The Maine Health Data Organization (MHDO) is mandated to collect pricing component data from prescription drug manufacturers, wholesale drug distributors, and pharmacy benefit managers. This data includes information on costs and payments related to making prescription drugs available to consumers.

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Polymeric controlled drug delivery systems play a crucial role in regulating drug release through diffusion, solvent penetration, and chemical mechanisms. These systems include diffusion-controlled, solvent-controlled, and chemically-controlled devices, each operating based on specific principles. S

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Nasopulmonary drug delivery system, utilizing the nasal route for drug administration, offers advantages such as hepatic first-pass metabolism avoidance and rapid drug absorption. This system is beneficial for pharmacologically active compounds with poor stability in gastrointestinal fluids. While i

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Enrollment in Medicare stand-alone prescription drug plans slightly declined between 2020 and 2021. The rates of enrollment vary between rural and urban states, with higher enrollment in rural states with low Medicare Advantage rates. Across counties, enrollment in prescription drug plans ranges fro

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The Hatch-Waxman Act, also known as The Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act, was enacted in 1984 to amend patent laws and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. It aims to reduce costs associated with generic drug approval, allow early experimental use, compensate branded drug

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Economists have developed models on price-output determination under price leadership, with assumptions about leader and follower behavior. In this scenario, two firms, A and B, with equal market share and homogeneous products, navigate pricing strategies based on cost differentials. Firm A, with lo

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In drug development, in-vitro dissolution testing plays a crucial role in evaluating drug release from tablets when in-vivo bioavailability studies are limited. By ensuring drug release is close to 100% and uniform batch to batch, these tests help assess drug availability and effectiveness. Regulato

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Weighted price indices are essential in economics to measure changes in prices over time. Different methods such as Laspeyre's and Paasche's price indices offer ways to calculate these indices using weighted averages. Fisher's index combines both methods to provide a comprehensive view. The weighted

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Drug abuse is a serious issue involving various substances like prescription drugs, alcohol, and illegal drugs. This includes terms and definitions, effects on the body and mind, stages of addiction, and withdrawal symptoms. Factors influencing drug action and reasons for drug use are also explored.

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Public opinion polls from 2015 to 2020, conducted by KFF Health Tracking Polls, reveal insights on Americans' views on prescription drugs. Key findings include the prevalence of prescription drug use, concerns about affordability, and challenges faced by individuals in affording their medication. Th

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Learn how to calculate the cost of veterinary prescriptions based on total dosage, drug strength, and unit cost. Two scenarios are provided with detailed calculations for determining the total cost of the prescription. Understand how to convert units, calculate total dosage required, determine the n

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The Nordic Prescription Registers in Iceland provide detailed data on prescription drug dispensing, covering variables such as drug user information, dispensing details, prescriber data, pharmacy information, and more. The database includes information on all reimbursed and non-reimbursed prescripti

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Price indices play a crucial role in measuring changes in prices of goods and services. This presentation covers the construction of price indices, defining purposes, selecting base periods, assigning weights, and more. Explore the purpose, scope, and coverage of price indices as measures of inflati

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Prescription drug abuse is a growing concern, with millions of emergency department visits related to drug misuse or abuse annually. Non-compliance and lack of standardization in testing processes add complexity to monitoring and detecting drug abuse. Pain management panels include various opioids,

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Proposal recommendations for the Prescription Drug Task Force in Michigan include enhancing transparency in cost information, holding stakeholders accountable, improving accessibility to drugs from Canada, ensuring affordability through rate setting and tax credits, and implementing measures to addr

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Explore the pharmaceutical perspective on prescription opioids, the impact of pain as a vital sign, sources of misused prescription opioids, non-medical use statistics, heroin trends, and CDC guidelines to limit opioid prescribing. Gain insights on the complexities surrounding opioid misuse and the

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The Virginia Prescription Monitoring Program (PMP) aims to track and analyze prescription drug usage to combat substance abuse. Through a comprehensive database, the program helps healthcare providers, law enforcement, and patients access vital information to prevent misuse and overdose deaths. The

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The integration of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMP) in pharmacy practice plays a crucial role in improving clinical decision-making and supporting pharmacists' professional judgment. By discussing the pharmacist's role in dispensing controlled substance prescriptions, assessing the impac

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U.S. prescription drug spending data from 2005 to 2025 shows trends in various payer contributions, with predictions for future years. Medicare Part D's drug spending is broken down, revealing top drugs and rebate percentages. The total Medicare spending in 2015 and average annual growth in Medicare

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Research Department in Finland, led by Leena K. Saastamoinen from The Social Insurance Institution (Kela), focuses on prescription registers and essential demographics, including the size of the population. The department collaborates with relevant institutions and is located in Helsinki. They manag

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Efforts in Lane County to prevent prescription drug overdose include forming alliances, organizing educational sessions for prescribers, promoting Naloxone access, and engaging with the community and law enforcement. Initiatives also involve monitoring and addressing risky prescribing practices and

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This report delves into the sources and parameters of prescription drug coverage in Medicare enrollees with chronic kidney disease (CKD) for the years 2010 to 2015. It explores the trends in Medicare Part D enrollment, out-of-pocket costs, and catastrophic coverage benefits. The data presented sheds

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SPF-Rx is a strategic prevention framework initiated by SAMHSA to address prescription drug abuse, focusing on raising awareness about medication dangers, overprescribing risks, and community prevention activities. The program targets youth aged 12-17 and adults 18+, aiming to combat prescription dr

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The Florida Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) monthly report for September 2021 provides detailed information on controlled substance dispensations, including the number of prescriptions by drug type and year; opioid, stimulant, and benzodiazepine prescriptions by month; indicators by mont

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Explore the Illinois Statewide Epidemiological Profile on Prescription Drug and Opioid Misuse, developed by the Illinois Statewide Epidemiological Outcomes Workgroup and funded by Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. The profile covers consumption, prevalence, contributing fact

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The figures depict the alarming rise in drug-involved overdose deaths in the United States over the period 1999-2020. Figure 1 shows the number of deaths by gender, Figure 2 highlights specific drug categories involved, Figure 3 focuses on opioid-related deaths categorized by gender, and Figure 4 de

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Prescription drug spending experienced significant growth in 2014, driven by costly specialty drugs. Medicare emerged as a major payer for prescription medications, with notable increases since 2004. While most individuals can afford their prescription drugs, a significant portion still struggles wi

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The World Drug Report 2020 highlights the strong correlation between socioeconomic factors and drug use disorders. Studies reveal that communities facing poverty, violence, and social inequality are at a higher risk of drug overdoses and addiction. Factors like income inequality, lack of social capi

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Targeted clinical investigation plays a crucial role in pharmacovigilance by further evaluating significant risks identified in pre-approval clinical trials. This involves conducting pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies, genetic testing, interaction studies, and large simplified trials to ass

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The process of constructing a price index involves various steps such as computation of price relatives, aggregation at different levels, selection of base period, and designing data collection methods. Weighted arithmetic mean and simple ratio calculations are used in aggregating price indices. A t

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Key findings from KFF Health Tracking Polls conducted between 2015-2019 reveal that a significant percentage of Americans face challenges affording prescription drugs despite the widespread use of medication. The survey highlights the impact of costs on medication adherence, showing that many indivi

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Elasticity in economics refers to the responsiveness of demand to price changes. A more elastic curve results in larger quantity changes for small price changes, while a less elastic curve requires larger price changes to affect quantity consumed. The elasticity of demand can be measured by calculat

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Price elasticity of supply measures how much the quantity supplied responds to changes in price. It can be inelastic (quantity supplied responds slightly), elastic (quantity supplied responds substantially), or unit-elastic (price elasticity of supply equals 1). Various determinants like the passage

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Elasticity of demand refers to the responsiveness of quantity demanded to changes in price. Perfectly elastic demand occurs when there is an infinite demand at a particular price and demand becomes zero with a slight rise in price. Conversely, perfectly inelastic demand occurs when there is no chang

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Understanding the dangers of teen prescription drug abuse is crucial for young influencers. This workshop equips teens with knowledge on dispelling myths, communicating effectively, and taking an active role in prevention. By recognizing the risks, such as accidental overdose, addiction, and even de

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Chief Judge John A. Woodcock, Jr. of the United States District Court in Maine discusses the alarming rates of prescription drug abuse in the state. The consequences of this abuse are highlighted, including the staggering number of pharmaceutical overdose deaths, high school seniors using prescripti

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Explore the distinctions between drugs and medicines, understanding side effects, and the importance of prescriptions for certain drugs. Learn about common side effects, prescription medicines, prescription drug abuse, and the roles of different types of medications in our body. Gain insights into r

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The Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988 mandates federal grant recipients to implement zero-tolerance drug policies to maintain a drug-free environment. Employers must establish clear policies, conduct awareness programs, offer counseling and rehabilitation services, and impose penalties for violations.

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Price discrimination under monopoly occurs when businesses charge different prices to different consumer groups for the same product or service. Conditions for price discrimination include monopoly power, market segmentation, ability to separate consumer groups, and prevention of resale. Examples of

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The Inflation Reduction Act includes significant prescription drug provisions aimed at reducing costs and improving coverage. Key provisions involve government negotiation of drug prices, rebates for price increases, capping out-of-pocket expenses, limiting premium growth, enhancing access to insuli

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