In social organization, cultures have evolved through bands, tribes, and chiefdoms. Bands are small, egalitarian groups practicing hunting and gathering. Tribes support larger populations with agrarian lifestyles and temporary land ownership. Chiefdoms, the most complex, are stratified societies wit

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The journey through Chapter 1 delves into the collision of worlds between Native Americans and European settlers from 1450 to 1600. It uncovers the experiences of the first Americans, the rise of American empires like the Aztec and Incan civilizations, and the development of chiefdoms and confederac

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The Olmec Civilization, considered the mother civilization of Mesoamerica, emerged from competing chiefdoms where rulers served as religious leaders. They thrived in agriculture, building mounds, pyramids, and temples. Their religious practices included mound building, bloodletting, and ritual sacri

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