Nutritional diseases arise from imbalances between the body's nutrient and energy requirements and their supply. Nutritional deficiencies can lead to clinical diseases, while excessive intake can result in diseases of affluence. Common nutritional disorders include low birth weight, PEM, obesity, go

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The prevention, control, and treatment of nutritional and metabolic diseases in zoo and wild animals are essential for maintaining their health. These diseases, such as rickets, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and fibrous osteodystrophy, can result from imbalances in dietary nutrients and metabolic dera

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Rickets is a metabolic bone disorder primarily caused by deficiencies in vitamin D, calcium, or phosphorus. This leads to softening and weakening of bones, affecting bone growth and remodeling. Genetic, nutritional, and hormonal abnormalities contribute to this condition, impacting young growing ani

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Calcium and phosphorus are crucial minerals for animal health, with calcium being the most abundant mineral in the body. They play essential roles in nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, and bone structure. Deficiencies in these minerals can lead to conditions like rickets, osteomalacia,

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Rickets is a metabolic bone disorder primarily caused by vitamin D, calcium, or phosphorus deficiency. It leads to softening and weakening of bones, affecting young growing animals. Genetic defects, dietary deficiencies, and malabsorption are common causes. The pathophysiology involves decreased cal

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