Realism in literature, originating in the mid-19th century in France and Russia, aimed to portray life authentically, devoid of idealistic elements. This introduction delves into how realistic novels focus on ordinary characters in everyday situations, steering clear of fantasy. Writers like Flauber

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Maxime Du Camp (1822-1894) was a French photographer and writer known for his exploration of Egypt with Gustave Flaubert. Their journey inspired Du Camp's renowned work, Égypte, Nubie, Palestine et Syrie, considered one of the earliest travel photography collections.

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Realism in France was marked by capturing truth without sentiment, covering new subjects like democracy and industrial revolution, and showcasing the ugly alongside beauty. Gustave Flaubert's work, "A Simple Heart," exemplifies these characteristics, reflecting the ordinary social world with ethical

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