Wind Plant Telemetry and Web Services Issues Update

In early January 2023, certain wind plants experienced inaccuracies in their telemetry and web services data, impacting downstream processes. ISO Operating Procedure 14-F outlines requirements for wind plant telemetry, including Real Time High Operating Limit (RTHOL), Wind Plant Future Availability (WPFA), and Wind High Limit (WHL). RTHOL represents maximum power production in ideal conditions, WPFA calculates future availability, and WHL determines power production considering curtailment and weather conditions. Detailed examples for calculating these values are provided in attachments. Addressing these data issues is crucial for ensuring efficient operation of wind plants.

• Wind Plant
• Telemetry
• Web Services
• ISO-NE
• Data Issues

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1. J A N U A R Y 2 6 , 2 0 2 3 | E M E R G I N G T E C H N O L O G I E S W O R K I N G G R O U P | W E B E X / T E L E C O N F E R E N C E Recent Wind Plant Data Issues Status Update for the NEPOOL Emerging Technologies Working Group Jeff Ulrich L E A D A N A L Y S T | O P E R A T I O N S A N A L Y S I S & I N T E G R A T I O N ISO-NE PUBLIC

2. Overview ISO Operating Procedure 14-F specifies telemetry and web services requirements for wind plants During early January 2023 some wind plants provided inaccurate telemetry and web services data Inaccurate data negatively impacts downstream processes Next steps ISO-NE PUBLIC 2

3. ISO OP14-F: RTHOL Real Time High Operating Limit (RTHOL) -- telemetry For purposes of clarity due to the unique nature of wind plants, a wind plant RTHOL is the maximum power production (MW) the Wind Plant would be capable of in real-time, given ideal wind conditions and no curtailment Wind speeds should not affect the calculation of RTHOL; this includes both wind speeds that are below cut-in as well as wind speeds that are above cut-out When icing, or other similar conditions occur, the RTHOL should be reduced to reflect the generation capability given those conditions. If one or more turbines are unable to produce energy given the conditions it should be reported equivalent to a turbine outage ISO-NE PUBLIC 3

4. ISO OP14-F: WPFA Wind Plant Future Availability (WPFA) web services WPFA is equivalent to the future hour s expected RTHOL and should therefore be calculated using the same methodology as RTHOL but with the expected turbine conditions for the hour being calculated ISO-NE PUBLIC 4

5. ISO OP14-F: WHL Wind High Limit (WHL)-- telemetry When a wind plant is not being curtailed, its WHL shall be calculated to be equal to the net generation When a wind plant is being curtailed, its WHL shall be calculated to equal the wind plant s possible power production given current wind/weather conditions and equipment status if the curtailment were not in place. This will be greater than the net generation ISO-NE PUBLIC 5

6. ISO OP14-F: RTHOL, WPFA, and WHL examples Attachment B and Attachment E of OP14-F provide examples of how to calculate these values Icing affects RTHOL, WPFA, and WHL Wind speed (including cutout) affects WHL ISO-NE PUBLIC 6

7. Data Issues Related to Apparent Icing During early January 2023, at least 11 wind plants in New England seemed to experience extended icing events Icing is difficult to forecast, but much easier to detect in-situ E.g., Turbine output far below expected output based on wind speed Temperature near/below freezing High humidity/rain/rain-snow mix (in real-time or since last warm up ) In many cases, RTHOL, WPFA and WHL did not seem to reflect the apparent icing MW output of the wind plants was far below RTHOL, WPFA, WHL and the short-term wind power forecast ISO-NE PUBLIC 7

8. Impacts Related to Wind Data Issues Reduces forecast confidence Contributes to inefficient system operation (ISO Control Room received unreliable forecasts and indications) Contributes to inefficient market operation Leads to forecast model confusion ISO-NE PUBLIC 8

9. Next Steps Accurate data is essential and required ISO will be reaching out to wind plants that seemed to report inaccurate data ISO-NE PUBLIC 9

10. Jeff Ulrich 4 1 3 - 5 3 5 - 4 0 8 4 | J U L R I C H @ I S O - N E . C O M ISO-NE PUBLIC 10