Systemic mycoses are fungal infections caused by dimorphic fungi such as Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis, and Cryptococcus neoformans. Histoplasmosis is transmitted through inhalation of spores from soil or bat-infested caves, presenting with tuberculate macroconidia and microconidi

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This article discusses the anesthetic management of bronchoscopy for airway foreign body, including presentation, preoperative work-up, intraoperative management, and postoperative care. It highlights the incidence of foreign body inhalation, immediate and delayed presentations, findings on chest X-

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Rhinoscleroma is a chronic granulomatous condition of the nose caused by infection with the bacterium rhinoscleromatis. It primarily affects the nasal cavity but can also involve other respiratory tract structures. The disease is contracted through inhalation and exhibits distinct pathological stage

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Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia is a severe and frequently fatal respiratory disease affecting goats in India. Caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. Capripneumoniae, it is not transmissible to cattle or sheep. The disease spreads through close contact and inhalation of respiratory droplets, with

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Foot and Mouth Disease, also known as Aphthous fever, is a highly contagious viral infection affecting cloven-hoofed animals. It is characterized by the formation of vesicles and erosions in the mouth, nose, teats, and feet. The disease can cause a fall in milk yield, high fever, loss of appetite, a

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Glanders, also known as Farcy, Equinia, or Malleus, is a contagious disease affecting horses, mules, and donkeys. It is caused by the bacteria Pseudomonas mallei and can be transmitted through direct contact or inhalation. The disease manifests with nodules or ulcers in the respiratory tract and on

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Euthanasia is a humane practice in veterinary medicine to end an animal's suffering. This article explores the various euthanizing agents used, including inhalation and injectable agents. It also discusses the ideal characteristics of an euthanizing agent and their mechanisms of action. Additionally

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Explore the world of inhalation anaesthetics in veterinary medicine, from the concept of MAC to the classification of gaseous and volatile agents. Learn about blood/gas and oil/gas partition coefficients, along with the properties of popular volatile anaesthetics like Ether, Halothane, and Methoxyfl

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Penthrox (methoxyflurane) has shown effectiveness in reducing pain and anxiety in women undergoing abortion procedures under local anaesthesia. This novel inhalation agent offers rapid analgesia and anxiolysis, with lower pain scores and high patient satisfaction reported. The study highlights its p

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This information covers the occupational exposure to nitrous oxide, including its uses, chemical description, routes of exposure, health effects, monitoring methods, and regulatory exposure limits. Nitrous oxide is a colorless gas with various applications in medical, dental, and food processing ind

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Occupational exposure to formaldehyde is common in various industries and settings, including medical laboratories and mortuaries. Formaldehyde is used as a preservative, embalming agent, and in the manufacture of various products. It poses health risks through inhalation and skin exposure, potentia

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Understanding firestopping and compartmentation is crucial for frontline firefighters as it helps protect their work environment, identify and report fire safety hazards, and advocate for building codes that enhance safety. These practices are vital in minimizing the path of fire travel, preventing

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Cough is a reflex action to clear airways, often caused by viral infections. It can be productive or non-productive, acute, sub-acute, or chronic. Assessing cough duration, nature, associated symptoms, drug-induced or condition-induced factors is crucial. Non-pharmacological treatments include steam

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Analysis by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency outlines various exposure routes of honey bees to pesticides, including contact with contaminated sources like foliage and soil, ingestion of contaminated pollen and nectar, and inhalation of chemical droplets. Different application types and age

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This study conducted in the Eastern Coastal Area of Odisha, India, focuses on estimating radiation doses resulting from thoron and progeny inhalation in a high natural background radiation environment. The research explores exposure to thoron, its progeny, dose conversion factors, experimental techn

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The content discusses laboratory-acquired infections from 1930 to 2015 and highlights exposure routes such as facial mucous membranes, percutaneous, ingestion, inhalation, and non-traditional routes like eye and nasal cavity. It emphasizes the importance of biosafety practices, identifies GI pathoge

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This toolbox talk provides guidelines on minimizing exposure to ballast dust on worksites through the proper use of Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE). It emphasizes the importance of keeping dust exposure low and identifies roles requiring additional protection. Instructions on fitting disposab

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General anesthesia induces a reversible state of CNS depression, providing sedation, amnesia, muscle relaxation, reflex suppression, and analgesia. Preanesthetic medications prepare patients for the process, including antiemetics and anticholinergics. Anesthetics are delivered via inhalation or intr

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Triamcinolone is a potent synthetic corticosteroid used orally, by injection, inhalation, or topically for various eye conditions. Triamcinolone Acetonide, a more potent form, is commonly used in ophthalmology to manage inflammation. Chlorpromazine is suggested as an alternative to Retrobulbar Alcoh

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Swine flu, caused by H1N1 virus, presents with symptoms like fever, sore throat, and respiratory issues. It spreads through inhalation and contact. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective management. Individuals with flu-like symptoms and recent travel or contact history should be monitored. Unders

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Understanding the hazards of respirable crystalline silica in construction is crucial for preventing serious health issues among workers. This guidance highlights the risks associated with silica exposure, the new enforcement rules, and the importance of implementing control measures to minimize exp

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Foot and Mouth Disease is an acute, highly contagious illness affecting cloven-hoofed animals, causing vesicles and erosions in the mouth, nose, teats, and feet. The disease is caused by a positive sense, ss-RNA virus with various serotypes. Transmission occurs through inhalation, direct or indirect

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The global blow-fill-seal technology market is projected to hit USD 452.6 million by 2026. This technology is mainly used in pharmaceutical packaging for eye drops, inhalation products, infusions, and parental preparations. Key players in the market include Recipharm, Rommelag, Catalent, and more. T

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A successful collaboration involving government agencies, research organizations, universities, and industry players in the field of environmental science is exemplified through the case study presented. The collaboration led to the adoption of final test requirements related to the fuel additive MM

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Laboratory animal allergies pose a significant occupational hazard, with around 2 million workers at risk. Exposure routes include inhalation, skin contact, and ingestion. Factors such as pre-existing allergies, intensity of exposure, and secondhand exposure influence the likelihood of developing al

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This primer discusses the safety aspects of working with nanoparticles, emphasizing the unknown properties and potential health effects. It covers routes of exposure, inhalation hazards, and examples of incidental nanoparticles impacting human health. The content stresses the importance of researche

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Training is essential for proper use of dust masks to avoid a false sense of protection. When worn correctly, dust masks prevent inhalation of harmful particles, although they have limitations. NIOSH-approved masks offer better protection and come in various styles to suit workplace needs.

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Understanding toxicology is crucial to dealing with various types of intoxications, including accidental, foodborne, inhalation, industrial, and intentional exposures. Symptoms of toxic exposure can vary widely, affecting different body systems such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, and nervous sy

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The genus Cryptosporidium comprises intracellular organisms found in the gut and respiratory epithelium of various hosts, including humans and animals. These parasites have a unique life cycle involving thick-walled oocysts and can be transmitted through contaminated water or inhalation. Different s

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Ground-level ozone, a secondary pollutant formed by NOx and VOCs, poses significant health risks such as lung inflammation and respiratory illnesses. This article delves into the adverse effects of ozone inhalation, regulatory efforts, and a historical perspective, including the alarming levels reco

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Pasteurellosis, also known as Fowl Cholera, is an acute septicemic disease affecting domestic fowl and wild birds caused by Pasteurella multocida. This disease is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates, primarily impacting chickens, turkeys, and ducks. The disease spreads through health

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Oxygen inhalation is a vital medical intervention to treat low blood oxygen levels in children with respiratory issues. It helps manage hypoxia, maintain oxygen levels in the blood, and support normal cellular function. Common indications include cyanosis, breathlessness, anemia, and exposure to low

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A research study conducted by a group of researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi focused on assessing the inhalation risks associated with passive smoking. The study involved surveying 142 individuals who were divided into different groups based on age and exposure levels. Risk analy

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The Japan Petroleum Energy Center (JPEC) conducted extensive studies on Ethyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (ETBE) to assess its toxicity, carcinogenicity, and health risks. The research concluded that the use of 7% ETBE-blended gasoline in Japan does not pose significant human health risks through oral or i

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