American History: Sources, Dates, and Declarations
Explore the types of sources in history, significant dates from the Declaration of Independence to Obama's presidency, and key periods in American history post-Civil War. Delve into primary and secondary sources, pivotal events like World War II and the Cold War, and the profound impact of historical documents like the Declaration of Independence.
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TYPES OF SOURCES PRIMARY SOURCE: Sources created by witnesses at the time of an event. First hand information (Letter written by soldier during World War II, or original plans for building the Panama Canal) SECONDARY SOURCE: Sources based on interpreting and analyzing primary sources. Second hand information (your history textbook, a biography of a famous person)
IMPORTANT DATES DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE CONSTITUTION CIVIL WAR SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR WORLD WAR I STOCK MARKET CRASH GREAT DEPRESSION WORLD WAR II SPUTNIK LAUNCHES US/SOVIET SPACE RACE MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. ASSASSINATED U.S. LANDS ON THE MOON COLD WAR ENDS 9/11 ATTACKS ON WORLD TRADE CENTER/PENTAGON OBAMA (FIRST AFRICAN-AMERICAN PRESIDENT) 1776 1787 1861-1865 1898 1914-1918 1929 1939-1945 1957 1968 1969 1991 2001 2008
TIME PERIODS OF AMERICAN HISTORY (PAST THE CIVIL WAR) INDUSTRIALIZATION & THE GILDED AGE THE PROGRESSIVE ERA WORLD WAR I ROARING TWENTIES GREAT DEPRESSION & THE NEW DEAL WORLD WAR II COLD WAR NEW MILLENNIUM CIVIL RIGHTS SIXTIES WOMEN S RIGHTS WATERGATE REAGAN
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE Mostly written by Thomas Jefferson Gave reasons why colonists wanted (demanded) independence from Great Britain. Listed the grievances of American colonists against the British King (the things King George III had done wrong) Said that the purpose of government was to protect citizens (unalienable) rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness Justifies the overthrow of the government that abuses the rights of the people
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.- -That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness...
PEOPLE TO KNOW (REVOLUTION) JOHN TRUMBULL, SR: Colonial governor who sided with the colonists against the British JOHN PETER MUHLENBERG:Clergyman who recruited soldiers to fight the British JOHN JAY: Helped write Federalist Papers; first Chief Justice of Supreme Court; negotiated Jay Treaty (boundaries with England)
PEOPLE TO KNOW (REVOLUTIONDeclaration signers) BENJAMIN RUSH: Father of American Medicine; signed the Declaration of Independence JOHN WITHERSPOON: Signer of the Declaration of Independence, President of New Jersey College (Princeton) JOHN HANCOCK: President of Second Continental Congress, signed the Declaration of Independence (big signature)
ALEXIS DE TOCQUEVILLE Frenchman who came to the United States Wrote Democracy in America. Identified 5 key characteristics of American democracy that set us apart from Europe: LIBERTY EGALITARIANISM (EQUALITY) INDIVIDUALISM POPULISM LAISSEZ-FAIRE
BILL OF RIGHTS Passed to provide protections for the individual and to assure acceptance of the Constitution First Amendment provides freedom of speech, religion, press. Provides right to assemble and to petition the government to correct wrongs. Second Amendment provides the right to bear arms. Third Amendment protects citizens from having to quarter (house) soldiers. Fourth Amendment says no unreasonable search or seizure Fifth Amendment established due Process protections no self incrimination Sixth Amendment provides speedy, public trial/ right to confront witnesses/ right to counsel Eighth Amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment; no excessive bail
U.S. CONSTITUTION (1787) Replaced the ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION Set up a new national government Set up three branches of government: EXECUTIVE (President) LEGISLATIVE (Congress) JUDICIAL (Supreme Court) Provided system of Checks and Balances to ensure no branch too powerful.
E PLURIBUS UNUM OUT OF MANY ONE It was the motto suggested by the committee appointed by Congress in July 1776 to design a seal for the country -Is the motto that was selected by Charles Thomson in 1782 when he created the Great Seal with the American bald eagle centerpiece -It represents the union between the states and the federal government
U.S. International Trade Organizations also include General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade (GATT) World Trade Organization (WTO)
The Bill of Rights was added to the U.S. Constitution primarily to: a. Provide the President with powers in times of emergency b. Establish fair and impartial elections c. Protect individual liberties d. Guarantee voting privileges to minorities
Which of the following was an important characteristic of American society as noted by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1832? a. Federalism b. Imperialism c. Populism d. Isolationism
Which principle was adopted in the U.S. Constitution to ensure that no one branch of the federal government became too powerful? a. Republican government b. Popular sovereignty c. Judicial review d. Checks and balances
Which action would be protected by the first amendment? a. Reporter published an article critical of city officials b. A man on trial refuses to testify against himself c. A woman asks to see a lawyer before answering questions from the police d. A family refuse to permit soldiers to be housed in their home
