Shock is a critical condition caused by an imbalance between cellular oxygen supply and demand, leading to organ dysfunction. Compensatory responses include increased heart rate, vasoconstriction, and hormonal adjustments. Recognizable features of shock include tachycardia, hypotension, cool clammy

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Comparative effectiveness study known as ESETT Trial aims to determine the most effective second-line agent for treating benzodiazepine-refractory status epilepticus in emergency departments. Fosphenytoin, valproic acid, and levetiracetam are common choices, but the best option remains uncertain. Th

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Understanding perioperative fluid therapy is crucial for maintaining normovolemia, achieving hemodynamic stability, and preventing complications. Factors such as total body water variation, fluid resuscitation goals, desirable outcomes, and fluid and electrolyte regulation play a critical role in en

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Explore the potential of using Zofran to address hypotension and bradycardia following subarachnoid block in obstetric patients. The discussion covers physiological effects, reflexes, serotonin receptors, Zofran pharmacology, literature review on its efficacy, dosing recommendations, and concerns ab

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Syncope is defined as a transient loss of consciousness due to cerebral hypoperfusion, with rapid onset and complete recovery. It poses risks of falls, trauma, and sudden death but is mostly benign in young individuals. Initial evaluation includes a thorough history, physical exam, and ECG. Classifi

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Acute presentation of a 19-year-old man with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) characterized by hyperglycemia, anion-gap acidosis, and ketosis. Clinical findings include dehydration, hyponatremia, hypotension, altered consciousness, and abdominal pain. Immediate management involves ABCs, fluid resuscitati

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Anesthesia providers often face challenges like hypotension during procedures. In such cases, increasing fluids can help expand blood volume temporarily. However, it is crucial to calculate the amount of fluid accurately to prevent complications like albumin washout, which can lead to further issues

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In a case of postoperative hypotension following a transurethral prostatectomy under spinal anesthesia, a 78-year-old patient presented with agitation and shivering in the PACU. Vital signs and pain scores were monitored, showing a blood pressure of 89/40, heart rate of 85/min, and respiratory rate

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A 78-year-old patient with a history of diabetes and hypertension developed hypotension post-transurethral prostatectomy under spinal anesthesia. Upon arrival in the postoperative care unit, the patient was agitated and shivering with a blood pressure of 89/40. The routine monitoring in PACU include

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This presentation discusses the pathophysiology of hypotension in neonates, the role of vasopressors and sedation in neonates with HIE, and the cardiovascular and pulmonary vascular effects of therapeutic hypothermia. It emphasizes the importance of a pathophysiology-based approach to managing vasop

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Shock, a state of systemic hypotension resulting in impaired tissue perfusion and cellular hypoxia, has various types such as cardiogenic, hypovolemic, septic, neurogenic, and anaphylactic shock. Each type has different mechanisms and causes, leading to decreased cardiac output and multiorgan failur

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Screening, enrollment, and inclusion/exclusion criteria insights for the Brain Oxygen Optimization in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Phase 3 Protocol are discussed. Key points include handling urgent patient queries, guidelines on hypotension and hypoxia, pupil assessment considerations, and su

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A 3-year-old child was admitted with severe dehydration due to persistent vomiting, alongside failure to thrive. Despite treatment, hypotension remained unresolved. Examination revealed ambiguous genitalia with clitoromegaly and absent gonads. Investigations showed electrolyte imbalances and hormona

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