A Look at the Crisis and Resurgence of 1969-1980 in American History
Chapter 15(A) Crisis &
Resurgence 1969-1980
Equal Rights Amendment 1972
Alice Paul
Feminist Backlash
•
During the 1970s
groups like Women
Who Want to be
Women and Females
opposed to Equality
fought against the ERA
•
The anti-feminist
movement was led by
Phyllis Schlafly
•
They were successful in
defeating the ERA in
1982
Nixon & Civil Rights
•
Nixon’s “southern
strategy” was to slow
down progress on civil
rights
•
Milliken v. Bradley – the
Supreme Court stopped
the transfer of students
from city to suburb
•
Regents of the U. of CA
v. Bakke which
restricted quotas to get
racial balance
The Democratic Congress
•
The 26
th
Amendment
•
Increases in Social
Security benefits and
food-stamp funding
•
Occupational Safety &
Health Act (1970)
•
The Clean Air Act (1970)
•
The Federal Election
Campaign Act (1971)
Economic Malaise
•
Economists coined the term
stagflation in the early 1970s
to describe unemployment
& inflation rising
simultaneously
•
Reasons for stagflation 1
st
LBJ did not raise taxes to pay
for the Great Society or
Vietnam, 2
nd
the US now had
international competition, &
3
rd
no more cheap sources of
energy
The Energy Crisis
•
b/c the US supported
Israel during the Yom
Kippur War OPEC cut off
oil shipments
•
In 1971, in an effort to
curb inflation, Nixon
imposed a freeze on
wages & prices
•
The Energy Crisis of the
early 1970s increased
support for
environmentalism
Nixon Triumphant
•
The Nixon Doctrine implied a
foreign policy that was shaped
more by realism and American
interests
•
Nixon’s new relationship w/ China
was made possible by China’s fear
of the Soviet Union
•
Nixon’s trip to the Soviet Union
resulted in US wheat sales to the
Soviets
•
The person who most influenced
Nixon’s foreign policy was Henry
Kissinger
Henry Kissinger
The Election of 1972 & Watergate
•
George McGovern of South
Dakota is nominated by the
Democrats and he
complained of “dirty tricks”
•
The burglars arrested at
the Watergate Complex
had connections to the CIA
& the Nixon campaign
•
Nixon’s Watergate-related
resignation came with the
revelation that he had
ordered a cover-up of the
Watergate break-in
Watergate Complex
The Unelected President
•
Gerald Ford suffered terrible
political damage when he
pardoned Nixon
•
In his 15 months as President
he vetoed more bills then
ever before
•
Unemployment jumped to
9% in 1975
•
Ford tried to get voluntary
restraints to curb inflation by
passing out WIN buttons
•
“Whip Inflation Now”
Gerald Ford
The 1976 Jimmy Carter
Victory was aided by
•
His electoral strength in
the South
•
His non-Washington
background
•
His promise to be an
honest president
•
And Ford’s less-than-
impressive presidential
record
Events during Carter’s Administration
•
On the domestic front,
Carter failed to deal
adequately with the
energy crisis
•
Carter’s management of
the economy resulted in
unacceptably high rates
of inflation
•
Carter’s was able to get
the Camp David Accords
Carter’s Downfall: The Crisis in Iran
•
The crisis started with the
overthrow of the
American backed shah
•
Carter was unable to
secure the return of the
52 American hostages
•
Carter froze the Iranian
assets in the US
•
Carter’s rescue mission
ended disastrously in the
Iranian desert w/ 8
Americans dead
The Turbulent & Often Tragic 1970s
•
Communist Conquest of
South Vietnam
•
The Watergate Scandal
and the Nixon
resignation
•
The Energy Shortage &
Stagflation
•
And The Iranian
Hostage Episode
The 1980 Election
•
The Economy remained
sluggish, with double-
digit inflation, and high
gas prices
•
The Iran Hostage Crisis
•
Carter was challenged on
the left by Edward
Kennedy
•
Ronald Reagan was seen
as sunny and Optimistic
Carter and Reagan
The period from 1969 to 1980 in the United States was marked by significant events such as the Equal Rights Amendment, the feminist backlash, Nixon's approach to civil rights, Democratic Congress initiatives, economic challenges leading to stagflation, the Energy Crisis, and Nixon's foreign policy triumphs notably with China and the Soviet Union.
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Presentation Transcript
Chapter 15(A) Crisis & Resurgence 1969-1980
Equal Rights Amendment 1972 Alice Paul
Feminist Backlash During the 1970s groups like Women Who Want to be Women and Females opposed to Equality fought against the ERA The anti-feminist movement was led by Phyllis Schlafly They were successful in defeating the ERA in 1982
Nixon & Civil Rights Nixon s southern strategy was to slow down progress on civil rights Milliken v. Bradley the Supreme Court stopped the transfer of students from city to suburb Regents of the U. of CA v. Bakke which restricted quotas to get racial balance
The Democratic Congress The 26th Amendment Increases in Social Security benefits and food-stamp funding Occupational Safety & Health Act (1970) The Clean Air Act (1970) The Federal Election Campaign Act (1971)
Economic Malaise Economists coined the term stagflation in the early 1970s to describe unemployment & inflation rising simultaneously Reasons for stagflation 1st LBJ did not raise taxes to pay for the Great Society or Vietnam, 2nd the US now had international competition, & 3rd no more cheap sources of energy
The Energy Crisis b/c the US supported Israel during the Yom Kippur War OPEC cut off oil shipments In 1971, in an effort to curb inflation, Nixon imposed a freeze on wages & prices The Energy Crisis of the early 1970s increased support for environmentalism
Nixon Triumphant The Nixon Doctrine implied a foreign policy that was shaped more by realism and American interests Nixon s new relationship w/ China was made possible by China s fear of the Soviet Union Nixon s trip to the Soviet Union resulted in US wheat sales to the Soviets The person who most influenced Nixon s foreign policy was Henry Kissinger Henry Kissinger
The Election of 1972 & Watergate George McGovern of South Dakota is nominated by the Democrats and he complained of dirty tricks The burglars arrested at the Watergate Complex had connections to the CIA & the Nixon campaign Nixon s Watergate-related resignation came with the revelation that he had ordered a cover-up of the Watergate break-in Watergate Complex
The Unelected President Gerald Ford suffered terrible political damage when he pardoned Nixon In his 15 months as President he vetoed more bills then ever before Unemployment jumped to 9% in 1975 Ford tried to get voluntary restraints to curb inflation by passing out WIN buttons Whip Inflation Now Gerald Ford
The 1976 Jimmy Carter Victory was aided by His electoral strength in the South His non-Washington background His promise to be an honest president And Ford s less-than- impressive presidential record
Events during Carters Administration On the domestic front, Carter failed to deal adequately with the energy crisis Carter s management of the economy resulted in unacceptably high rates of inflation Carter s was able to get the Camp David Accords
Carters Downfall: The Crisis in Iran The crisis started with the overthrow of the American backed shah Carter was unable to secure the return of the 52 American hostages Carter froze the Iranian assets in the US Carter s rescue mission ended disastrously in the Iranian desert w/ 8 Americans dead
The Turbulent & Often Tragic 1970s Communist Conquest of South Vietnam The Watergate Scandal and the Nixon resignation The Energy Shortage & Stagflation And The Iranian Hostage Episode
The 1980 Election The Economy remained sluggish, with double- digit inflation, and high gas prices The Iran Hostage Crisis Carter was challenged on the left by Edward Kennedy Ronald Reagan was seen as sunny and Optimistic Carter and Reagan
