Explore the Rich History and Natural Beauty of California

 
California
The Golden State
 
Where is California?
 
California is located on the west
(Pacific) coast of the United States.
 
California is located west of Nevada,
and south of Oregon.
 
It also borders Arizona and Mexico.
 
California Flag
 
The star represents Texas – where
the revolution against Mexican rule
first started.
 
The bear is meant to represent
strength. It also represents the once
common grizzly bear (now extinct in
California). The bear was the main
symbol in California’s first flag – part
of the 1846 Bear Flag Revolt in which
California declared itself
independent from Mexico.
 
The red bar represents courage.
 
California Symbols
 
California Quail – California state bird
 
California Poppy – state flower
 
Coast Redwood – state tree
 
California Facts
 
California is America’s third largest
state. Only Alaska and Texas are
larger.
 
California has more people than any
other state.
 
California has both the highest (Mt.
Whitney) and lowest point (Death
Valley) in the lower 48 states.
 
California’s redwood and sequoia
trees are the tallest trees in the
world.
 
Important Dates in California History
 
1848
 – As a result of the Mexican-American War and
the subsequent Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo,
California, and much of the southwest, is ceded by
Mexico to the United States.
 
1849
 – Thousands descend upon California upon the
discovery of gold at Sutter’s Fort. The event comes
to be known as the California Gold Rush and
boomtowns such as San Francisco suddenly have
tens of thousands of people.
 
1850
 – As part of the Compromise of 1850,
California enters the Union as a free (non-slave)
state. It becomes America’s 31
st
 state on September
9.
 
1869
 – Leland Stanford hammers the “golden spike”
in Promontory, Utah, linking two railways to form
America’s first Transcontinental Railroad. It was now
possible to take a train from the east coast to the
west coast.
 
Important Dates in California History
 
1890
 – Yosemite National Park is established.
 
1906
 – The San Francisco earthquake and fire
destroys nearly ¾ of the city.
 
1933
 – The infamous Alcatraz prison is built in San
Francisco Bay.
 
1937
 – The Golden Gate Bridge is completed.
 
1942
 – More than 10,000 Japanese-Americans living
on the west coast are relocated from their homes to
internment camps in southern California. The event
would become widely known as one of the largest
violations of civil rights in American history.
 
1976
 – Apple, Inc. is formed in Cupertino. It would
eventually become the world’s most successful
company. Google would be founded in 1998 in
Menlo Park.
 
Alcatraz
 
The Sierra Nevada Range is located
in eastern California.
 
The Coast Range rises along the
Pacific coast of California
 
The Cascades Range extends slightly
into northeastern California.
 
 
Sierra Nevada Range
 
California’s Landforms and Waterways
 
California’s Landforms and Waterways
 
At 1,450 feet in length, the Colorado
River is the longest river that runs
through California. It forms the
borders of California and Arizona.
The Sacramento River, with a length
of 447 miles, is the second longest
river.
 
Mt. Whitney is the highest mountain
in California and the highest
mountain in the lower 48 states. It is
located in the Sierra Nevada Range
and is 14,505 feet tall.
 
Mt. Whitney
 
California’s Landforms and Waterways
 
The Mojave Desert, of southeastern
California, is the driest desert in
North America. It occupies an area of
about 48,000 square miles.
 
Lassen Peak in the Cascades Range
of northeastern California is the only
volcano in the lower 48 states other
than Mt. St. Helens in Washington
that erupted in the 20
th
 century.
 
Boiling Mud at Lassen Volcanic National Park
 
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Located in the Sierra Nevada Range
of eastern California.
 
Features tall cliffs, monoliths,
waterfalls, glaciers, meadows, vast
forests, and groves of sequoia trees.
95 percent of the park is designated
as wilderness.
 
Established as one of America’s first
national parks in 1890.
 
Receives 4-5 million visitors per year.
 
 
Yosemite National Park
 
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Located in the Coast Range of
northwestern California.
 
The park preserves at least 45% of all
remaining coast redwoods.
 
Redwoods are the tallest trees on
Earth.
 
Hyperion, rising over 380 feet from
the ground, is the tallest known tree
in the 
world
. It is thought to be up to
800 years old. The park features
hundreds of trees more than 300
feet tall.
 
 
Redwood National Park
 
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Located between the Great Basin
and Mojave Desert in eastern
California.
 
Features sand dunes, badlands, salt
flats, canyons, and mountains.
 
Is the largest national park in the
lower 48 states, and the hottest and
lowest national park.
 
In 1913, the temperature in the park
reached 134 degrees Fahrenheit –
the highest temperature every
recorded on earth.
 
 
Death Valley National Park
 
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Originally called Sutter’s Fort, the area
that is now Sacramento was the center
of the California Gold Rush.
 
Sacramento was the last stop on both
the Pony Express and the
Transcontinental Railroad.
 
Was named permanent capital of
California in 1879.
 
Today, Sacramento is one of the fastest
growing cities in California. It is the
state’s sixth largest city and even has its
own NBA (National Basketball
Association) team – the Kings.
 
 
Sacramento
 
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Founded in 1776; but grew quickly
during the 1849 California Gold Rush.
 
Over 75 percent of San Francisco was
destroyed during a 1906 fire.
 
Known for its steep hills, eclectic
neighborhoods, and natural beauty, San
Francisco is one of America’s top tourist
destinations.
 
San Francisco and its suburbs comprise
the area known as Silicon Valley – the
home of numerous technology
companies including Apple, Google, and
Facebook.
 
 
San Francisco
 
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Los Angeles was founded in 1781. Its
population, however, remained low until oil
was discovered in the area in 1890.
 
“Los Angeles” means “City of Angels” in
Spanish.
 
Los Angeles is the largest city in California
and the second largest in the United States.
Over 13 million people live in the city and its
suburbs.
 
Known as one of the world’s most
important entertainment centers. Nearby
Hollywood is home to numerous film
studios and the famous Hollywood Walk of
Fame.
 
 
 
Los Angeles
 
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Connects San Francisco to Marin County,
California. It is 1.7 miles long. It rises to 746
feet at its highest point.
 
Thought to be the world’s most
photographed bridge.
 
Its color is known as “international orange.”
 
Was the world’s longest suspension bridge
when it was built.
 
Completed in 1937.
 
 
 
 
Golden Gate Bridge
 
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Founded in 1984, the Monterey Bay
Aquarium is one of the most important
aquariums in the world. It was built on the
the site of an old sardine cannery.
 
It was the first aquarium to house and care
for a great white shark.
 
Two million people visit per year
 
 
 
 
Jellyfish
 
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La Brea Tar Pits are a group of naturally
occurring asphalt reservoirs that have risen
up through the ground. Methane gas that
rises up through the asphalt makes it appear
to be boiling.
 
The tar pits have preserved the fossils of
numerous trapped animals, including the
woolly mammoth and saber-toothed tiger.
 
Located in urban Los Angeles.
 
 
 
La Brea Tar Pits
 
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Established in 1955 in Anaheim, California
(near Los Angeles).
 
It was the first Disney theme park. It
s the
only park in which Walt Disney himself
oversaw construction.
 
It attracted more than 18 million visitors in
2017, making it the world’s second most
visited theme park. Only Disney’s Magic
Kingdom in Orlando, Florida, received more
visitors.
 
 
 
 
Disney Land
 
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California’s Napa Valley is one
of the world’s most important
wine-producing regions.
 
Over 4.5 million people visit
Napa Valley each year.
 
 
 
 
Napa Valley
 
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MrN 365 has dozens of
California-themed activities.
 
Search for California, or, visit
the geography section and
click on “California.”
 
 
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California, also known as the Golden State, boasts a fascinating history and stunning landscapes. From the California Gold Rush to iconic landmarks like the Golden Gate Bridge, Yosemite National Park, and the Redwood trees, California is a diverse and vibrant state with a wealth of historical events and natural wonders to discover.


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  1. California The Golden State

  2. Where is California? California is located on the west (Pacific) coast of the United States. California is located west of Nevada, and south of Oregon. It also borders Arizona and Mexico.

  3. California Flag The star represents Texas where the revolution against Mexican rule first started. The bear is meant to represent strength. It also represents the once common grizzly bear (now extinct in California). The bear was the main symbol in California s first flag part of the 1846 Bear Flag Revolt in which California declared itself independent from Mexico. The red bar represents courage.

  4. California Symbols California Poppy state flower California Quail California state bird Coast Redwood state tree

  5. California Facts California is America s third largest state. Only Alaska and Texas are larger. California has more people than any other state. California has both the highest (Mt. Whitney) and lowest point (Death Valley) in the lower 48 states. California s redwood and sequoia trees are the tallest trees in the world.

  6. Important Dates in California History 1848 As a result of the Mexican-American War and the subsequent Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, California, and much of the southwest, is ceded by Mexico to the United States. 1849 Thousands descend upon California upon the discovery of gold at Sutter s Fort. The event comes to be known as the California Gold Rush and boomtowns such as San Francisco suddenly have tens of thousands of people. 1850 As part of the Compromise of 1850, California enters the Union as a free (non-slave) state. It becomes America s 31st state on September 9. 1869 Leland Stanford hammers the golden spike in Promontory, Utah, linking two railways to form America s first Transcontinental Railroad. It was now possible to take a train from the east coast to the west coast.

  7. Important Dates in California History 1890 Yosemite National Park is established. 1906 The San Francisco earthquake and fire destroys nearly of the city. 1933 The infamous Alcatraz prison is built in San Francisco Bay. 1937 The Golden Gate Bridge is completed. 1942 More than 10,000 Japanese-Americans living on the west coast are relocated from their homes to internment camps in southern California. The event would become widely known as one of the largest violations of civil rights in American history. Alcatraz 1976 Apple, Inc. is formed in Cupertino. It would eventually become the world s most successful company. Google would be founded in 1998 in Menlo Park.

  8. Californias Landforms and Waterways The Sierra Nevada Range is located in eastern California. The Coast Range rises along the Pacific coast of California The Cascades Range extends slightly into northeastern California. Sierra Nevada Range

  9. Californias Landforms and Waterways At 1,450 feet in length, the Colorado River is the longest river that runs through California. It forms the borders of California and Arizona. The Sacramento River, with a length of 447 miles, is the second longest river. Mt. Whitney is the highest mountain in California and the highest mountain in the lower 48 states. It is located in the Sierra Nevada Range and is 14,505 feet tall. Mt. Whitney

  10. Californias Landforms and Waterways The Mojave Desert, of southeastern California, is the driest desert in North America. It occupies an area of about 48,000 square miles. Lassen Peak in the Cascades Range of northeastern California is the only volcano in the lower 48 states other than Mt. St. Helens in Washington that erupted in the 20th century. Boiling Mud at Lassen Volcanic National Park

  11. Californias National Parks California s National Parks - - Yosemite Yosemite Located in the Sierra Nevada Range of eastern California. Features tall cliffs, monoliths, waterfalls, glaciers, meadows, vast forests, and groves of sequoia trees. 95 percent of the park is designated as wilderness. Established as one of America s first national parks in 1890. Yosemite National Park Receives 4-5 million visitors per year.

  12. Californias National Parks California s National Parks - - Redwood Redwood Located in the Coast Range of northwestern California. The park preserves at least 45% of all remaining coast redwoods. Redwoods are the tallest trees on Earth. Hyperion, rising over 380 feet from the ground, is the tallest known tree in the world. It is thought to be up to 800 years old. The park features hundreds of trees more than 300 feet tall. Redwood National Park

  13. Californias National California s National Parks Parks Death Valley Death Valley Located between the Great Basin and Mojave Desert in eastern California. Features sand dunes, badlands, salt flats, canyons, and mountains. Is the largest national park in the lower 48 states, and the hottest and lowest national park. In 1913, the temperature in the park reached 134 degrees Fahrenheit the highest temperature every recorded on earth. Death Valley National Park

  14. Californias Capital California s Capital Sacramento Sacramento Originally called Sutter s Fort, the area that is now Sacramento was the center of the California Gold Rush. Sacramento was the last stop on both the Pony Express and the Transcontinental Railroad. Was named permanent capital of California in 1879. Today, Sacramento is one of the fastest growing cities in California. It is the state s sixth largest city and even has its own NBA (National Basketball Association) team the Kings. Sacramento

  15. Californias Cities California s Cities San Francisco San Francisco Founded in 1776; but grew quickly during the 1849 California Gold Rush. Over 75 percent of San Francisco was destroyed during a 1906 fire. Known for its steep hills, eclectic neighborhoods, and natural beauty, San Francisco is one of America s top tourist destinations. San Francisco and its suburbs comprise the area known as Silicon Valley the home of numerous technology companies including Apple, Google, and Facebook. San Francisco

  16. Californias Cities California s Cities Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles was founded in 1781. Its population, however, remained low until oil was discovered in the area in 1890. Los Angeles means City of Angels in Spanish. Los Angeles is the largest city in California and the second largest in the United States. Over 13 million people live in the city and its suburbs. Known as one of the world s most important entertainment centers. Nearby Hollywood is home to numerous film studios and the famous Hollywood Walk of Fame. Los Angeles

  17. Californias Important Landmarks California s Important Landmarks Golden Gate Bridge Golden Gate Bridge Connects San Francisco to Marin County, California. It is 1.7 miles long. It rises to 746 feet at its highest point. Thought to be the world s most photographed bridge. Its color is known as international orange. Was the world s longest suspension bridge when it was built. Completed in 1937. Golden Gate Bridge

  18. Californias Important Landmarks California s Important Landmarks Monterey Bay Aquarium Monterey Bay Aquarium Founded in 1984, the Monterey Bay Aquarium is one of the most important aquariums in the world. It was built on the the site of an old sardine cannery. It was the first aquarium to house and care for a great white shark. Two million people visit per year Jellyfish

  19. Californias Important Landmarks California s Important Landmarks La Brea Tar Pits La Brea Tar Pits La Brea Tar Pits are a group of naturally occurring asphalt reservoirs that have risen up through the ground. Methane gas that rises up through the asphalt makes it appear to be boiling. The tar pits have preserved the fossils of numerous trapped animals, including the woolly mammoth and saber-toothed tiger. Located in urban Los Angeles. La Brea Tar Pits

  20. Californias Important Landmarks California s Important Landmarks Disney Land Disney Land Established in 1955 in Anaheim, California (near Los Angeles). It was the first Disney theme park. It s the only park in which Walt Disney himself oversaw construction. It attracted more than 18 million visitors in 2017, making it the world s second most visited theme park. Only Disney s Magic Kingdom in Orlando, Florida, received more visitors. Disney Land

  21. Californias Important Landmarks California s Important Landmarks Napa Valley Napa Valley California s Napa Valley is one of the world s most important wine-producing regions. Over 4.5 million people visit Napa Valley each year. Napa Valley

  22. Follow Follow- -up Activities up Activities MrN 365 has dozens of California-themed activities. Search for California, or, visit the geography section and click on California.

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