AYSO Region 76 12U Coaching Course 2022 Overview
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
1
AYSO Region 76
12U Coaching Course – 2022
Michael Karlin
A
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Classroom – 9:00 to 11:30 am
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Pre-Course Review, Quiz 1
•
AYSO Fundamentals
•
Six Philosophies
•
Development Over Winning
•
Team Management
•
Coaching Methods
•
Age Characteristics and Environment
•
Coaching Moments
•
Training Management
•
Coaching Cycle
•
Build-up
•
Other Aspects of Training
•
Objective and Principles of the Game
•
Game Day Management
•
Quiz 2 and wrap up
•
Field session – 12 to 3 pm
•
Appendices:
•
Laws of the Game
•
Field sessions
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
2
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Regional Commissioner – Ji Lee
commissioner@ayso76.org
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Coach Administrator – Gil Bar-Zion
coach@ayso76.org
•
Boys 12U Division Director – Frank Chechel –
FChechel@ayso76.org
•
Girls 12U Division Director – Kim Frenkel –
KFrenkel@ayso76.org
•
Our website:
•
Public:
www.ayso76.org
•
Registered users:
www.ayso76.net
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
3
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Pre-Course Review, Quiz 1
Development Over Winning
Coaching Methodology
Age Characteristics and Environment
Coaching Moments
Quality Training
Coaching Cycle
12U Training Session
Introduction to Periodization
Quiz 2
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
4
A
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s
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Vision Statement: To provide world class youth
soccer programs that enrich children’s lives
•
Mission Statement: To develop and deliver quality
youth soccer programs, which promote a fun,
family environment based on our philosophies
•
AYSO Six Philosophies
•
Everyone Plays – 2 and 3 quarter rule – we mean it!
•
Open Registration – we take everyone
•
Balanced Teams – no requests or player retention
•
Positive Coaching – be nice
•
Good Sportsmanship – teach the players to be nice
•
Player Development – improve players skills
August 6 and 14, 2022
5
12U Coaching Course
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Defined as improving all players’ individual and team
skills to their maximum potential
•
The program must meet the desire of players and their
families for recreation that is safe, fun and educational
•
I
T
’
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N
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A
B
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!
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.
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The program must also be
rewarding for coaches
.
•
Coaches are volunteers, quite a few with limited
experience as educators and with the game of soccer
•
To help them, we will provide and, in some cases,
mandate the use of a wide variety of additional training
and resources
August 6 and 14, 2022
6
12U Coaching Course
B
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W
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“Failing to prepare is
preparing to fail.”
John Wooden
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
7
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Organizing
the Team
•
Roster and other web resources
•
Parent meeting and appointing a team administrator
•
You can now do this
•
Medical releases and Kid Zone Pledges
•
You no longer need to have medical releases. We receive these
electronically.
•
Equipment
•
Balls – size 4 for 10U and 12U (have a size 5 for yourself)
•
Cones – flat
•
Practice vests – 7 x 2 colors
•
First aid supplies (see below)
•
Deck chair
•
Practices and build-up
•
Game day preparation
August 6 and 14, 2022
8
12U Coaching Course
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Set the team goal
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Make it a pool party for the kids
•
When talking to the parents:
•
Briefly mention AYSO’s vision, mission and philosophies
•
Explain your coaching philosophy and expectations
(punctuality, communication, equipment, etc.)
•
Introduce Player and Parent Pledges
•
Introduce Kids Zone for a positive sideline
•
Discuss team goal
•
Encourage communication regarding any player injuries
•
Discuss concussion awareness, Safe Haven, etc.
•
Recruit team parents
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
9
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s
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Players have increased understanding of strategy
and tactics so small-sided games can help
develop basic attacking and defensive principles
•
Players should still rotate positions to avoid early
specialization (as well as participate in other
activities/sports)
•
Physical abilities (balance, agility, speed,
coordination, etc.) improve
•
12U is the time for “polishing” the player’s
technical skills and helping them achieve
technical efficiency
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
10
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M
o
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s
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Let them play – the game is the great teacher
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
11
T
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M
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o
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s
–
1
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P.I.E. (Positive Instruction &
Encouragement)
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Coaching Sandwich: A slice of critique inside
two slices of praise
•
Say, Show, Do and Review (explain,
demonstrate, have them do it, observe
(silently) and correct)
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
12
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–
2
•
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•
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August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
13
A
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T
h
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T
e
a
c
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i
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g
•
Keep your words short and simple
•
KNEEL and SQUAT – your players are smaller than
you and when you talk to them, you should try to avoid
looking down on them
•
If you can, demonstrate; if you cannot, get help
•
Treat your own child like other players – don’t expect
more (or less) from them; don’t focus only on them;
praise them; when the session or game is over, talk
about something else on the drive home
•
DON’T TREAT YOUR PLAYERS LIKE PIECES IN A
GAME OF SPEED CHESS
•
DON’T CRITICIZE WHAT JUST HAPPENED – THE
GAME HAS MOVED ON
•
DON’T YELL
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
14
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M
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a
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Prepare your practice before you get to the field
•
Have a lesson plan – you are a teacher and the field is
your classroom
•
Be sure there is a ball for each player
•
Players bring one each or you bring them
•
Training uniforms (white t-shirt, black shorts) promotes
team spirit
•
You have just one hour
•
Arrive early and properly dressed (no suits or dresses!)
•
Get players to arrive 15 minutes before official start time,
so they can put on cleats and get ready
•
Work with assistants to mark out spaces with flat cones
•
Warm up on the sideline if you can
•
Hydration is vital:
•
Short
, disciplined breaks, especially early in season
•
Water not sweetened drinks so players take more fluid
August 6 and 14, 2022
15
12U Coaching Course
T
r
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t
–
T
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e
L
e
s
s
o
n
P
l
a
n
•
You don’t have to make it up
•
Many training plans are in the 12U – Coaching Manual
•
Log into eTrainU, click on Document Library, currently the link
is on the 2
nd
line, 3
rd
from the left
•
Use the links in the pdf to see animated versions of drills
•
Visit
http://www.ayso76.org/Coach/coach-
resources.cfm
(we will be updating this soon)
•
Organize the session using the segments
described in the next slide
•
Don’t run laps – do activities with a ball
•
Don’t give lectures!
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
16
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t
–
S
e
s
s
i
o
n
s
•
Practices should be planned into 5 segments:
•
Warm-up (including free play with the ball) – 5-10
minutes; use dynamic not static stretches
•
Small-sided activities – 10 minutes
•
Expanded small-sided activities – 10 minutes
•
A scrimmage or game – 15-20 minutes
•
Consider 2
nd
drill (e.g., fun shooting drill) at the end – 5 minutes
•
Cool down and stretch
after
practice,
not
before
•
You don’t have to make it up. Several curricula
for 12U are available (see last slide)
•
All
activities should involve frequent touches –
NO STANDING IN LONG LINES – for a shooting
drill without lines, see the Appendix
•
If it doesn’t work, stop. Do something else.
•
Use the Coaching Cycle and concept of Build-up
August 6 and 14, 2022
17
12U Coaching Course
T
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August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
18
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•
Coach using sound methodology (P.I.E., Say, Show, Do,
Review, etc.) to increase success and develop players
•
D
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August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
19
B
u
i
l
d
-
U
p
•
Learn the concept of build-up
•
Simple to complex
•
Unopposed to opposed
•
How to build up
•
Start with no pressure – time or space
•
Limited pressure – reduce time or space; add
opponent(s)
•
Full pressure – players involved in game-like situations
•
Game conditions – game with rules designed to
emphasize what you want to teach – small-sided games
are the best way to do this
•
Give time to weaker players
– how well you coach
them will determine your team’s success
August 6 and 14, 2022
20
12U Coaching Course
T
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
a
n
d
T
a
c
t
i
c
s
•
Soccer is an individual sport
and
a team game
•
Before the age of 12, the primary emphasis has to
be on individual technique:
•
Bringing the ball under control
•
Moving with the ball
•
Kicking the ball accurately and at the right pace
•
One on one play
•
Team tactics become more important as players
get older – but understand that the key to tactical
success, spatial awareness, develops over time
and is not fully developed at 11 years old
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
21
T
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U
-
1
2
P
l
a
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s
August 6 and 14, 2022
22
12U Coaching Course
We cover techniques during the field sessions
P
o
s
i
t
i
o
n
a
l
S
k
i
l
l
s
•
Except for the keeper, in the modern game, the
technical skills are the same at every position
•
T
o
u
c
h
a
n
d
b
a
l
l
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
•
Dribbling – dribble like you run
•
Solid kicking skills
•
Awareness
•
Think where the ball may go next
•
Think what you could do to help your teammate
•
Positioning off the ball
•
On attack: Get open, meaning away from defenders
•
On defense:
•
Get ball side and goal side
•
Support your teammate
•
Be patient when challenging an attacker - go for the ball only if sure you can
get it
•
Emphasize areas of responsibility, not positions
August 6 and 14, 2022
23
12U Coaching Course
O
n
e
T
o
p
i
c
P
e
r
S
e
s
s
i
o
n
•
Focus on one topic per session
•
Resist the temptation to coach skills or correct
mistakes that are unrelated to the topic of your
session
•
R
e
p
e
t
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t
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h
e
s
a
m
e
d
r
i
l
l
u
n
t
i
l
t
h
e
y
g
e
t
i
t
r
i
g
h
t
•
For those that get it right away, vary the drill to make it
more difficult (e.g., work with the weaker foot)
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
24
For now, simply consider # of training sessions (including games)
and duration and intensity of each activity.
I
n
t
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
t
o
P
e
r
i
o
d
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
•
Periodization involves many factors including:
•
Frequency (how often you train)
•
Duration (how long you train)
•
Volume (how much you train weekly - the product of
frequency x duration)
•
Intensity (how hard you train)
From these factors you plan a performance pathway with optimal respect
to training load. The following is the AYSO National recommendation but
we cannot implement this in Region 76 in 10U or 12U
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
25
I
n
t
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
t
o
P
e
r
i
o
d
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
•
Each activity should be planned with respect to
duration, intensity, intervals/reps, duration of
intervals and recovery time.
•
Formula: Duration = # of Intervals x (Interval
duration + Rest). Example:
Activity Duration (SSG): 20 minutes
Intervals: 4 @ 4 minutes each
Rest: 1 minute
(4 min work + 1 min rest = 5 min x 4 Intervals = 20 min)
•
Intensity:
High
Med/Hi
Med
Low
•
Interval:
6-30s
30s-2min
2-3min
3-30min
•
There is a drop down menu in your Session
Planner to help you consider this.
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
26
27
S
c
r
i
m
m
a
g
e
s
a
n
d
G
a
m
e
s
•
While free play is desirable, scrimmages can also
be tuned to the practice theme. For example:
•
To teach offence:
•
Use unbalanced teams
•
Shorten the field to eliminate transition
•
To teach passing:
•
Use Hands Game
•
Alley Game - create a field with cone-demarcated passing lanes
•
Coaches:
•
Play
only
if you know what you’re doing
•
Don’t show off, don’t hog the ball, and
don’t score
•
BE CAREFUL – players are 1/3
rd
to ½ of your weight
•
Consider scrimmaging in mid-session, not the end,
so players don’t spend all practice waiting for it to
begin
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
P
o
s
i
t
i
o
n
a
l
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
i
b
i
l
i
t
i
e
s
P
o
s
i
t
i
o
n
Goalkeeper
Defender
Midfielder
Forward
O
t
h
e
r
T
e
a
m
H
a
s
B
a
l
l
Stop scoring try
Stop scoring try
Regain ball
Delay attack
Regain ball
Regain ball
Delay attack
O
w
n
T
e
a
m
H
a
s
B
a
l
l
Begin Attack
Keep Ball
Advance Ball
Advance ball
Keep Ball
Score
Advance ball
Keep ball
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
28
O
b
j
e
c
t
i
v
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
G
a
m
e
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
29
Which of these objectives is primary depends on
the player’s position relative to the ball, other
players, location on the field and time in the game
Players are taught the objectives and principles
through training sessions, not during the game
P
r
i
n
c
i
p
l
e
s
o
f
P
l
a
y
•
How to achieve your objectives
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
30
A
f
t
e
r
t
h
e
T
r
a
i
n
i
n
g
S
e
s
s
i
o
n
•
D
i
s
c
u
s
s
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
p
l
a
y
e
r
s
:
G
i
v
e
p
o
s
i
t
i
v
e
c
o
m
m
e
n
t
s
a
n
d
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
v
e
f
e
e
d
b
a
c
k
t
o
a
s
m
a
n
y
p
l
a
y
e
r
s
a
f
t
e
r
t
h
e
t
r
a
i
n
i
n
g
s
e
s
s
i
o
n
(
b
u
t
k
e
e
p
i
t
s
h
o
r
t
)
•
R
e
v
i
e
w
y
o
u
r
t
r
a
i
n
i
n
g
p
l
a
n
:
N
o
t
e
w
h
a
t
w
o
r
k
e
d
w
e
l
l
a
n
d
w
h
a
t
n
e
e
d
s
t
o
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
•
R
e
f
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
:
E
v
a
l
u
a
t
e
y
o
u
r
s
e
l
f
.
E
n
c
o
u
r
a
g
e
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
v
e
f
e
e
d
b
a
c
k
f
r
o
m
o
t
h
e
r
s
a
b
o
u
t
y
o
u
r
c
o
a
c
h
i
n
g
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
s
e
s
s
i
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
31
G
a
m
e
D
a
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
•
Punctuality and Warm-Up
•
Line-up
•
Line-up cards (use the web application; uniform order)
•
Plan your substitutions – three-quarter rule until playoffs
•
Rotate players into different positions
•
First aid supplies
•
Ice and ice packs
•
Bandages and disinfectant
•
Advil, Alleve: Don’t give it to players – leave this to
parents
August 6 and 14, 2022
32
12U Coaching Course
G
a
m
e
D
a
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
•
Bring a chair and SIT DOWN
•
KEEP QUIET DURING THE PLAY
•
Players learn best from their own mistakes
•
“If you're not making mistakes, then you're not doing
anything.” – John Wooden
•
Error prevention hurts your players
•
COACH, DON’T CRITICIZE
•
Treat your own child like any other and have
realistic expectations of them and everyone else
•
Coach before the game and at the breaks
•
Coach the substitutes
•
After the game, cool down and review
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
33
Let the game be the teacher
H
a
l
f
-
t
i
m
e
T
a
l
k
•
Keep it positive and concise. Stick to ~3 points. Guide!
•
Positive observation from 1
st
half:
“I liked how we got
additional players in their defending third, like we worked
on in training.”
•
Guided Question:
”What can we do to better protect our
central area when we are defending?”
•
Encouragement:
“The effort is awesome today, keep
working and have a great second half!”
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
34
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
o
f
P
l
a
y
•
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
o
f
P
l
a
y
•
1-3-3-2, 1-3-2-3, 1-4-3-1 (9 v 9, starting with the
goalkeeper and going on to defenders, midfielders and
attackers) OR
•
Everyone defends, everyone attacks and everyone
helps teammates nearby
•
Mobility and numbers matter more than systems
•
Whatever else you do, don’t have defenders standing
back while the forwards attack
•
In a practice, do you ask 2-3 forwards to score against 8
players?
•
Risk breakaways – they rarely score
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
35
A
p
p
e
n
d
i
x
1
–
L
a
w
s
o
f
t
h
e
G
a
m
e
•
W
h
a
t
p
l
a
y
e
r
s
(
a
n
d
c
o
a
c
h
e
s
)
n
e
e
d
t
o
k
n
o
w
•
Ball in and out of play – if part of ball is on the line, it is
in play; a ball that hasn’t fully crossed the line is not out
•
Throw-in technique – arms straight, ball over head
•
Direct v. indirect kick – 2nd touch before goal can be
scored; if IFK, referee will raise hand high
•
Handling must be
deliberate
•
Basics of offside
•
Offside position v offside
•
Cannot be offside when receiving ball directly from goal kick,
throw-in or corner
•
Stay level with last defender (not including keeper)
August 6 and 14, 2022
36
12U Coaching Course
L
a
w
s
o
f
t
h
e
G
a
m
e
•
Goalkeeper infractions
•
Don’t pick ball up on
•
Deliberate
pass back by
foot
by teammate
•
Throw-in
•
More than 6 seconds before releasing ball from hands
(but this is an anti-time wasting rule and should be
enforced with a very light touch for 12U players)
•
Handling ball up outside penalty area (but can dribble
ball (not received from deliberate pass back by foot)
into penalty area and then pick up)
•
When the other side commits the offence
•
Play the whistle
•
Leave it to the referee
•
Don’t let your players blame the referee
•
Keep quiet
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
37
L
a
w
s
o
f
t
h
e
G
a
m
e
–
1
•
The Laws were substantially revised in 2016 and
2019
•
Kickoff – ball can go backward
•
Offside restarts from where player was when he/she became offside.
(Restart used to be where he/she was originally in offside position.)
•
Denial of “obvious goal-scoring opportunity” – no red card if penalty
is given (i.e., offence inside penalty area) and defender made
legitimate attempt to play the ball (since further clarified)
•
No re-take of PK if the kicker committed an offence
•
Fake corners are disallowed
•
Laws cut nearly in half, but interpretations now folded into the laws
•
Authoritative sources:
•
https://downloads.theifab.com/downloads/laws-of-the-game-2021-
22?l=en
(LOTG)
•
http://theifab.com/document/for-football-bodies
(links to resources)
•
2019 to 2021 changes, summarized on next slide
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
38
L
a
w
s
o
f
t
h
e
G
a
m
e
–
2
•
More in 2019 – highlights relevant to children
•
Coin toss winner can choose sides or to kickoff
•
Many technical changes to handball rules
•
Goal disallowed if ball came off attacker’s hand or arm or off referee
•
But (2020-21 change) only if it occurs immediately before a goal or obvious goal-scoring
opportunity)
•
No handball if ball knocked onto hand by player or nearby opponent or if
player handles while trying to break fall; or hand/arm close to body and
player has not made their body “unnaturally bigger” (judgment call)
•
Handball if hand or arm
above bottom of armpit
(except if bounces off
own body)
•
GK may handle ball to retrieve failed release of ball into play (klutz rule)
•
No contested drop ball; team last touching the ball gets
it; if in penalty area, goalkeeper gets it
•
No attackers in a defensive wall of 3 or more
•
GK or FK in penalty area in play as soon as kicked (i.e.,
ball does not need to leave the penalty area)
•
Yellow and Red Cards for coaches!
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
39
L
a
w
s
o
f
t
h
e
G
a
m
e
–
3
•
2021-22 clarifications” regarding handball – some of this
is a little subtle. It is an offence if a player:
•
deliberately touches the ball with their hand/arm, for example
moving the hand/arm towards the ball
•
touches the ball with their hand/arm when it has made their body
unnaturally bigger. Body is unnaturally bigger when the position of
player’s hand/arm is not a consequence of, or justifiable by, the
player’s body movement for that specific situation. By having their
hand/arm in such a position, the player takes a risk of their
hand/arm being hit by the ball and being penalized
•
scores in the opponents’ goal:
•
directly from their hand/arm, even if accidental, including by the
goalkeeper
•
immediately after the ball has touched their hand/arm, even if
accidental
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
40
F
i
e
l
d
S
e
s
s
i
o
n
s
•
R
e
q
u
i
r
e
d
e
l
e
m
e
n
t
s
•
T
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
s
•
Dribbling
•
Inside of the Foot – Ball Control
•
Sole of the Foot – Ball Control
•
Top of the Thigh – Ball Control
•
Instep Kick
•
Inside of the Foot – Push Pass
•
Throw-In
•
Tackling – Front Block
•
Goalkeeping – try to put everyone in goal for at least a quarter
•
B
u
i
l
d
u
p
t
h
e
t
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
s
•
T
r
a
i
n
i
n
g
g
a
m
e
s
August 6 and 14, 2022
41
12U Coaching Course
P
a
s
s
i
n
g
W
a
r
m
-
U
p
s
•
Three players – standard configuration (see below)
•
Multiple players in small space
•
The weave
•
Short-sided keep away game 5 v 1
5 v 2
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
42
3
1
2
3
1
2
1
3
2
2
3
1
1
3
2
etc.
C
o
a
c
h
i
n
g
P
a
c
e
–
A
S
i
m
p
l
e
D
r
i
l
l
•
Basic idea: Make short, medium and longer
square passes into the path of receiver in motion
•
Key: Receiver collects ball without slowing down
•
Multiple variations possible
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
43
Handball Game
Keep field quite small (30 x 25 yards)
Object is to find open space near (but not too close to) teammates
To score, all players must catch ball, then throw to their “goal catcher”
Stop play to stress need to spread out and OK to pass back
No offside (so red forward is available for quick pass)
Variation/progression: Maximum of 3 steps before passing
Progression: Alternate throw in air, then roll on ground
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
44
A
l
l
e
y
G
a
m
e
•
Variations:
•
Basic: 1 red in one lane, 1 blue in the other
•
1 red and 1 blue in each lane
•
Anyone can go into lane with ball; while there, player is “safe”
•
Coaching points
•
Player in safe zone should pass back, not at goalkeeper
•
Midfield player should trail safe zone player (option for pass back)
Safe zone
Safe zone
Safe zone
Safe zone
4-6
yards
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
45
C
o
a
c
h
i
n
g
t
h
e
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
B
a
l
l
•
Basic set-up
•
Teach the through ball with cones (which obviously can’t move)
•
Then with passive defenders (who can stick foot out but can’t move)
•
Then with active defenders (who can intercept or play offside trap)
•
The defenders face the passer. Passing between them
forces them to turn and chase the ball
•
Receiver needs to stay onside until pass made
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
46
1.
3.
2.
C
o
a
c
h
i
n
g
t
h
e
P
a
s
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
P
u
l
l
B
a
c
k
•
Drill:
•
Zero pressure – move up the sideline and pass the ball diagonally
backward into path of forward
•
Passive pressure 1 – same, but with defender shadowing
•
Passive pressure 2 – move ball up sideline, with no defender to
prevent pass; GK plus two or three defenders in goal area; two or
three attackers outside goal area
•
Variation: Attackers start in goal area and one or more draw
back
•
Active pressure – same but with defender allowed to block the
pass; give the passer a head start
•
Do this drill from the right, then from the left
•
Teach the pull back as an alternative to simply beating the
defender for speed
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
47
C
o
a
c
h
i
n
g
t
h
e
P
u
l
l
B
a
c
k
–
B
a
s
i
c
D
i
a
g
r
a
m
s
1
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
48
•
White – winger and receiver;
no defender; red = flat
cones
•
Receiver(s) starts back,
then starts forward and
draws back. Receiver
needs to stay onside (level
or behind winger)
W
R
C
o
a
c
h
i
n
g
t
h
e
P
u
l
l
B
a
c
k
–
B
a
s
i
c
D
i
a
g
r
a
m
s
2
August 6 and 14, 2022
12U Coaching Course
49
W
X
•
White – winger and receiver;
black – defender; red = flat
cones
•
Black starts out passive,
shadowing the winger, and
becomes active only once
White passes Cone X
•
Receiver(s) starts back, then
starts forward and draws
back. Receiver needs to stay
onside
R
X
Teaching Shooting Without Lines
5 players – GK plus 2 on one side of goal, 2 on the other
Basic set-up: Player shoots; if GK saves, turns and feeds to player on
opposite side of goal; if ball passes GK, player on opposite side has ball
and can shoot
Progressions
Player with ball takes ball toward goal, turns and lays it off for teammate
Player passes the ball sharply to GK who parries it for other player to follow up
Player with ball runs wide of goal and passes angled ball back to teammate
August 6 and 14, 2022
50
12U Coaching Course
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
•
Before you do anything else, watch pros in action:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xm33Z_2sZj8
or
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-ZSoZScqBU
•
Videos or animations of the drills shown in the AYSO 12U Manual starting at
page 70 – use the web links
•
Watch some skills training videos (Coerver’s are expensive but the best) – more
information can be found at
http://www.playgreatsoccer.com
•
We like
www.soccerclinics.com
and
www.grassrootscoaching.com/
because of
the animated diagrams – but there are subscription fees
•
www.soccerxpert.com
has lots of free drills
•
Schedule free practice session with Serie A coaches or have a senior coach
mentor you at a game: Contact the coach administrator (
coach@ayso76.org
)
•
Our own regional website –
http://www.ayso76.org/Coach/coach-resources.cfm
,
with links to various resources including Michael’s video, “Coaching Kicking”
•
Laws of the Game
also at
www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/documentlibrary/doclists/laws.html#laws
•
U.S. Soccer Federation resources -
http://www.ussoccer.com/referees/resource-center
•
AYSO Resources:
http://www.aysovolunteers.org/
August 6 and 14, 2022
51
12U Coaching Course
AYSO Region 76 is offering a comprehensive 12U Coaching Course in August 2022. The course covers key aspects of coaching philosophy, team management, player development, and game strategies. Participants will engage in classroom sessions, field training, and quizzes to enhance their coaching skills. Contact information for key officials and the organization's mission and philosophies are also provided. Join to improve as a coach and contribute to youth soccer development.
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Presentation Transcript
AYSO Region 76 12U Coaching Course 2022 Michael Karlin August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 1
Agenda Classroom 9:00 to 11:30 am Pre-Course Review, Quiz 1 AYSO Fundamentals Six Philosophies Development Over Winning Team Management Coaching Methods Age Characteristics and Environment Coaching Moments Training Management Coaching Cycle Build-up Other Aspects of Training Objective and Principles of the Game Game Day Management Quiz 2 and wrap up Field session 12 to 3 pm Appendices: Laws of the Game Field sessions August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 2
Contact Information Regional Commissioner Ji Lee commissioner@ayso76.org Coach Administrator Gil Bar-Zion coach@ayso76.org Boys 12U Division Director Frank Chechel FChechel@ayso76.org Girls 12U Division Director Kim Frenkel KFrenkel@ayso76.org Our website: Public: www.ayso76.org Registered users: www.ayso76.net August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 3
Classroom Agenda Pre-Course Review, Quiz 1 Development Over Winning Coaching Methodology Age Characteristics and Environment Coaching Moments Quality Training Coaching Cycle 12U Training Session Introduction to Periodization Quiz 2 August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 4
AYSO Fundamentals Vision Statement: To provide world class youth soccer programs that enrich children s lives Mission Statement: To develop and deliver quality youth soccer programs, which promote a fun, family environment based on our philosophies AYSO Six Philosophies Everyone Plays 2 and 3 quarter rule we mean it! Open Registration we take everyone Balanced Teams no requests or player retention Positive Coaching be nice Good Sportsmanship teach the players to be nice Player Development improve players skills August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 5
Development Over Winning The primary goal of our coaching program is player development Defined as improving all players individual and team skills to their maximum potential The program must meet the desire of players and their families for recreation that is safe, fun and educational IT S NOT ABOUT WINNING! IT S ABOUT TEACHING! Children compete, not adults. The program must also be rewarding for coaches. Coaches are volunteers, quite a few with limited experience as educators and with the game of soccer To help them, we will provide and, in some cases, mandate the use of a wide variety of additional training and resources August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 6
Before We Begin Failing to prepare is preparing to fail. John Wooden August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 7
Team Management Organizing the Team Roster and other web resources Parent meeting and appointing a team administrator You can now do this Medical releases and Kid Zone Pledges You no longer need to have medical releases. We receive these electronically. Equipment Balls size 4 for 10U and 12U (have a size 5 for yourself) Cones flat Practice vests 7 x 2 colors First aid supplies (see below) Deck chair Practices and build-up Game day preparation August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 8
The Team Meeting Set the team goal Make it a pool party for the kids When talking to the parents: Briefly mention AYSO s vision, mission and philosophies Explain your coaching philosophy and expectations (punctuality, communication, equipment, etc.) Introduce Player and Parent Pledges Introduce Kids Zone for a positive sideline Discuss team goal Encourage communication regarding any player injuries Discuss concussion awareness, Safe Haven, etc. Recruit team parents August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 9
Age Characteristics Players have increased understanding of strategy and tactics so small-sided games can help develop basic attacking and defensive principles Players should still rotate positions to avoid early specialization (as well as participate in other activities/sports) Physical abilities (balance, agility, speed, coordination, etc.) improve 12U is the time for polishing the player s technical skills and helping them achieve technical efficiency August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 10
Coaching Moments Let them play the game is the great teacher August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 11
Teaching Methods 1 P.I.E. (Positive Instruction & Encouragement) Coaching Sandwich: A slice of critique inside two slices of praise Say, Show, Do and Review (explain, demonstrate, have them do it, observe (silently) and correct) August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 12
Teaching Methods 2 Forced Stoppage (freeze, get in, make your point, get out) Natural Stoppage (be careful the coaching opportunity hasn t passed and the situation forgotten) Flow(talking as the game is playing avoid constant commentary) Individual Reference (pulling a player aside to make an observation) August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 13
Additional Thoughts on Teaching Keep your words short and simple KNEEL and SQUAT your players are smaller than you and when you talk to them, you should try to avoid looking down on them If you can, demonstrate; if you cannot, get help Treat your own child like other players don t expect more (or less) from them; don t focus only on them; praise them; when the session or game is over, talk about something else on the drive home DON T TREAT YOUR PLAYERS LIKE PIECES IN A GAME OF SPEED CHESS DON T CRITICIZE WHAT JUST HAPPENED THE GAME HAS MOVED ON DON T YELL August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 14
Training Management Prepare your practice before you get to the field Have a lesson plan you are a teacher and the field is your classroom Be sure there is a ball for each player Players bring one each or you bring them Training uniforms (white t-shirt, black shorts) promotes team spirit You have just one hour Arrive early and properly dressed (no suits or dresses!) Get players to arrive 15 minutes before official start time, so they can put on cleats and get ready Work with assistants to mark out spaces with flat cones Warm up on the sideline if you can Hydration is vital: Short, disciplined breaks, especially early in season Water not sweetened drinks so players take more fluid August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 15
Training Management The Lesson Plan You don t have to make it up Many training plans are in the 12U Coaching Manual Log into eTrainU, click on Document Library, currently the link is on the 2nd line, 3rd from the left Use the links in the pdf to see animated versions of drills Visit http://www.ayso76.org/Coach/coach- resources.cfm (we will be updating this soon) Organize the session using the segments described in the next slide Don t run laps do activities with a ball Don t give lectures! August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 16
Training Management Sessions Practices should be planned into 5 segments: Warm-up (including free play with the ball) 5-10 minutes; use dynamic not static stretches Small-sided activities 10 minutes Expanded small-sided activities 10 minutes A scrimmage or game 15-20 minutes Consider 2nd drill (e.g., fun shooting drill) at the end 5 minutes Cool down and stretch after practice, not before You don t have to make it up. Several curricula for 12U are available (see last slide) All activities should involve frequent touches NO STANDING IN LONG LINES for a shooting drill without lines, see the Appendix If it doesn t work, stop. Do something else. Use the Coaching Cycle and concept of Build-up August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 17
The Coaching Cycle Coaching involves OBSERVING and EVALUATING player and team performance to determine what needs to be worked on (ORGANIZING and COACHING) during training in order to maximize (Player and Team) DEVELOPMENT Training components (psychosocial physical, technical, tactical) are then incorporated into a training session (plan) to develop and improve the player s competencein match conditions August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 18
The Coaching Cycle ORGANIZE/COACH: Training is comprised of: (free play); warm-up; activities I & II; small-sided matches and cool-down Principles of Play should be considered and woven throughout the session Adjusting Speed, Space, Opposition controls the intensity of an activity Coach using sound methodology (P.I.E., Say, Show, Do, Review, etc.) to increase success and develop players DEVELOPMENT: Player s improved competence within match environment (finishing; short/long play; short combined with long play; ability to keep possession; risk; transition) OBSERVE and EVALUATE performance and select elements for the next training session August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 19
Build-Up Learn the concept of build-up Simple to complex Unopposed to opposed How to build up Start with no pressure time or space Limited pressure reduce time or space; add opponent(s) Full pressure players involved in game-like situations Game conditions game with rules designed to emphasize what you want to teach small-sided games are the best way to do this Give time to weaker players how well you coach them will determine your team s success August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 20
Technique and Tactics Soccer is an individual sport and a team game Before the age of 12, the primary emphasis has to be on individual technique: Bringing the ball under control Moving with the ball Kicking the ball accurately and at the right pace One on one play Team tactics become more important as players get older but understand that the key to tactical success, spatial awareness, develops over time and is not fully developed at 11 years old August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 21
Training Overview for U-12 Players U-12 Techniques Dribbling Inside of foot ball control Sole of foot ball control Top of the thigh ball control Instep kick Inside of the foot push pass Direct free kick Throw-in Tackling Goalkeeping Heading may NOT be taught (heading OK in 12U if 12U and 11U are separate division, but in Region 76, 12U and 11U are combined) We cover techniques during the field sessions U-12 Knowledge Know the 8 restarts Corner kick Goal kick Penalty kick Drop ball Indirect free kick Throw-in Kick off Laws of the Game August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 22
Positional Skills Except for the keeper, in the modern game, the technical skills are the same at every position Touch and ball control Dribbling dribble like you run Solid kicking skills Awareness Think where the ball may go next Think what you could do to help your teammate Positioning off the ball On attack: Get open, meaning away from defenders On defense: Get ball side and goal side Support your teammate Be patient when challenging an attacker - go for the ball only if sure you can get it Emphasize areas of responsibility, not positions August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 23
One Topic Per Session Focus on one topic per session Resist the temptation to coach skills or correct mistakes that are unrelated to the topic of your session Repetition is the key to developing skills more than you might expect, the players often have a lot of patience with repeating the same drill until they get it right For those that get it right away, vary the drill to make it more difficult (e.g., work with the weaker foot) August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 24
Introduction to Periodization Periodization involves many factors including: Frequency (how often you train) Duration (how long you train) Volume (how much you train weekly - the product of frequency x duration) Intensity (how hard you train) From these factors you plan a performance pathway with optimal respect to training load. The following is the AYSO National recommendation but we cannot implement this in Region 76 in 10U or 12U Age Group Frequency Duration One Activity Session/ Jamboree per Week (includes 25 min. game) 6U 1 Hour 8U Once Per Week, Plus Game 1 Hour 10U Twice Per Week, Plus Game 1 Hour 12U Twice Per Week, Plus Game 1 Hour For now, simply consider # of training sessions (including games) and duration and intensity of each activity. August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 25
Introduction to Periodization Each activity should be planned with respect to duration, intensity, intervals/reps, duration of intervals and recovery time. Formula: Duration = # of Intervals x (Interval duration + Rest). Example: Activity Duration (SSG): 20 minutes Intervals: 4 @ 4 minutes each Rest: 1 minute (4 min work + 1 min rest = 5 min x 4 Intervals = 20 min) Intensity: High Med/Hi Interval: 6-30s 30s-2min There is a drop down menu in your Session Planner to help you consider this. Med 2-3min Low 3-30min August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 26
Scrimmages and Games While free play is desirable, scrimmages can also be tuned to the practice theme. For example: To teach offence: Use unbalanced teams Shorten the field to eliminate transition To teach passing: Use Hands Game Alley Game - create a field with cone-demarcated passing lanes Coaches: Play only if you know what you re doing Don t show off, don t hog the ball, and don t score BE CAREFUL players are 1/3rd to of your weight Consider scrimmaging in mid-session, not the end, so players don t spend all practice waiting for it to begin August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 27
Positional Responsibilities Own Team Has Ball Begin Attack Position Goalkeeper Other Team Has Ball Stop scoring try Keep Ball Advance Ball Defender Stop scoring try Regain ball Advance ball Keep Ball Score Midfielder Delay attack Regain ball Advance ball Keep ball Forward Regain ball Delay attack August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 28
Objectives of the Game Attacking Objectives Defending Objectives Score Prevent Scoring Move the Ball Forward Delay the Opponents Keep the Ball Get the Ball Back Which of these objectives is primary depends on the player s position relative to the ball, other players, location on the field and time in the game Players are taught the objectives and principles through training sessions, not during the game August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 29
Principles of Play How to achieve your objectives Attacking Defending Penetration Advance ball by dribbling, passing and shooting Pressure and delay Slow down the attack Support Give your teammates choices Cover Support the player challenging for the ball Mobility Don t just stand there! Movement on and off the ball. Balance Match other team s numbers; at 12U, begin to read the game Width Spread out; use the space Compactness Play in a small space (added at 12U) Creativity Use your skills (added at 12U) Control/Restraint (what used to be called Composure) Stay calm; don t dive in! August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 30
After the Training Session Discussion with the players: positive comments and constructive feedback to as many players after the training session (but keep it short) Review your training plan: worked well and what needs to improve Reflection: Evaluate yourself. Encourage constructive feedback from others about your coaching management and session structure Give Note what August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 31
Game Day Management Punctuality and Warm-Up Line-up Line-up cards (use the web application; uniform order) Plan your substitutions three-quarter rule until playoffs Rotate players into different positions First aid supplies Ice and ice packs Bandages and disinfectant Advil, Alleve: Don t give it to players leave this to parents August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 32
Game Day Management Bring a chair and SIT DOWN KEEP QUIET DURING THE PLAY Players learn best from their own mistakes If you're not making mistakes, then you're not doing anything. John Wooden Error prevention hurts your players COACH, DON T CRITICIZE Treat your own child like any other and have realistic expectations of them and everyone else Coach before the game and at the breaks Coach the substitutes After the game, cool down and review Let the game be the teacher August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 33
Half-time Talk Keep it positive and concise. Stick to ~3 points. Guide! Positive observation from 1st half: I liked how we got additional players in their defending third, like we worked on in training. Guided Question: What can we do to better protect our central area when we are defending? Encouragement: The effort is awesome today, keep working and have a great second half! August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 34
Systems of Play Systems of Play 1-3-3-2, 1-3-2-3, 1-4-3-1 (9 v 9, starting with the goalkeeper and going on to defenders, midfielders and attackers) OR Everyone defends, everyone attacks and everyone helps teammates nearby Mobility and numbers matter more than systems Whatever else you do, don t have defenders standing back while the forwards attack In a practice, do you ask 2-3 forwards to score against 8 players? Risk breakaways they rarely score August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 35
Appendix 1 Laws of the Game What players (and coaches) need to know Ball in and out of play if part of ball is on the line, it is in play; a ball that hasn t fully crossed the line is not out Throw-in technique arms straight, ball over head Direct v. indirect kick 2nd touch before goal can be scored; if IFK, referee will raise hand high Handling must be deliberate Basics of offside Offside position v offside Cannot be offside when receiving ball directly from goal kick, throw-in or corner Stay level with last defender (not including keeper) August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 36
Laws of the Game Goalkeeper infractions Don t pick ball up on Deliberate pass back by foot by teammate Throw-in More than 6 seconds before releasing ball from hands (but this is an anti-time wasting rule and should be enforced with a very light touch for 12U players) Handling ball up outside penalty area (but can dribble ball (not received from deliberate pass back by foot) into penalty area and then pick up) When the other side commits the offence Play the whistle Leave it to the referee Don t let your players blame the referee Keep quiet August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 37
Laws of the Game 1 The Laws were substantially revised in 2016 and 2019 Kickoff ball can go backward Offside restarts from where player was when he/she became offside. (Restart used to be where he/she was originally in offside position.) Denial of obvious goal-scoring opportunity no red card if penalty is given (i.e., offence inside penalty area) and defender made legitimate attempt to play the ball (since further clarified) No re-take of PK if the kicker committed an offence Fake corners are disallowed Laws cut nearly in half, but interpretations now folded into the laws Authoritative sources: https://downloads.theifab.com/downloads/laws-of-the-game-2021- 22?l=en (LOTG) http://theifab.com/document/for-football-bodies (links to resources) 2019 to 2021 changes, summarized on next slide August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 38
Laws of the Game 2 More in 2019 highlights relevant to children Coin toss winner can choose sides or to kickoff Many technical changes to handball rules Goal disallowed if ball came off attacker s hand or arm or off referee But (2020-21 change) only if it occurs immediately before a goal or obvious goal-scoring opportunity) No handball if ball knocked onto hand by player or nearby opponent or if player handles while trying to break fall; or hand/arm close to body and player has not made their body unnaturally bigger (judgment call) Handball if hand or arm above bottom of armpit (except if bounces off own body) GK may handle ball to retrieve failed release of ball into play (klutz rule) No contested drop ball; team last touching the ball gets it; if in penalty area, goalkeeper gets it No attackers in a defensive wall of 3 or more GK or FK in penalty area in play as soon as kicked (i.e., ball does not need to leave the penalty area) Yellow and Red Cards for coaches! August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 39
Laws of the Game 3 2021-22 clarifications regarding handball some of this is a little subtle. It is an offence if a player: deliberately touches the ball with their hand/arm, for example moving the hand/arm towards the ball touches the ball with their hand/arm when it has made their body unnaturally bigger. Body is unnaturally bigger when the position of player s hand/arm is not a consequence of, or justifiable by, the player s body movement for that specific situation. By having their hand/arm in such a position, the player takes a risk of their hand/arm being hit by the ball and being penalized scores in the opponents goal: directly from their hand/arm, even if accidental, including by the goalkeeper immediately after the ball has touched their hand/arm, even if accidental August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 40
Field Sessions Required elements Techniques Dribbling Inside of the Foot Ball Control Sole of the Foot Ball Control Top of the Thigh Ball Control Instep Kick Inside of the Foot Push Pass Throw-In Tackling Front Block Goalkeeping try to put everyone in goal for at least a quarter Build up the techniques Training games August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 41
Passing Warm-Ups Three players standard configuration (see below) Multiple players in small space The weave Short-sided keep away game 5 v 1 5 v 2 3 3 2 1 1 3 3 3 etc. 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 42
Coaching Pace A Simple Drill Basic idea: Make short, medium and longer square passes into the path of receiver in motion Key: Receiver collects ball without slowing down Multiple variations possible August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 43
Handball Game goal catcher goal catcher Keep field quite small (30 x 25 yards) Object is to find open space near (but not too close to) teammates To score, all players must catch ball, then throw to their goal catcher Stop play to stress need to spread out and OK to pass back No offside (so red forward is available for quick pass) Variation/progression: Maximum of 3 steps before passing Progression: Alternate throw in air, then roll on ground August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 44
Alley Game Safe zone Safe zone 4-6 yards Safe zone Safe zone Variations: Basic: 1 red in one lane, 1 blue in the other 1 red and 1 blue in each lane Anyone can go into lane with ball; while there, player is safe Coaching points Player in safe zone should pass back, not at goalkeeper Midfield player should trail safe zone player (option for pass back) August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 45
Coaching the Through Ball Basic set-up Teach the through ball with cones (which obviously can t move) Then with passive defenders (who can stick foot out but can t move) Then with active defenders (who can intercept or play offside trap) The defenders face the passer. Passing between them forces them to turn and chase the ball Receiver needs to stay onside until pass made 1. 2. 3. August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 46
Coaching the Pass and the Pull Back Drill: Zero pressure move up the sideline and pass the ball diagonally backward into path of forward Passive pressure 1 same, but with defender shadowing Passive pressure 2 move ball up sideline, with no defender to prevent pass; GK plus two or three defenders in goal area; two or three attackers outside goal area Variation: Attackers start in goal area and one or more draw back Active pressure same but with defender allowed to block the pass; give the passer a head start Do this drill from the right, then from the left Teach the pull back as an alternative to simply beating the defender for speed August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 47
Coaching the Pull Back Basic Diagrams 1 White winger and receiver; no defender; red = flat cones Receiver(s) starts back, then starts forward and draws back. Receiver needs to stay onside (level or behind winger) R W August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 48
Coaching the Pull Back Basic Diagrams 2 X X White winger and receiver; black defender; red = flat cones Black starts out passive, shadowing the winger, and becomes active only once White passes Cone X Receiver(s) starts back, then starts forward and draws back. Receiver needs to stay onside R W August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 49
Teaching Shooting Without Lines 5 players GK plus 2 on one side of goal, 2 on the other Basic set-up: Player shoots; if GK saves, turns and feeds to player on opposite side of goal; if ball passes GK, player on opposite side has ball and can shoot Progressions Player with ball takes ball toward goal, turns and lays it off for teammate Player passes the ball sharply to GK who parries it for other player to follow up Player with ball runs wide of goal and passes angled ball back to teammate August 6 and 14, 2022 12U Coaching Course 50
