Asthma: Recognizing Symptoms and Differential Diagnosis
Explore the differential diagnosis of asthma, conditions causing similar symptoms, obstructive patterns on spirometry, and coexistent conditions. Learn about upper airway cough syndrome, asthma, reflux issues, infections, and more that can lead to coughing. Discover the causes of wheeze and stridor, including issues in the upper airway and central airway, like tumors, stenosis, and more.
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Presentation Transcript
DIFFERETIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ASTHMA Conditions causing similar symptoms Conditions producing obstructive patterns on spirometry Coexistent conditions
CONDITIONS CAUSING SIMILAR SYMPTOMS Wheeze Cough Dyspnea
ACUTE COUGH Acute exacerbation of underlying chronic pulmonary disease Pneumonia Pulmonary embolism
SUBACUTE AND CHRONIC COUGH IN ADULTS Upper airway cough syndrome Asthma Gastroesophageal reflux Laryngopharyngeal reflux Respiratory tract infection ACE inhibitors Chronic bronchitis Bronchiectasis Lung cancer Non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis Rare causes
Wheeze and Stridor (CAUSES) The extrathoracic upper airway, which includes the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, and extrathoracic trachea The intrathoracic central airway, which includes the intrathoracic trachea and bronchi at least 2 mm in diameter The intrathoracic lower airways, which include airways narrower than 2 mm in diameter
EXTRATHORIC UPPER AIRWAY CAUSES OF WHEEZE Anaphylaxis Vocal cord edema or paralysis Paradoxical vocal cord motion Laryngeal stenosis Laryngocele Tonsillar hypertrophy Goiter Postnasal drip syndrome
INTRATHORACIC CENTRAL AIRWAY CAUSES OF WHEEZE Tracheal stenosis Tracheal and bronchial tumors Respiratory papillomatosis Tracheomalacia, trachea-broncho-malacia, and hyperdynamic airway collapse Relapsing poly-chondritis Tracheobronchial amyloid Mucus plugs Vascular rings and aneurysms Mediastinal mass
INTRATHORACIC LOWER AIRWAY CAUSES OF WHEEZE Bronchiectasis due to recurrent infections or parenchymal fibrosis with traction Bronchiolitis Bronchiolitis obliterans Cardiac asthma Carcinoid tumors Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) Occupational causes of non-asthmatic wheeze Parasitic infection Reactive airways disease syndrome Airway distortion Focal wheeze
DYSPNEA Respiratory Cardiovascular
DYSPNEA (RESPIRATORY) Controller Ventilatory pump Gas exchanger
DYSPNEA (CARDIOVASCULAR) Heart failure Anemia Deconditioning
CONDITIONS PRODUCING OBSTRACTIVE PATTERNS ON SPIROMETRY COPD Asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) Bronchiectasis Constrictive bronchiolitis (also known as bronchiolitis obliterans) Central airway obstruction
COEXISTENT CONDITIONS Allergic rhinitis Obesity and GERD
Differential diagnosis of Asthma in adults, adolescents and children 6-11 years
