Annual Update on K-12 Education in Washington State

K12 Education in Washington State An Annual Update by State Superintendent Chris Reykdal

District Expenditures vs. State & Federal Investments Gap of $435 M $2.632 B Special Education $3.067 B Gap of $456 M Materials, Supplies, and Operating Costs $1.629 B $2.085 B Gap of $67 M Transportation $0.746 B $0.813 B District Expenditures Total State & Federal Funding Source: Association of Educational Service Districts (2023-24) 2

Increase in School District Expenditures from 201920 to 202324 Insurance 85% Natural Gas 63% Cleaning 48% Utilities 34% Electricity 33% Supplies 14% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Source: Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 3

Inflation Adjusted K12 Spending & Funding Per Student $23 B $25 K Inflation Adjusted (2025 Dollars) K-12 Spending 19.954 B $20 B 18.073 B $20 K 18.213 K $18 B Funding Per Student 14.570 B $15 B 17.084 K $15 K $13 B 14.275 K $10 B $10 K $8 B $5 B $5 K $3 B $0 B $0 K Local Revenue State Revenue Total State & Local General Fund Funding Per Student Source: Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 4

Investment in K12 Education as a Percentage of Gross State Product 4.5% 4.10% 3.60% 3.78% 3.77% 4.0% 3.70% 3.56% 3.55% 3.54% 3.53% 3.45% Gap of $2.46 B 3.5% 3.33% 3.0% 3.23% 3.11%3.17% 3.06% 3.01% 2.98% 2.96% 2.81% 2.5% 2.79% 2.0% 1.5% 1.0% 0.5% 0.0% Washington U.S. Average Source: Albert Shanker Institute School Finance Indicators Database 5

State Operating Budget Investments: 2019 and 2025 2017-19 Biennium 2023-25 Biennium 43.95% 49.74% 50.26% 56.05% Public Schools Other State Investments Public Schools Other State Investments Source: Washington State Fiscal Information (Office of Financial Management & Legislative Evaluation and Accountability Program) 6

Our Three-Step Approach Fix Unnecessary Local Levy Limits & Increase Levy Equalization Fully Fund Basic Education Right-Size Federal Funding 7

Public Support for K12 Funding: October 2024 Survey 28% Republican 49% 23% 65% 15% 20% All Respondents Democrat 83% 12% 5% 18% Independent 56% 26% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Support Oppose Not Sure Support Oppose Not Sure Source: Poll by The Seattle Times, KING 5, and the University of Washington s Center for an Informed Public (October 2024) 8

Federal Funding at a Glance: WA is ranked the third highest donor state in the nation 100 B $ 118.82 B 50 B 0 B Washington sends $22.5 billion annually to the federal government that we do not receive back -50 B -100 B -$ 141.35 B -150 B WA Receives Back from Federal Government WA Sends to Federal Government Source: Rockefeller Institute of Government 9

Federal Funding at a Glance: WA has the third-worst rate of return on federal investment nationwide For every dollar that Washington sends to the federal government, we only receive $0.84 back 84% Source: Rockefeller Institute of Government 10

Federal Funding at a Glance: Washingtonians Tax Payments to the Federal Government Per Capita Federal Receipts, Federal Fiscal Year 2022 Washington has the fourth highest federal tax payments per person Source: Rockefeller Institute of Government 11

Source: Smarter Balanced 12

Source: Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 13

Student Enrollment Trend 1,160,000 1,146,882 1,150,000 Since the beginning of the pandemic, enrollment has increased by nearly 11,000 students 1,137,367 1,140,000 1,130,714 1,130,000 1,120,000 1,115,820 1,110,000 1,096,695 1,100,059 1,104,220 1,100,000 1,093,331 1,100,849 1,090,000 1,091,343 1,080,000 1,070,000 1,060,000 Source: Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 14

Student Enrollment by Cohort Grade Level Pre-K TK & K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2014-15 24,386 80,919 84,037 83,954 81,402 79,841 79,796 78,782 78,475 80,391 83,537 81,223 82,947 86,419 2015-16 26,529 79,474 83,682 85,458 85,184 82,541 80,754 80,252 79,907 79,417 83,509 82,572 83,331 88,371 2016-17 28,746 80,430 82,065 84,894 86,618 86,219 83,741 81,474 81,467 81,271 82,266 83,447 85,154 88,959 2017-18 30,264 80,895 83,013 83,331 85,835 87,648 86,930 84,387 82,514 82,353 83,694 82,361 86,010 90,786 2018-19 32,624 81,846 82,597 83,744 83,958 86,500 88,175 87,477 84,874 83,154 84,630 83,503 84,305 90,583 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 34,087 19,368 21,743 82,614 70,926 78,209 83,613 78,686 74,995 83,424 79,871 79,159 84,371 79,838 79,961 84,522 81,213 79,566 87,164 81,828 80,748 88,542 84,309 80,929 88,124 86,615 83,887 85,610 86,803 86,093 85,435 86,090 88,062 84,556 84,233 85,151 85,188 86,090 85,185 89,855 89,697 90,131 24,203 77,926 80,558 76,966 80,206 80,920 80,237 80,925 81,381 84,404 88,208 87,785 86,537 88,433 25,461 75,762 77,674 81,787 78,283 81,164 81,767 80,744 81,572 82,212 86,822 88,560 89,284 91,170 24,555 77,730 74,601 79,238 83,002 79,431 81,948 82,209 81,796 82,599 85,276 87,460 89,108 95,304 Source: Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 15

Average Weekly Student Attendance Fall Comparison 100% 95% 90% 85% 80% 75% December September November October 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 Source: Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 16

Average Weekly Student Attendance Fall Comparison 100% 93% 92% 95% 91% 93% 90% 90% 87% 85% This fall, student attendance was nearing pre-pandemic levels 80% 75% December September November October 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25 Source: Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 17

Regular Attendance & Chronic Absenteeism 100% 9.4% 15.1% 14.9% 14.5% 15.1% 15.2% 18.6% 90% 27.3% 30.3% 32.8% 80% 70% 60% 50% 84.8% 85.1% 85.5% 84.9% 84.9% 90.6% 40% 81.4% 72.7% 69.7% 67.2% 30% 20% 10% 0% Regular Attendance* Chronic Absenteeism *Regular attendance is defined as having, on average, less than two absences per month Source: Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 18

Healthy Youth Survey: Our Biggest Strengths Youth Report Decreased Feelings of Depression Grade Level 2021 2023 Percent Change 8 35% 27% - 8% 10 38% 30% - 8% 12 45% 32% - 13% Youth Report Increased Feelings of Having Adults to Turn to when Depressed Grade Level 2021 2023 Percent Change 8 52% 57% + 5% 10 50% 59% + 9% 12 54% 62% + 8% Source: Healthy Youth Survey 2021 & 2023 19

Healthy Youth Survey: Our Biggest Area for Improvement 10th Graders with One or More Disabilities Experience Mental Health Concerns at Much Higher Rates than Youth without Disabilities 47% (3x Higher) Depressive Feelings 16% 25% (4x Higher) Contemplation of Suicide 6% 20% (4x Higher) Plan to Attempt Suicide 5% 13% (6.5x Higher) Attempted Suicide 2% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Students with One or More Disabilities Students without Disabilities Source: Healthy Youth Survey 2023 20

Kindergarten Readiness Trend 100% Kindergarten readiness increased by nearly 10% in the last 8 years 90% 80% 70% 57.0% 54.2% 60% 53.1% 49.6% 57.9% 50% 54.5% 48.7% 47.4% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% *WaKIDS, our state s kindergarten readiness assessment, was not administered in the 2020-21 school year Source: Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 21

Students Completing Algebra I Before the 9th Grade Trend 50% 45% 40% 36.8% 36.4% 36.1% 35.4% 34.1% 33.9% 33.6% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Source: Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 22

Ninth Grade on Track Trend 100% 90% 77.7% 80% 73.7% 72.1% 70.7% 70.1% 70% 72.6% 72.7% 70.4% 70.3% 68.1% 60% 50% The number of 9th graders on track has increased more than 2.5% since the beginning of the pandemic 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Source: Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 23

Dual Credit Coursetaking Trend (Grades 9-12) 100% Dual credit coursetaking increased by 12% in the last 9 years 90% 80% 67.6% 70% 55.8% 60% 50% 39.3% 40% 29.9% 30% 20% 10% 0% Any Dual Credit University Level Dual Credit Source: Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 24

A Focused Look: Dual Credit Coursetaking for the Graduating Class of 2023 Any Dual Credit Course 90% CTE Dual Credit 76% Advanced Placement 39% College in the High School 35% 64% of students took at least one university level dual credit course Running Start 19% International Baccalaureate 6% Cambridge International 1% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Source: Education Research & Data Center 25

Dual Credit Coursetaking Changes by Student Race/Ethnicity (Grades 9-12) Student Race/Ethnicity 2014-15 School Year 2023-24 School Year Percent Change American Indian/Alaska Native 38.0% 50.1% + 12.1% Asian 69.7% 82.8% + 13.1% Black/African American 55.8% 69.1% + 13.3% Hispanic/Latino of any race(s) 48.1% 63.0% + 14.9% Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander 52.6% 67.1% + 14.5% Two or More Races 55.4% 70.1% + 14.7% White 57.0% 67.3% + 10.3% Source: Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 26

4-Year & 5-Year Graduation Rate Trend 100% 95% 90% 85.5% 82.8% 85% 81.1% 80% 75% 77.2% Washington s 4-year graduation rate increased by over 5.5% in the last 10 years 70% 65% 60% 55% 50% 4-Year Grad Rate 5-Year Grad Rate Source: Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction 27

Educator Wage Penalty Remains High Washington educators earn 27.8% less than similarly educated professionals the 12th worst score in the nation Source: Economic Policy Institute & Center for Economic and Policy Research (2022) 28

Questions? 29