Understanding the Prenatal Diagnostics Techniques Act of 1994 in India
The Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques Act of 1994 in India aims to curb female foeticide and address the dwindling sex ratio by prohibiting prenatal sex determination. This legislation regulates diagnostic methods, prevents sex selection, and focuses on detecting genetic disorders, metabolic abnormalit
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Understanding Anorectal Malformations in Pediatric Surgery
Anorectal malformations are congenital abnormalities involving the development of the anal canal and sphincter muscles. They may present with imperforate anus, fistulous connections, or rectal atresia. Classification in males and females helps in determining the types of surgical treatments required
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Understanding Functional GI Disorders: A Comprehensive Overview
Functional GI disorders encompass a range of conditions affecting the gastrointestinal system, such as irritable bowel syndrome and disorders of the gut-brain interaction. These disorders are characterized by no structural abnormalities but are influenced by factors like motility disturbance, viscer
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Understanding Gastroschisis: Clinical Features, Epidemiology, and Etiology
Gastroschisis is a birth defect involving herniation of intestines outside the abdomen. This presentation covers clinical features, epidemiological aspects like prevalence rates and risk factors, along with insights into its etiology. Learn to differentiate gastroschisis from omphalocele, recognize
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Nutritional Requirements for Infants, Breastfeeding, and Pregnancy
Breast milk powder provides adequate protein for infants, while cow and human milk have varying qualities. Essential fatty acids are crucial for skin integrity and growth, and infants may need iron supplementation if formula-fed. Pregnancy nutrition is vital for fetal development, with deficiencies
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Perianal Suppuration: Abscess & Fistula Overview
Anorectal suppuration can lead to acute anal sepsis (abscess) or chronic anal fistula. This condition involves glandular secretions, infection, and suppuration, often originating from cryptoglandular sources. It can be caused by various specific conditions like Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, T
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Understanding Facial Nerve Disorders: An Overview
Facial nerve disorders can lead to various symptoms such as facial paralysis and otalgia. This article covers the embryology, anatomy, and neuropathophysiology of the facial nerve. The development of the facial nerve complex occurs in the early stages of gestation, and abnormalities may be associate
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Understanding Congenital Malformations of Brain and Skull Part 1: Embryology and Neurulation
This educational material explores the embryological development of brain and skull structures, focusing on neurulation processes, formation of brain vesicles, and potential errors leading to malformations. From neurulation initiation to neuronal proliferation and migration, the content delves into
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