The Mongols: Assessing Their Impact on Asia

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Exploring the complex legacy of the Mongols in Asia, examining both their destructive conquests and their positive contributions to political, economic, and cultural realms. Various sources are analyzed to understand the dual nature of the Mongol Empire, prompting a consideration of how history should portray them beyond mere devastation.

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The Mongols DID THE MONGOLS DO MORE HARM THAN GOOD FOR ASIA?

Warm up to argument Which is the best pet? Why? Write down 3-5 reasons.

Background Take turns reading the Mongol background essay to your partner. Every paragraph you should switch readers. As you read, highlight information that shows the Mongols in a bad light in one color and information that shows the Mongols in a good light in another color.

Using evidence from this map, create a claim with your partner about the Mongols. Source 1: Mongol Invasions Map

Source 2: Reported Deaths by Mongol Invaders What claim could you make about the Mongols based on this chart? What is the source of this information? Do you think this information is reliable? Why or why not?

Source 3: History of the Mongols Find one piece of evidence to support the following claim: The Mongols were brutal killers who had no regard for human life. What possibly makes this a reliable source? What possibly makes this an unreliable source?

Source 4: Ghengis Khan: His Life and Legacy Find one piece of evidence to support the following claim: Genghis Khan sought to bring peace and justice to his people.

Source 5: Historian on the effect of the Mongols The Mongols conquered nearly all of Asia and achieved what all Inner Asian steppe empires had dreamed of, control of the continental caravan routes from China to Persia. The enormous destructive cost of the Pax Mongolica cannot be denied, but the Mongol Empire made significant contributions to the political institutions, economic development, and cultural diversity of many lands. No history of the Mongol Empire ... which dwells only on Mongol destruction, can be satisfactory. Write one sentence that summarizes the claim of this historian. What does he mean when the author says, No history of the Mongol Empire ... which dwells only on Mongol destruction, can be satisfactory ?

Source 6: A Record of Mongol Customs Write a reason why each action of the Mongols was harmful or helpful for Asia. HOSPITALITY ADULTERY When a husband goes hunting or to war, his wife must maintain the household, so that the messenger or guest who dismounts there finds all in order and the wife is able to provide him with good food and anything else he may require They show considerable respect to each other and are friendly together and they willingly share their food with each other, although there is little of it. Who-so-ever commits adultery will be executed, whether or not they have previous convictions. If a woman who is captured by a Mongol has a husband no one will enter into a relationship with her. If a [Mongol] desires a married woman he will kill the husband and then have relations with the woman.

Source 7: Improvements of the Mongols In both China and Persia the Mongols had taken up residence among their new subjects, gradually blending to a degree with the (local) societies. As a result, their economic interests coincided with those of the native peoples, and the Mongols, after the destruction of the initial conquest, promoted diversified economic development. The (Mongol) Yuan emperors built canals to improve transportation and communication. In China agriculture and (craft) production ... continued unabated. Cities along the caravan routes, in Persia, Armenia- Georgia, Central Asia, and China, prospered as part of the tax-free customs zones protected by the Pax Mongolica. What improvements did the Mongols make to their conquered territories? Find one piece of evidence that supports the claim: The Mongols were a force for good in Asia as they improved the lives of their new citizens.

Source 8: Firsthand account of Siege of Baghdad Abdullah Wassaf, cited by historian David Morgan "They swept through the city like hungry falcons attacking a flight of doves, or like raging wolves attacking sheep, with loose reins and shameless faces, murdering and spreading terror...beds and cushions made of gold and encrusted with jewels were cut to pieces with knives and torn to shreds. Those hiding behind the veils of the great Harem were dragged...through the streets and alleys, each of them becoming a plaything...as the population died at the hands of the invaders." If this was the only source you examined, how would you describe the Mongols? What information have you found that contradicts this description? Why is it important to look at multiple sources when examining an issue in history?

Source 9: Mongke Khan If you were a historian and you came across this primary source, what would you write about the Mongols in your book to create a more accurate history?