Ethics delve into Meta Ethics, Normative Ethics, and Applied Ethics to understand moral concepts and decision-making. The discourse covers various ethical theories like Absolutism, Relativism, Subjectivism, and explores the difference between Teleological and Deontological decision-making. Thought-p

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Liberalism, a prominent political ideology, emerged in the 19th century and is closely linked to capitalism. It stands against absolutism and feudal privileges, advocating for individualism, freedom, reason, equality, toleration, consent, and constitutionalism. The evolution of liberalism emphasized

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The 18th century witnessed significant changes in European states, marked by the emergence of natural laws, natural rights, and enlightened absolutism. Concepts such as patronage, balance of power, and primogeniture also played pivotal roles. The era saw the implementation of reason of state and the

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Habsburg Austria lost and acquired territories, Maria Theresa inherited lands with the Pragmatic Sanction, leading to a diverse Hapsburg Empire. The rise of the Hohenzollerns in Brandenburg-Prussia saw Frederick William and Frederick the Great consolidating power through military and administrative

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The French Revolution was influenced by Enlightenment philosophers like Thomas Hobbes, Rousseau, Voltaire, and Montesquieu. Their ideas on social contracts, collective sovereignty, enlightened absolutism, and the need for checks and balances challenged the traditional Ancien Régime's feudalism, pri

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The Enlightenment era in Modern France brought forth significant political ideas and discussions, including Thomas Hobbes' concept of social contract and Rousseau's emphasis on collective sovereignty. Montesquieu advocated for checks-and-balances in government, while Voltaire promoted enlightened ab

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The evaluation of Natural Moral Law explores the contrast between relativism and absolutism, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of a deontological approach. It discusses how NML provides universal moral truths, clear answers in times of uncertainty, and sets boundaries for ethical behavio

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Engage students with daily warm-up exercises focusing on historical concepts and critical thinking questions. Topics include world history, leadership qualities, Divine Right, Peter the Great, Absolutism, and Louis XIV. Each warm-up encourages reflection, analysis, and discussion to enhance learning

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Mutual contacts in Sikh history have left monuments of bigotry, yet the Golden Temple stands as a symbol of universal culture and a meeting ground for all. Grounded in Sikh doctrine, it represents a stance against absolutism and serves as the hub of the Sikh world, embodying the principles of respec

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Social, economic, and religious conflicts in Europe played a significant role in the emergence of absolutism where monarchs wielded supreme power without sharing it with legislative bodies. Events like Spain's religious conflicts, Protestantism in England, the Spanish Armada, religious conflict in t

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Natural Law Theory, influenced by Aristotle and Christian ethics, asserts that there are universal norms based on intrinsic goodness. Aquinas emphasized the importance of human rationality, linking reason to moral precepts and virtues. The theory promotes the idea of a final purpose for humans and t

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