Understanding Competition and Adaptation in Nature
Animals and plants compete for limited resources to survive in their environments. Competition drives adaptation, where the best-adapted organisms emerge as winners, ensuring their survival. Various examples from the animal and plant kingdoms illustrate how organisms compete and adapt to their surroundings.
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Competition and adaptation * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
What are they competing for? Which will win? What will happen to the loser? Image:Peacock 2.JPG Image:White peacock.jpg A or Albino peacock Normal peacock or B * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments Scented rose Unscented rose
How are these organisms adapted to their environment? http://fohn.net/camel-pictures-facts/the-pictures/Arabian-Camel.jpg http://assets.worldwildlife.org/photos/2330/images/hero_small/polar-bear-hero.jpg?1345901694 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Grand_prismatic_spring.jpg/300px-Grand_prismatic_spring.jpg Extra challenge: Thermophile bacteria * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
What do we mean by competition? http://ukpolicymatters.thelancet.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/competition1.jpg * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Why do animals and plants compete? Competition: Animals and plants have to compete for limited resources. The best adapted animals or plants will win and survive. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Task 1: What might animals compete for? * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Plants and animals compete with each other for the things they need. The organism that is better adapted will win the competition and survive. The organism that loses will either die or move to another habitat. Animals mainly compete for: Food Territory A mate Plants mainly compete for: Water/minerals from the soil Sunlight * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Competition in animals: video clips Clip 1: Predators & prey Resource How are the predators and prey competing? What adaptations do they have to help them? Clip 2: How does the bird attract mates? Explain what plants and animals compete for. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Food http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A0E6geAq1k8 Predators http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ygh1-ul6E94 Mates http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GPbWJPsBPdA * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Clip 1: Resource How are the predators and prey competing? Wolf-to get food What adaptations do they have to help them? Run fast, good sense of smell, sharp teeth, good sight and hearing, Food Long legs to run fast, eyes on side of head to see predators Caribou-competing not to get eaten * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Clip 2: Attracting mates Sings. Males with the most complicated songs will attract more females Builds a bower and collects brightly coloured objects to decorate it. Females mate with males that have the most decorated bower. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Task 2: What might plants compete for? * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
What do plants compete for? Plants shed seeds far away so the parent plant is not in competition with its offspring Water Light To keep tissues rigid and supported and for photosynthesis Minerals & nutrients from the soil So plants can make all the chemicals they need in their cells Space For photosynthesis. Making food using the energy from the sun LO: Explain what plants and animals compete for. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Watch the 2 David Attenborough clips Copy the table into your book and fill it in Name of plant What it is competing for How it competes successfully Clip 1: Clip 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=igkjcuw_n_U (Amazon lily) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=trWzDlRvv1M&NR=1 (Pitcher plant) * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
What is different about competition in plants and animals? LO: Compare competition in plants and animals. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
What are the animals competing for in each picture? pics/200410815336186zebra and oryx.jpg What happens if they lose? Move area, Adopt new strategies, Extinct/die * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Adaptation * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-AYz87P3lj0c/T9C7Rk4BMvI/AAAAAAAAACo/6rIwZ1twf0o/s1600/tiger-camouflage.jpghttp://3.bp.blogspot.com/-AYz87P3lj0c/T9C7Rk4BMvI/AAAAAAAAACo/6rIwZ1twf0o/s1600/tiger-camouflage.jpg * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
* ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://thebestgardening.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/aloe-vera-plants-and-other-succulents.jpghttp://thebestgardening.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/aloe-vera-plants-and-other-succulents.jpg ALOE VERA * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://thebestgardening.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/aloe-vera-plants-and-other-succulents.jpghttp://thebestgardening.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/aloe-vera-plants-and-other-succulents.jpg ALOE VERA No true leaves, which would lose water rapidly. Has a shallow but very large network of roots letting it absorb lots of water when it rains. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Arctic hare. http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/002/cache/arctic-hare_218_600x450.jpg * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/002/cache/arctic-hare_218_600x450.jpghttp://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/002/cache/arctic-hare_218_600x450.jpg Arctic hare. Insulating fat layer and thick fur reduce heat loss. White fur in winter for camouflage. Becomes grey in summer. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://www.wild-facts.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/728px-Btjackrabbit.jpghttp://www.wild-facts.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/728px-Btjackrabbit.jpg Desert hare * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://www.wild-facts.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/728px-Btjackrabbit.jpghttp://www.wild-facts.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/728px-Btjackrabbit.jpg Desert hare - Thin fur coat that allows heat loss. - Large ears that radiate heat out. - Very little insulating body fat. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://fineartgermany.com/images-medium/osprey-catching-trout-scott-linstead.jpghttp://fineartgermany.com/images-medium/osprey-catching-trout-scott-linstead.jpg Osprey * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://fineartgermany.com/images-medium/osprey-catching-trout-scott-linstead.jpghttp://fineartgermany.com/images-medium/osprey-catching-trout-scott-linstead.jpg Osprey - Sharp talons for catching prey and holding it. - Muscular legs for lifting prey. - binocular vision. Allows excellent distance judgement Forward facing eyes giving * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Barracuda_with_prey.jpghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Barracuda_with_prey.jpg Baracuda * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Sharp teeth and strong jaws for catching and eating prey. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Barracuda_with_prey.jpg streamlined shape to reduce friction when moving through water gills have a large surface area so that oxygen can be extracted from the surrounding water fins provide stability, power and control * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://www.botany.org/carnivorous_plants/images/Drosera-DW-7.jpghttp://www.botany.org/carnivorous_plants/images/Drosera-DW-7.jpg Drosera (Sun dew plant). Nicknamed the sticky fly trap plant. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://www.botany.org/carnivorous_plants/images/Drosera-DW-7.jpghttp://www.botany.org/carnivorous_plants/images/Drosera-DW-7.jpg Drosera (Sun dew plant). Nicknamed the sticky fly trap plant. - Produces a sugary substance that attracts insects. - Insect movement triggers sticky hairs hold the insect. - Plant makes enzymes that digest the insect. - Lives in low nutrient soils so gets nutrients from insects. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
https://facinatingamazinganimals.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/a308_c2.jpg?w=538https://facinatingamazinganimals.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/a308_c2.jpg?w=538 Flounder fish * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
https://facinatingamazinganimals.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/a308_c2.jpg?w=538https://facinatingamazinganimals.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/a308_c2.jpg?w=538 Flounder fish - Camouflaged against the sea bed. - Upward facing eyes to look for predators and food. - Muscular body and large back fin allows burrowing into sand and fast movement along sea bed. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Lion http://www.bbc.co.uk/bigcat/animals/images/lions/lion2.jpg * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Lion http://www.bbc.co.uk/bigcat/animals/images/lions/lion2.jpg -Camouflaged against dry grass allowing prey to be stalked . -Forward facing eyes allow good distance judgement. - Sharp retractable claws for holding prey. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_ImO-1Q0YCIw/TGe8id-fxlI/AAAAAAAAAvM/2lHloqq_JHY/s1600/arabian-gazelle.jpghttp://2.bp.blogspot.com/_ImO-1Q0YCIw/TGe8id-fxlI/AAAAAAAAAvM/2lHloqq_JHY/s1600/arabian-gazelle.jpg Desert gazelle * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_ImO-1Q0YCIw/TGe8id-fxlI/AAAAAAAAAvM/2lHloqq_JHY/s1600/arabian-gazelle.jpghttp://2.bp.blogspot.com/_ImO-1Q0YCIw/TGe8id-fxlI/AAAAAAAAAvM/2lHloqq_JHY/s1600/arabian-gazelle.jpg Desert gazelle - Highly efficient kidneys that waste little water. - Long thin legs allow heat loss from the underside of the animal. - Thin fur and large ears allow rapid heat loss. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Compare these two hares and suggest reasons for one of their differences. (A grade) http://www.wild-facts.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/728px-Btjackrabbit.jpg http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/002/cache/arctic-hare_218_600x450.jpg * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Looking at the four photographs, complete the table. http://www.hdwallpapers.in/walls/predator_sand_tiger_shark-normal.jpg Organism Adaptation (D) How does that adaptation help it survive? (C) Predict its habitat or lifestyle and connect this to its adaptation ( B ) * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://www.hdwallpapers.in/walls/predator_sand_tiger_shark-normal.jpghttp://www.hdwallpapers.in/walls/predator_sand_tiger_shark-normal.jpg Adaptation (D) How does that adaptation help it survive? (C) Predict its habitat or lifestyle and connect this to its adaptation ( B ) Many rows of sharp teeth It can capture prey and tear flesh. It is a top predator capable eating many other animals. Streamlined shape powerful fins It can swim fast to chase and catch prey It is a top underwater predator capable of chasing, catching and eating many other animals. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Adaptation (D) How does that adaptation help it survive? (C) Predict its habitat or lifestyle and connect this to its adaptation ( B ) Hump contains a large fat store It can go without food for a long time. It has to live for long periods without food such as in deserts where plant life is limited. Highly efficient kidneys Limits loss of water in urine. It has to live for long times without water such as in deserts where water is scarce. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-rB4bclf-OfU/T4VdqoFVI_I/AAAAAAAAKnc/aMl8GJpU9cE/s320/adaptations+of+desert+plants.jpghttp://4.bp.blogspot.com/-rB4bclf-OfU/T4VdqoFVI_I/AAAAAAAAKnc/aMl8GJpU9cE/s320/adaptations+of+desert+plants.jpg Adaptation (D) How does that adaptation help it survive? (C) Predict its habitat or lifestyle and connect this to its adaptation ( B ) Large water store in stem. Meaning it can go a long time without taking in water. It has to live for long periods without water such as in deserts where rainfall is limited. Very large root system close to surface. Soaks up lots of water when it has rained. It can get all of its water from a few rain showers per year such as in the desert. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Adaptation (D) How does that adaptation help it survive? (C) Predict its habitat or lifestyle and connect this to its adaptation ( B ) It needs to catch and digest fly's because it needs extra nutrients not found in the soil. It lives in poor soils such as bogs. Trapping mechanism Can catch flies Bright colour/scent Attracts flies to it. As above. Secretes digestive enzymes Can digest flies * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Predict how these creatures are adapted for survival and predict their habitat. * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
Using the knowledge you have gained in the lesson, compare these two foxes giving likely reasons for two of their differences. (A grade question). * ** *** State some resources that animals and plants compete for Say what is meant by the terms competition and adaptation Describes how organisms are adapted to compete in their environments
