Active Plasma Chamber: Status and Perspectives
Sustainability
Analysis for Alternative
Roofing
Materials to Reduce Asbestos Use
in
Sri
Lanka
Student
Name
:Nuwan
Ariyawansha
Academic
supervisor
:Professor
Yabar
Helmut
Student
ID
：
201726050
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Background
of
Research
Research
Question
Objectives
of the
Research
Data
Collection
Study
Area
Methodology
Results
Discussion
Future
Work
Outline
of
Presentation
Source:-
http://www.who.int/ipcs/assessment/public_health/asbestos/en/-cited
2018/2/6
3
According
to the
World
Health
Organization;
All types of asbestos cause lung
cancers.
For example Asbestosis and
Mesothelioma
are
the most common
cancers.
1
Background
of
Research
1.1 Asbestos banned nations
around
the
world
According
to the
International Ban Asbestos Secretariat
;
Asbestos
is banned in 55 countries
worldwide.
However,
it has
not been banned in
China,
Russia, India,
Canada
and the
United
States
.
Asbestos
banned
nations
4
Source
http://www.asbestosnation.org/facts/asbestos-bans-around-the-world/-cited
2018/02/06
1
Background
of
Research
5
Blue
Asbestos
(Crocidolite)
banned
1987
Government
decided to
limit
the
White
Asbestos(
Chrysotile) and
promote
substitutes
from
2018-01-01
2016
Government
changed the above
decision and
emphasis more
study
to
limit
the
White
Asbestos.
2017
Source
:-http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.lk
/
1.2 Asbestos
limiting policy decisions in
Sri
Lanka
1
Background
of
Research
Source
：
-Department
of
Census
and
Statistics
2001 and
2012
1.3
Principal roofing materials
distribution of
occupied
housing
units
47
.
50%
35
.
10%
0.90%
10.30%
4.10%
2
%
0
.
20%
Asbestos
Zink
Aluminium
Sheet
Cadjan/palmyrah
Straw
Tile
Concrete
Metal
Sheet
Other
55%
18%
2%
14%
8
%
1
%
2%
Asbestos
Metal
sheet
Other
Tile
C
o
n
c
re
t
e
Cadjan/Palmyrah/Straw
Not
reported
2001
2012
1
Background
of
Research
7
y = 2085.2x -
4E+06
y = 1878.9x -
4E+06
100
0
0
0
300
0
0
200
0
0
400
0
0
600
0
0
500
0
0
700
0
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
Asbestos
Zinc
Aluminium
1.4
Variation
of Asbestos and
Zinc
Aluminum import to Sri Lanka
Y
ear
Source
：
- Sri
Lanka
Customs
1
Background
of
Research
Import
Quantity/(Tons
)
How
can
Sri
Lankan government implement a
long lasting national policy
to limit
Asbestos
in
construction
industry,
while supporting the
country’s
economy,
national health,
and
selecting alternative roofing
materials?
2
Research
Question
8
To
identify clustering pattern of roofing materials
use
in Sri
Lanka.
To
observe spatial
and
temporal variation
of
roofing materials
in
the
country.
T
o
p
r
opo
se
s
u
it
ab
l
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
s
t
o
gove
r
n
m
e
n
t
t
o
reduce
Asbestos
and
identify
alternative
materials.
3
Objectives
of the
Research
9
4 Data
Collection
10
Primary
Data
Production quantity and
Electricity
consumption
data from
three
clay tile factories and two Zinc Aluminum
factories.
Secondary
Data
Department
of
Census and Statistics Sri Lanka.
Sri Lanka Customs
data.
Academic
Journals, publications,
etc..
322divisions
in 25
districts
268
divisions
in 18
districts
5 Study
Area
11
12
2001
Statistical
Data
2012
Statistical
Data
Asbe
s
t
o
s
Clay
tile
Zinc
Aluminum
Divisional
Secretary
Division
Cold
spot-99%
Confidence
Cold
spot-95%
Confidence
Cold
spot-90%
Confidence
Not
significant
Hot
spot-90%
Confidence
Hot
spot-95%
Confidence
Hot
spot-99%
Confidence
Spatial
and
Temporal
changes
Suitable mitigation
measures
to reduce
asbestos usage
and
promote
alternatives
Clay
tile
Zinc
Aluminum
Alternative
material
manufacturing
data
Life
Cycle
Assessment
Global
Warming Potential
(GWP)
Acidification
Potential
(AP)
Health
Impact Potential
(HIP).
Environmental
Effect
6
Methodology
13
7.1 Asbestos clustering pattern
2001-2012
7
Results
14
7.2 Clay tile clustering pattern
2001-2012
7
Results
7.3 Zinc Aluminum clustering pattern
2012
7
Results
15
Hot spots and
cold
spots of
Tile,
Asbestos
and
Zinc
Aluminum
(%
of
Administrative
divisions
to
the
total)
7
Results
16
Summary of Hot spots
and cold
spots of
Tile,
Asbestos
and
Zinc Aluminum
(%
of
Administrative
divisions
to
the
total)
7
Results
17
Asbestos
hot spots are
concentrated
in developed areas in
2001
(Colombo
and
Kandy).
New
Asbestos
hot spots have been
forming
in the
Northern
section
of
the
country.
Clay tile hot spots are
concentrated
in
Southern
and
North-Western
parts of the country in
2001.
A new Clay tile hot spot has been
formed
in the South-Eastern
section, and hot spot in the
North-Western
section has
expanded.
Zinc
Aluminum
hot spots are
formed
in the central part of
the
country in
2012.
8
Discussion
18
Identify Socio-economic
factors
for
roofing
materials
usage based
on the
Hot
spot
analysis.
Calculation
of
Global
Warming
Potential
(GWP),
Acidification Potential (AP) and Health
Impact
Potential
(HIP).
Policy
study for
reducing asbestos
usage.
9
Future
Work
19
20
Motivations for designing an active plasma chamber focusing on reducing plasma losses and enhancing charge state distribution. Details about the general features of the chamber, including its construction and segmentation. The inner active chamber made of aluminum elements for improved efficiency. Benefits such as real-time monitoring of plasma losses and enhanced operation with lower pressure and RF power. Future perspectives and progress updates discussed at the PANDORA progress meeting.
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Presentation Transcript
Sustainability Analysis for AlternativeRoofing Materials to Reduce Asbestos Use in SriLanka Student Name Academic supervisor :Professor YabarHelmut Student ID 201726050 :Nuwan Ariyawansha 1
Outline of Presentation Background of Research Research Question Objectives of the Research 1 2 3 Data Collection Study Area Methodology 4 5 6 7 Results 8 Discussion 9 FutureWork
1 Background of Research According to the World Health Organization; All types of asbestos cause lung cancers. For example Asbestosis and Mesothelioma are the most commoncancers. Source:-http://www.who.int/ipcs/assessment/public_health/asbestos/en/-cited 2018/2/6 3
1 Background of Research 1.1 Asbestos banned nations around theworld According to the International Ban Asbestos Secretariat; Asbestos is banned in 55 countries worldwide. However, it has not been banned in China, Russia, India, Canada and theUnited States. Asbestos banned nations 4 Source http://www.asbestosnation.org/facts/asbestos-bans-around-the-world/-cited 2018/02/06
1 Background of Research 1.2 Asbestos limiting policy decisions in SriLanka 1987 Blue Asbestos (Crocidolite)banned Government decided to limit theWhite Asbestos( Chrysotile) and promote substitutes from 2018-01-01 2016 Government changed the above decision and emphasis more study to limit the WhiteAsbestos. 2017 Source :-http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.lk/ 5
1 Background of Research 1.3 Principal roofing materials distribution of occupied housingunits 2001 2012 1%2% 2% 0.20% 8% 0.90%10.30% 4.10% 14% 47.50% 2% 55% 35.10% 18% Tile Asbestos Tile Concrete MetalSheet Other Asbestos Zink Aluminium Sheet Cadjan/palmyrahStraw Concrete Metalsheet Cadjan/Palmyrah/Straw Other Not reported Source -Department of Census and Statistics 2001 and 2012
1 Background of Research 1.4 Variation of Asbestos and ZincAluminum import to Sri Lanka 70000 y = 2085.2x -4E+06 60000 50000 Import Quantity/(Tons) Asbestos 40000 ZincAluminium 30000 20000 y = 1878.9x -4E+06 10000 0 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 Y ear 7 Source - Sri Lanka Customs
2 Research Question How can Sri Lankan government implement a long lasting national policy to limit Asbestosin construction industry, while supporting the country s economy, national health, and selecting alternative roofing materials? 8
3 Objectives of the Research To identify clustering pattern of roofing materials use in Sri Lanka. To observe spatial and temporal variation of roofing materials in the country. To propose suitable measures to government to reduce Asbestos and identify alternative materials. 9
4 Data Collection Primary Data Production quantity and Electricity consumption data from three clay tile factories and two Zinc Aluminum factories. Secondary Data Department of Census and Statistics Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka Customs data. Academic Journals, publications, etc.. 10
5 Study Area 322divisions in 25 districts 268 divisions in 18 districts 11
6 Methodology 2001 Statistical Data 2012 Statistical Data Alternative material manufacturingdata Asbestos Clay tile ZincAluminum Asbestos Clay tile Clay tile ZincAluminum Divisional SecretaryDivision Divisional Secretary Division Input the Percentage of roof materials Life Cycle Assessment Optimized hot spot analysis Cold spot-99% Confidence Cold spot-95% Confidence Cold spot-90% Confidence Notsignificant Hot spot-90% Confidence Hot spot-95% Confidence Hot spot-99%Confidence Global Warming Potential (GWP) Acidification Potential (AP) Health Impact Potential (HIP). Spatial and Temporal changes Environmental Effect 12 Suitable mitigation measures to reduce asbestos usage and promote alternatives
7 Results 7.1 Asbestos clustering pattern 2001-2012 13
7 Results 7.2 Clay tile clustering pattern 2001-2012 14
7 Results 7.3 Zinc Aluminum clustering pattern 2012 15
7 Results Hot spots and cold spots of Tile, Asbestos and Zinc Aluminum (% of Administrative divisions to the total) Tile Asbestos Zn/Al 2001 2012 2001 2012 2012 Coldspot-99% Confidence Coldspot-95% Confidence Coldspot90% Confidence 21.27 32.46 19.78 25.75 26.87 10.45 4.85 6.34 4.10 3.73 2.61 1.49 3.73 3.36 1.49 Not significant 42.16 26.49 42.16 30.22 35.45 Hotspot90% Confidence Hotspot95% Confidence Hotspot99% Confidence 1.49 1.49 1.87 2.99 1.12 4.10 2.61 6.34 7.84 1.12 17.91 30.60 19.78 25.75 30.22 Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 16
7 Results Summary of Hot spots and cold spots of Tile, Asbestos and Zinc Aluminum (% of Administrative divisions to the total) Material Tile Asbestos Zn/Al Year 2001 2012 2001 2012 2012 Cold spot 34.33 38.81 29.85 33.21 32.09 Not significant 42.16 26.49 42.16 30.22 35.45 Hot spot 23.51 34.70 27.99 36.57 32.46 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 17
8 Discussion Asbestos hot spots are concentrated in developed areas in 2001 (Colombo and Kandy). NewAsbestos hot spots have been forming in the Northern section of the country. Clay tile hot spots are concentrated in Southern and North-Western parts of the country in 2001. A new Clay tile hot spot has been formed in the South-Eastern section, and hot spot in the North-Western section hasexpanded. Zinc Aluminum hot spots are formed in the central part ofthe country in 2012. 18
9 Future Work Identify Socio-economic factors for roofing materials usage based on the Hot spot analysis. Calculation of Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP) and Health Impact Potential (HIP). Policy study for reducing asbestos usage. 19
