The spleen, an important organ in the reticuloendothelial system, plays key roles in red blood cell quality control, antibody synthesis, and removal of bacteria and red blood cells. Understanding normal spleen size and functions is crucial in diagnosing splenomegaly, which can be due to various caus

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Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) include a group of disorders characterized by overproduction of blood cells. The WHO classification outlines eight disorders with varied clinical presentations and potential for transformation. These disorders, such as CML, CNL, and PV, exhibit significant phenoty

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B-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia (B-PLL) is a rare disorder that mainly affects older patients, presenting with splenomegaly and high white blood cell counts. CLL-related conditions like Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis and Richter's syndrome can further complicate the prognosis, especially in elderly

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This presentation by Dr. Amr Ahmed Hamed, a lecturer at Sohag University, explores various fever associations and clinical presentations related to tropical medicine and gastroenterology. Topics covered include fever with jaundice, sweating, rigors, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, rash, lymphadenopathy,

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Portal hypertension is a serious condition often associated with cirrhosis. Causes include cirrhosis and non-cirrhotic conditions. Symptoms range from asymptomatic to complications like variceal hemorrhage, ascites, and splenomegaly. Preventive measures, such as nonselective beta-blockers, are cruci

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Mrs. GE, a retired market researcher, presents with increasing fatigue, night sweats, abnormal blood film, and splenomegaly. Her medical history includes surgeries and hypertension. Examination reveals reduced air entry in the chest and calf swelling. Further investigations indicate a large B-cell l

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