Exploring the Historical Significance of the Eucharistic Congress, 1932

 
 
Leaving Certificate History
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
:
helping students to assess historical
significance
 
 
Helping students to assess historical
significance
 
Exploring historical significance of Eucharistic
Congress, 1932
 
Increasing focus on students’ ability to think critically
 
The enquiry-focused approach: rationale
 
Card-sorting and critical skills (Booklet, pages 63-66)
 
The enquiry-focused approach
 
Aims
 
To give a clear focus to a series of lessons
 
To clarify for all concerned what the learning
purposes are
 
To ensure that the sequence of lessons is
leading to improved understanding on the
part of the students
 
Helping students to assess
historical significance: five Rs
 
Remarkable
Remembered
Resonant
Resulting in change
Revealing
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
Questions  to focus on significance
 
Proposed enquiry question: 
In what ways was
the Eucharistic Congress of 1932 historically
significant?
 
Selected focus areas
 
Ireland and the Catholic Church in the
1920s and 1930s: a contextual overview
 
Catholic identity of Free State
Influence of Catholic Church on Cumann na nGaedheal
government
Influence of Catholic Church on Fianna Fáil government
Church role in health and social services, and popularity of
devotional practices
Church response to economic depression
Sense of identification with Catholic interests overseas
Protestant identity in Free State
Catholics in Northern Ireland
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
: an
overview
 
Purpose, timing, nature
Government involvement
Cardinal Lauri’s role
Dublin, decorated and lit; Phoenix Park
mass
Impact of Congress
 
Timeline
 
Preparation: retreats, triduum, Cardinal Lauri’s
arrival, Blackrock College garden party, state
banquet
 
Events of the Congress, 22-26 June
 
High point: Phoenix Park mass, 26 June
 
Glossary
 
Developing students’ historical literacy
 
Key terms
: alderman, apostolic nuncio,
benediction, bishop, blessed sacrament,
cardinal, Catholic Emancipation, confraternity,
curia, encyclical, Eucharist, holy see, papal
legate, pontifical, rosary, sodality, triduum
 
 
Biographical notes
 
Significant Church figures (Irish, international)
 
Significant government figures (politicians,
civil servant, diplomat)
 
Lay Director of Organisation
 
Significant others (GK Chesterton, Count John
McCormack, Matt Talbot)
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
Exploring its significance
 
A possible hook: 
Seven Ages
 clip
 
Questions for teachers
 
Task for students
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic
Congress of 1932 historically significant?
 
Focus area 1: The Irish Free State and the
Vatican, 1922-1932
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic
Congress of 1932 historically significant?
 
Focus area 2: Preparations for the Congress
 
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
Source 2b
 
The
 
Eucharistic Congress will be held in the month of
June, 1932, and will be the occasion of the greatest
international gathering that has ever occurred in
Ireland.
  
Few peoples of the earth will be
unrepresented when the Congress meets in Dublin.
Preparations have been taking place for the past two
years …
                       
The Irish Times
, 29 December, 1931
 
 
http://multitext.ucc.ie/d/Official_Crest_of_the_31st_International_Eucharistic_Congress_1932
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic
Congress of 1932 historically significant?
 
Focus area 3: The 1932 general election
 
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic
Congress of 1932 historically significant?
 
Focus area 4: The arrival of Cardinal Lauri
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
Source 4B
There were just a few things that we didn’t quite understand.
For instance, when our steamer entered the harbour of Dublin (it
was actually Dun Laoghaire harbour), we saw the Nuncio with
the Diplomatic Corps, the Bishops and an enormous crowd.  We
wondered if it were possible that the Government was not
present.  Then a group of men in dark coats and soft hats whom
we had taken for detectives came up to us.  They were the
Ministers.
 
 
Cardinal Lauri upon his return to Rome after the Congress quoted in Bewley’s
memoirs, cited in Keogh, D. 
 
Ireland and the Vatican: The Politics and
Diplomacy of Church-State Relations 1922-1960
. Cork:  University Press, 1995,
p 96.
 
http://multitext.ucc.ie/viewgallery/1208
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
http://www.ucd.ie/news/dec05/devalera_slideshow/devalera_slideshow_22.htm
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic
Congress of 1932 historically significant?
 
Focus area 5: Receptions for the Cardinal
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
Secondary Source  2
When the Papal Legate arrived there was great applause.
From a balcony overlooking the grounds he surveyed the
scene in glorious sunshine.  Raising his hand to bestow a
blessing on the crowd it appeared that virtually everyone
in the vast gathering  knelt to receive his blessing.  A
pause followed, which was eventually broken by one
person in the crowd who began to sing ‘Faith of our
Fathers.’ In a remarkably spontaneous gesture the  entire
crowd began to sing the hymn in unison.
 
O’Dwyer, R. 
The Eucharistic Congress, Dublin 1932: An Illustrated History
. Dublin:
Nonsuch, 2009, pp.64,65
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic
Congress of 1932 historically significant?
 
Focus area 6: Dublin – City of Lights
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
Irish Times
 photographic slideshow on the
Congress
 
http://www.irishtimes.com/blogs/gallery/2012/
06/05/eucharistic-congress-dublin-1932/
 
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic
Congress of 1932 historically significant?
 
Focus area 7: Mass meetings for men and
women and the Children’s Mass
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
Source 7C
Although my expectations on coming here were very
high, and I had prepared myself to witness something
that was extraordinary, I am obliged to say that in all
truth what has occurred is far beyond anything that I
could have perceived as possible.  I have been inspired
and edified to an extent which is beyond the power of
words to describe, and I know that God in His goodness
will bless you all most abundantly for this wonderful
tribute of love and of fidelity which you have given.
 
Extract from address by Cardinal Lauri at mass meeting for men, 23 June, Phoenix Park,
cited in O’Dwyer, R. 
The Eucharistic Congress, Dublin 1932: An Illustrated History
. Dublin:
Nonsuch, 2009, p.83.
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic
Congress of 1932 historically significant?
 
Focus area 8: The role of Count John
McCormack
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
Secondary Source  3
 
Standing at the high altar, McCormack, resplendent in
his papal uniform, had the biggest live audience of his
career.
 
From Ledbetter, Gordon, 
The Great Irish Tenor: John McCormack
, Dublin:
Townhouse, 2003, p.219.
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic
Congress of 1932 historically significant?
 
Focus area 9: High Mass in Phoenix Park
 
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
Source 9B
 
Flung together in their hundreds of thousands, like the
sands on the seashore, these people were merely parts
of a great organism which was performing a
tremendous act of faith, with no more ego in them
than the sands themselves.
 
The Irish Times
, 27 June 1932
 
 
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic
Congress of 1932 historically significant?
 
Focus area 10: Protestant perspectives on a
Catholic event
 
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic
Congress of 1932 historically significant?
 
Focus area 11: The Congress ends
 
 
 
http://www.irishtimes.com/blogs/gallery/2012/06/05/eucharistic-congress-dublin-1932/
 
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
Card sorting and critical skills
 
Rationale
 
Potential for literacy development
 
 
Group activity
 
Critical skills exercise
 
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
Post-Congress reflections
 
o
What do any of these sources add to our
understanding of the significance of the
Congress?
o
What differing perspectives on the Catholic
Church in 1932 are expressed by the two
historians in Secondary Source 4 and Secondary
Source 5?
 
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
Historians’ views (Secondary sources A-D)
 
Interrogating the historians (p.70)
 
 
In what ways was the Eucharistic Congress
of 1932 historically significant?
 
Your
 
conclusions on the enquiry
 
 
Booklet p.70
 
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
For a good selection of images relating to the
Congress, see the gallery of images on the
Multitext website:
 
http://multitext.ucc.ie/viewgallery/1208
 
 
The Eucharistic Congress, 1932
 
The following short film currently available on
YouTube was produced by students of the MA in
the History of the  Media, School of History and
Archives, UCD:
 
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dKR7olqpL80
 
 
http://pdst.ie/postprimary
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This resource aims to help students assess the historical significance of the Eucharistic Congress held in 1932. It focuses on fostering critical thinking skills and uses an enquiry-focused approach to clarify learning objectives. The content includes discussion on the context of Ireland and the Catholic Church in the 1920s and 1930s, detailed overviews of the congress itself, and suggested focus areas for examining its significance. Images and a five Rs framework are used to enhance student engagement.


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  1. Leaving Certificate History The Eucharistic Congress, 1932: helping students to assess historical significance http://pdst.ie/postprimary

  2. Helping students to assess historical significance Exploring historical significance of Eucharistic Congress, 1932 Increasing focus on students ability to think critically The enquiry-focused approach: rationale Card-sorting and critical skills (Booklet, pages 63-66)

  3. The enquiry-focused approach Aims To give a clear focus to a series of lessons To clarify for all concerned what the learning purposes are To ensure that the sequence of lessons is leading to improved understanding on the part of the students

  4. Helping students to assess historical significance: five Rs Remarkable Remembered Resonant Resulting in change Revealing

  5. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 Questions to focus on significance Proposed enquiry question: In what ways was the Eucharistic Congress of 1932 historically significant? Selected focus areas

  6. Ireland and the Catholic Church in the 1920s and 1930s: a contextual overview Catholic identity of Free State Influence of Catholic Church on Cumann na nGaedheal government Influence of Catholic Church on Fianna F il government Church role in health and social services, and popularity of devotional practices Church response to economic depression Sense of identification with Catholic interests overseas Protestant identity in Free State Catholics in Northern Ireland

  7. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932: an overview Purpose, timing, nature Government involvement Cardinal Lauri s role Dublin, decorated and lit; Phoenix Park mass Impact of Congress

  8. Timeline Preparation: retreats, triduum, Cardinal Lauri s arrival, Blackrock College garden party, state banquet Events of the Congress, 22-26 June High point: Phoenix Park mass, 26 June

  9. Glossary Developing students historical literacy Key terms: alderman, apostolic nuncio, benediction, bishop, blessed sacrament, cardinal, Catholic Emancipation, confraternity, curia, encyclical, Eucharist, holy see, papal legate, pontifical, rosary, sodality, triduum

  10. Biographical notes Significant Church figures (Irish, international) Significant government figures (politicians, civil servant, diplomat) Lay Director of Organisation Significant others (GK Chesterton, Count John McCormack, Matt Talbot)

  11. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 Exploring its significance A possible hook: Seven Ages clip Questions for teachers Task for students

  12. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic Congress of 1932 historically significant? Focus area 1: The Irish Free State and the Vatican, 1922-1932

  13. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic Congress of 1932 historically significant? Focus area 2: Preparations for the Congress

  14. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 Source 2b TheEucharistic Congress will be held in the month of June, 1932, and will be the occasion of the greatest international gathering that has ever occurred in Ireland.Few peoples of the earth will be unrepresented when the Congress meets in Dublin. Preparations have been taking place for the past two years The Irish Times, 29 December, 1931

  15. http://multitext.ucc.ie/d/Official_Crest_of_the_31st_International_Eucharistic_Congress_1932

  16. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic Congress of 1932 historically significant? Focus area 3: The 1932 general election

  17. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic Congress of 1932 historically significant? Focus area 4: The arrival of Cardinal Lauri

  18. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 Source 4B There were just a few things that we didn t quite understand. For instance, when our steamer entered the harbour of Dublin (it was actually Dun Laoghaire harbour), we saw the Nuncio with the Diplomatic Corps, the Bishops and an enormous crowd. We wondered if it were possible that the Government was not present. Then a group of men in dark coats and soft hats whom we had taken for detectives came up to us. They were the Ministers. Cardinal Lauri upon his return to Rome after the Congress quoted in Bewley s memoirs, cited in Keogh, D. Ireland and the Vatican: The Politics and Diplomacy of Church-State Relations 1922-1960. Cork: University Press, 1995, p 96.

  19. http://multitext.ucc.ie/viewgallery/1208

  20. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 http://www.ucd.ie/news/dec05/devalera_slideshow/devalera_slideshow_22.htm

  21. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic Congress of 1932 historically significant? Focus area 5: Receptions for the Cardinal

  22. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 Secondary Source 2 When the Papal Legate arrived there was great applause. From a balcony overlooking the grounds he surveyed the scene in glorious sunshine. Raising his hand to bestow a blessing on the crowd it appeared that virtually everyone in the vast gathering knelt to receive his blessing. A pause followed, which was eventually broken by one person in the crowd who began to sing Faith of our Fathers. In a remarkably spontaneous gesture the entire crowd began to sing the hymn in unison. O Dwyer, R. The Eucharistic Congress, Dublin 1932: An Illustrated History. Dublin: Nonsuch, 2009, pp.64,65

  23. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic Congress of 1932 historically significant? Focus area 6: Dublin City of Lights

  24. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 Irish Times photographic slideshow on the Congress http://www.irishtimes.com/blogs/gallery/2012/ 06/05/eucharistic-congress-dublin-1932/

  25. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic Congress of 1932 historically significant? Focus area 7: Mass meetings for men and women and the Children s Mass

  26. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 Source 7C Although my expectations on coming here were very high, and I had prepared myself to witness something that was extraordinary, I am obliged to say that in all truth what has occurred is far beyond anything that I could have perceived as possible. I have been inspired and edified to an extent which is beyond the power of words to describe, and I know that God in His goodness will bless you all most abundantly for this wonderful tribute of love and of fidelity which you have given. Extract from address by Cardinal Lauri at mass meeting for men, 23 June, Phoenix Park, cited in O Dwyer, R. The Eucharistic Congress, Dublin 1932: An Illustrated History. Dublin: Nonsuch, 2009, p.83.

  27. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic Congress of 1932 historically significant? Focus area 8: The role of Count John McCormack

  28. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 Secondary Source 3 Standing at the high altar, McCormack, resplendent in his papal uniform, had the biggest live audience of his career. From Ledbetter, Gordon, The Great Irish Tenor: John McCormack, Dublin: Townhouse, 2003, p.219.

  29. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic Congress of 1932 historically significant? Focus area 9: High Mass in Phoenix Park

  30. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 Source 9B Flung together in their hundreds of thousands, like the sands on the seashore, these people were merely parts of a great organism which was performing a tremendous act of faith, with no more ego in them than the sands themselves. The Irish Times, 27 June 1932

  31. http://farm7.staticflickr.com/6226/6324793041_12f5346495_z.jpghttp://farm7.staticflickr.com/6226/6324793041_12f5346495_z.jpg

  32. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic Congress of 1932 historically significant? Focus area 10: Protestant perspectives on a Catholic event

  33. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 The enquiry: In what ways was the Eucharistic Congress of 1932 historically significant? Focus area 11: The Congress ends

  34. http://www.irishtimes.com/blogs/gallery/2012/06/05/eucharistic-congress-dublin-1932/

  35. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 Card sorting and critical skills Rationale Potential for literacy development

  36. Group activity Critical skills exercise

  37. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 Post-Congress reflections o What do any of these sources add to our understanding of the significance of the Congress? o What differing perspectives on the Catholic Church in 1932 are expressed by the two historians in Secondary Source 4 and Secondary Source 5?

  38. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 Historians views (Secondary sources A-D) Interrogating the historians (p.70)

  39. In what ways was the Eucharistic Congress of 1932 historically significant? Yourconclusions on the enquiry Booklet p.70

  40. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 For a good selection of images relating to the Congress, see the gallery of images on the Multitext website: http://multitext.ucc.ie/viewgallery/1208

  41. The Eucharistic Congress, 1932 The following short film currently available on YouTube was produced by students of the MA in the History of the Media, School of History and Archives, UCD: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dKR7olqpL80

  42. http://pdst.ie/postprimary

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