLE/ VISUAL EFFECTS Scenery Costumes Special Effects MRS. SNEHAL R. PRABHUNE, MAHILA MAHAVIDYALAYA, KARAD 13
