The Age-Friendly app addresses the crucial issue of drug-drug interactions between current prescriptions and over-the-counter analgesics in the geriatric population. With a significant percentage of OTC sales attributed to older adults, there is an increased risk of adverse drug events due to polyph

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Drug regulation involves controlling drug use through international agreement authorities like the FDA, EMA, and PMDA. The FDA plays a crucial role in drug evaluation and research, biologic evaluation, devices, and food safety. There are various types of applications for drug approval, along with a

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The role of alcohols and phenols in drug molecules is crucial as they are frequently involved in hydrogen bonding interactions. By creating analogues with modified functional groups, such as ethers and esters, the importance of specific groups can be determined. The presence or absence of hydrogen b

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Polymeric controlled drug delivery systems play a crucial role in regulating drug release through diffusion, solvent penetration, and chemical mechanisms. These systems include diffusion-controlled, solvent-controlled, and chemically-controlled devices, each operating based on specific principles. S

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This comprehensive set of questions and answers covers topics related to drug excretion and renal pharmacology. It includes information on glomerular filtration, drug excretion mechanisms, dosage adjustments in renal impairment, factors influencing drug excretion, and the effects of long-term NSAID

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Nasopulmonary drug delivery system, utilizing the nasal route for drug administration, offers advantages such as hepatic first-pass metabolism avoidance and rapid drug absorption. This system is beneficial for pharmacologically active compounds with poor stability in gastrointestinal fluids. While i

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Pharmacodynamics involves studying the effects of drugs on biochemical and physiological levels, focusing on drug actions through receptor-mediated and non-receptor mechanisms. The interaction between drugs and targets like proteins and enzymes impacts cellular functions. Different binding forces, s

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The physicochemical properties of drugs play a crucial role in their pharmacological effects. These properties include physical and chemical characteristics that influence interactions with biomolecules. Solubility, partition coefficient, and dissociation constant are key factors affecting drug beha

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A formulary is a dynamic list of medications curated by healthcare professionals to guide drug selection based on efficacy, safety, cost, and patient acceptability. It plays a vital role in promoting evidence-based and cost-effective drug therapy, improving communication between prescribers and phar

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Understanding the reasons behind drug usage among teens, this lesson provides valuable resources and strategies to stay drug-free. It emphasizes the importance of making healthy decisions and offers alternatives to drug use. Additionally, it highlights the significance of saying no to drugs, provide

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The Hatch-Waxman Act, also known as The Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act, was enacted in 1984 to amend patent laws and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. It aims to reduce costs associated with generic drug approval, allow early experimental use, compensate branded drug

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Explore the world of molecules and molecular formulae, starting from the basic structure of atoms to bonding and predicting chemical formulae. Learn about valency, how atoms bond to form molecules, and how to predict chemical formulas for different elements. Discover the significance of electron con

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Dive into the world of molecular structures and smells in chemistry with a focus on distinguishing between molecules with the same formula but different properties. Understand the significance of structural formulas, recognize isomers, and predict the smells of new molecules based on their chemical

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Biopharmaceutics explores how drug properties and administration methods impact drug absorption. Factors affecting oral absorption include membrane physiology and drug partitioning based on pH levels. The pH partition theory, explained by Brodie et al., highlights the role of drug lipid solubility a

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In drug development, in-vitro dissolution testing plays a crucial role in evaluating drug release from tablets when in-vivo bioavailability studies are limited. By ensuring drug release is close to 100% and uniform batch to batch, these tests help assess drug availability and effectiveness. Regulato

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Pharmacodynamics explores how drugs interact with receptors in the body, affecting the magnitude of drug effects based on concentration. Graded dose-response relationships, potency, and efficacy play key roles in determining drug efficiency. Potency reflects the amount of drug needed for a specific

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Delve into the complex processes of drug absorption, excretion, and bioavailability in the human body. Learn about the various factors affecting drug absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, including biological, physiochemical, and pharmaceutical factors. Explore the mechanisms of drug transport

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Explore the quantitative aspects of drug action, including drug receptor binding, concentration binding curves, dose-response curves, and types of antagonism. Learn to relate drug concentration to receptor binding capacity and response produced. Discover how concentration binding curves and dose-res

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Explore key topics such as the definition of drugs for DRE purposes, basic drug statistics, review of symptomatology, and vital signs assessment in the context of Drug Recognition Expert (DRE) training. Learn about CNS depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, and analogs, as well as vital signs like

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This presentation at the Asian Criminological Society Conference 2020 delves into the current situation, dilemmas, and responses regarding juvenile drug crime prevention in Taiwan. The presenter, Zeng Li-Wen, a PhD student at Central Police University in Taiwan, provides valuable insights based on t

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Drug abuse is a serious issue involving various substances like prescription drugs, alcohol, and illegal drugs. This includes terms and definitions, effects on the body and mind, stages of addiction, and withdrawal symptoms. Factors influencing drug action and reasons for drug use are also explored.

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Explore the intricate world of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, from drug absorption to their interaction with biological molecules. Learn about different drug targets, such as proteins and ions, and how drugs alter their biochemical and biophysical activities. Dive into molecular mechanisms o

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In organic chemistry, carbon atoms can form diverse molecules by bonding to four other atoms, leading to molecular complexity and diversity. The versatile nature of carbon allows for the formation of various carbon skeletons, contributing to the vast array of organic compounds. Hydrocarbons, consist

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The United Nations observes 26th June as the International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking to combat substance abuse worldwide. Various initiatives like the National Drug Master Plan, Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan, and the National Action Plan for Drug Demand Reduction aim to raise aware

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This mid-course review covers key aspects such as defining drugs, naming drug categories and subcategories, identifying drug categories for specific drugs, components of drug influence evaluation, and examinations conducted as part of the evaluation process. The content also includes identifying dru

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Infrared spectroscopy plays a crucial role in studying planetary molecules like NH3, PH3, and CH3CN, aiding in planetary observations and spacecraft missions. Ground-based observatories and spacecraft like GALILEO and Cassini/Huygens provide valuable data for analyzing planetary spectra and modeling

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Internal rotation in molecules, such as the methyl group in acetaldehyde and methyl acetate, involves large amplitude motions hindered by potential barriers. Quantum energy levels split due to tunneling effects, impacting rotational and torsional energy levels. Theoretical models like the Rho Axis M

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Exploring the water cycle and states of matter, this lesson delves into how ideas about water molecules aid in explaining evaporation and condensation. Through diagrams, simulations, and real-life scenarios, students learn about the movement and changes of water molecules. By comparing their ideas w

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The World Drug Report 2020 highlights the strong correlation between socioeconomic factors and drug use disorders. Studies reveal that communities facing poverty, violence, and social inequality are at a higher risk of drug overdoses and addiction. Factors like income inequality, lack of social capi

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Particle diagrams of liquids, solids, and gases reflect distinct arrangements due to intermolecular forces. The existence of substances as gases, liquids, or solids at room temperature is attributed to the forces between molecules known as intermolecular forces (IMF), with dispersion forces being th

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Targeted clinical investigation plays a crucial role in pharmacovigilance by further evaluating significant risks identified in pre-approval clinical trials. This involves conducting pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies, genetic testing, interaction studies, and large simplified trials to ass

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India has been a key player in drug development efforts, with organizations like CDRI, DRDO, and Ranbaxy leading the way in producing a diverse range of therapeutic molecules. With 87% of WHO-prequalified drugs in the SEAR region manufactured in India, the country has made significant contributions

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This research delves into the identification of personalized drug targets using network propagation methods. The study explores how knocking out good drug targets can reverse disease-related effects, focusing on gene expression signatures, small molecules, genes, and disease connectivity. The approa

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This content explores various advanced ophthalmic drug delivery systems including erodible ophthalmic inserts, soluble ocular drug inserts, new ophthalmic drug delivery systems, and bioadhesive ophthalmic drug inserts. These innovative systems aim to provide accurate dosing, prolonged drug release,

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Research conducted by VADOC indicates a total of 570 state responsible inmates incarcerated for marijuana-related offenses as of August 31, 2021. Among them, 229 inmates had non-drug-related Most Serious Offenses, 331 were convicted for Drug Sales MSO, and 10 were convicted for Drug Possession MSO.

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Center for Court Innovation has introduced a new National Drug Court Online Learning System aimed at assisting drug court professionals. This system offers free access to web-based training, expert video lessons, virtual site visits to drug treatment courts, practitioner interviews, and a resource l

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The Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988 mandates federal grant recipients to implement zero-tolerance drug policies to maintain a drug-free environment. Employers must establish clear policies, conduct awareness programs, offer counseling and rehabilitation services, and impose penalties for violations.

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Kinetic proofreading is a crucial mechanism by which the body accurately discriminates between closely-related molecules, such as mRNA codons and tRNA molecules in the process of protein synthesis. This process ensures that the correct molecules bind together, preventing errors that could have sever

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This presentation discusses the use of cloud-based high-performance virtual screening in novel drug discovery, addressing the challenges in finding developable hit molecules and drug candidates. The case study team comprises experts from various institutions working on computational infrastructure,

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Azole therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is crucial for managing antifungal therapy due to factors like drug interactions, compliance issues, disease severity, and pharmacokinetic variability. This monitoring helps ensure optimal drug levels are maintained for effective treatment. Different TDM metho

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