Catastrophism and uniformitarianism are two contrasting processes that have shaped Earth's surface over time. Catastrophism involves sudden, violent events like volcanoes and earthquakes, while uniformitarianism relies on gradual processes such as erosion. Geologists study these processes to underst

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Geomorphology, derived from Greek roots for earth and study, focuses on the origin and evolution of Earth's surface features. Geomorphologists study landforms above sea level and the interface between solid Earth, Hydrosphere, atmosphere, and Lithosphere. The fundamental concepts of geomorphology in

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Explore the mysteries of Earth's past through fossils, rocks, and geological evidence. Learn how paleontologists decipher ancient life and environments, from unique preservation methods to the principles of catastrophism and uniformitarianism. Delve into the formation of fossils and the slow process

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Geologists determine the ages of rocks and the Earth using principles like Uniformitarianism, Relative Age, Law of Superposition, and Principle of Original Horizontality. By analyzing rock layers, sedimentary structures, and unconformities, they estimate Earth's age to be around 4.6 billion years ol

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