The Industrial Revolution: Transforming Society Through Innovation

 
The Industrial Revolution
 
Dawn of the Industrial Age
 
The Industrial Revolution
 
For thousands of years, most
people lived in small farming
villages
During the mid-1700s, the
Industrial Revolution changed the
way of life for humanity
 
The Industrial Revolution
 
The Industrial Revolution began in Britain
The Industrial Revolution was a long, slow
process in which production shifted from
handmade products to machine-made products
The Industrial Revolution slowly spread from
Britain to the rest of Europe, North America, and
around the world
 
Life Changes as Industry Spreads
 
Prior to 1750, most people worked the land, made
their own clothing and grew their own food
Most people traveled no farther than the local town to
exchange goods
With the onset of the Industrial Revolution, rural way
of life disappeared, and villages began to grow into
industrialized cities where people could buy food and
clothing
 
Life Changes as Industry Spreads
 
New inventions such as the train and steamship
allowed travelers and ideas to move rapidly
between countries and continents
Improved communication and transportation
allowed new inventions and scientific discoveries
to come out quicker and more efficiently
 
Agriculture Spurs Industry
 
Agricultural Revolution helped to spur
the Industrial Revolution
The Dutch led the way in this new
Agricultural Revolution, building
dikes (reclaim land from the sea),
combine smaller fields into larger
ones (better use of land) and using
fertilizer
 
Agriculture Spurs Industry
 
In the 1700s, British expanded on Dutch innovations
Farm journals allowed exchange of farming methods
Farmers tested mixing soils, crop rotation, and
planting turnips to restore exhausted soil
Jethro Tull invented a machine to deposit seeds in
rows rather than scattering them wastefully
 
The Enclosure Movement
 
Rich landowners pushed ahead with 
enclosure
(the process of taking over and consolidating land
formerly shared by peasant farmers)
Landowners wanted to create larger fields that
could be cultivated more efficiently, supported by
British Parliament through legislation
 
The Enclosure Movement
 
As farms became enclosed, output and profits rose
Farmers needed fewer workers
Movement did have large human costs
Laborers thrown out of work
Small farmers forced off land
Jobless workers moved to towns and cities, forming a
growing labor force that would tend the machines of the
Industrial Revolution
 
Population Multiplies
 
Agricultural Revolution contributed to rapid
population growth
Agricultural Revolution reduced the risk of death
due to famine due to surplus food
Better food made people healthier
Better hygiene, sanitation, and improved
healthcare slowed deaths from disease
 
New Technology
 
The development of new technology helped
trigger the Industrial Revolution
New sources of energy and materials helped to
change the way manufacturing was accomplished
1712: British inventor Thomas Newcomen
developed a steam engine powered by coal
 
New Technology
 
1764: 
James Watt
 made improvements to the steam
engine that eventually became the key power source
of the Industrial Revolution
In 1709 Abraham Darby began using coal instead of
charcoal to 
smelt
 iron (the process of separating iron
from its ore)
Iron became a staple building material for the
Industrial Revolution
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The Industrial Revolution marked a monumental shift in human history, transitioning from small farming villages to industrialized cities. Originating in Britain, this era saw the rise of machine-made products, improved transportation, and agricultural advancements that fueled industrial growth. As rural lifestyles faded, urban centers emerged, fostering innovation, trade, and societal changes. The integration of new technologies and farming practices reshaped economies and paved the way for a modernized world.


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  1. The Industrial Revolution Dawn of the Industrial Age

  2. The Industrial Revolution For thousands of years, most people lived in small farming villages During the mid-1700s, the Industrial Revolution changed the way of life for humanity

  3. The Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution began in Britain The Industrial Revolution was a long, slow process in which production shifted from handmade products to machine-made products The Industrial Revolution slowly spread from Britain to the rest of Europe, North America, and around the world

  4. Life Changes as Industry Spreads Prior to 1750, most people worked the land, made their own clothing and grew their own food Most people traveled no farther than the local town to exchange goods With the onset of the Industrial Revolution, rural way of life disappeared, and villages began to grow into industrialized cities where people could buy food and clothing

  5. Life Changes as Industry Spreads New inventions such as the train and steamship allowed travelers and ideas to move rapidly between countries and continents Improved communication and transportation allowed new inventions and scientific discoveries to come out quicker and more efficiently

  6. Agriculture Spurs Industry Agricultural Revolution helped to spur the Industrial Revolution The Dutch led the way in this new Agricultural Revolution, building dikes (reclaim land from the sea), combine smaller fields into larger ones (better use of land) and using fertilizer

  7. Agriculture Spurs Industry In the 1700s, British expanded on Dutch innovations Farm journals allowed exchange of farming methods Farmers tested mixing soils, crop rotation, and planting turnips to restore exhausted soil Jethro Tull invented a machine to deposit seeds in rows rather than scattering them wastefully

  8. The Enclosure Movement Rich landowners pushed ahead with enclosure (the process of taking over and consolidating land formerly shared by peasant farmers) Landowners wanted to create larger fields that could be cultivated more efficiently, supported by British Parliament through legislation

  9. The Enclosure Movement As farms became enclosed, output and profits rose Farmers needed fewer workers Movement did have large human costs Laborers thrown out of work Small farmers forced off land Jobless workers moved to towns and cities, forming a growing labor force that would tend the machines of the Industrial Revolution

  10. Population Multiplies Agricultural Revolution contributed to rapid population growth Agricultural Revolution reduced the risk of death due to famine due to surplus food Better food made people healthier Better hygiene, sanitation, and improved healthcare slowed deaths from disease

  11. New Technology The development of new technology helped trigger the Industrial Revolution New sources of energy and materials helped to change the way manufacturing was accomplished 1712: British inventor Thomas Newcomen developed a steam engine powered by coal

  12. New Technology 1764: James Watt made improvements to the steam engine that eventually became the key power source of the Industrial Revolution In 1709 Abraham Darby began using coal instead of charcoal to smelt iron (the process of separating iron from its ore) Iron became a staple building material for the Industrial Revolution

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