Understanding Atrophic Rhinitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis
Atrophic rhinitis is a progressive chronic condition characterized by the atrophy of nasal mucosa and turbinates. It predominantly affects young to middle-aged adults, with females being more prone. Commonly isolated bacteria include Klebsiella ozaenae and others. The pathophysiology involves metapl
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Understanding Halitosis: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options
Halitosis, also known as bad breath, is characterized by an unpleasant odor in exhaled breath. It can be caused by factors such as certain foods, tobacco products, poor dental hygiene, oral diseases, sinus infections, and more. Self-diagnosis methods include licking the back of the wrist and using a
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