Understanding Chronic Sinusitis in Malaysia: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Chronic sinusitis is a prevalent issue in Malaysia, affecting a significant portion of the population. This condition involves long-term inflammation of the sinuses, often recurring even after treatment. Common causes include allergies, inflammations, bone deformations, and sinus obstructions. Symptoms range from runny nose and facial pain to severe headaches and even complications like blindness or meningitis. Treatment aims to alleviate symptoms, improve sinus function, and address the underlying causes.
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CHRONIC SINUSITIS IN MALAYSIA NAQIBAH AFIQAH BINTI NADZRI NURLINA BINTI WANSHAH
OVERVIEW Categories : acute, chronic, mild, severe, life threatening Chronic sinusitis - Long term inflammation of sinuses - more than 4 weeks. Keep returning after treatment Vs acute sinusitis a short term sinus infection usually caused by viruses or bacteria () Most cases in Malaysia non infectious, inflammatory type
STATISTICS Common problem worldwide 8 out of 10 people have mild sinusitis 60-65% from 28,310,000 Malaysians have this problem[2] 37 millions Americans have sinusitis 11,212 171 Czechs have sinusitis [1]
HOW? Allergy/Inflammation/Bone deformation sinus obstruction excess mucous not removed quickly enough infection of bacteria
ETHIOLOGY/CAUSES Living condition : Dust and cold (swollen turbinates via excess mucous) Diet : seafood Malaysian are fans of seafood products such as belacan (fermented prawn paste), cencalok and budu(fermented anchovies)
Lifestyle : use of air conditioner and fan, swimming and dipping Anatomy : tumor in nasal cavity, nasal septum deviation, large conchae, bone deformation (automobile accidents)
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Runny nose in the morning Greenish or yellowish mucous more than 3 months Frequent sneezing Bad breath Acne Severe headache Facial pain Watering eyes Fever *symptoms usually occur in the morning
COMPLICATIONS 1. Orbital complications. High risk of blindness!!! 2. Intracranial complications - meningitis 3. Vascular complications 4. Asthma 5. Loss of smell and taste 6. Osteomyelitis
TREATMENT Goals of treatment : relieving the symptoms, restoring and improving sinus function, preventing complications, and eliminating the cause 1. reduce swelling and open blocked sinuses. Inhaling steam and using nasal saline spray washes, decongestants (oral, nasal) 2. Allergy medications : antihistamines, decongestants, and anti-inflammatory medications. 3. endoscopic surgery : to widen the sinus openings, removal of nasal polyps and other structural blockages, correction of deviated septum
4. Alternative treatments in Malaysia : leech therapy, 5. Prevention is better than cure! Reduce intake of seafood products. Reduce open fire. Frequent dusting of the house.
REFERENCES 1. http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/s/sinusitis/stats-country.htm 2. http://www.klik4sihat.com/penyakit-resdung-sinusitis.html 3. http://www.american-rhinologic.org/patientinfo.sinusitiscomplications.phtml 4. http://symptomchecker.about.com/od/man/other/Diagnoses/chronic-sinusitis-in- adults.htm#treat 5. Flickr.com 6. Istockphoto.com
