Production Technology for Ornamental Crops, MAP and Landscaping Overview
This course covers the production technology for ornamental crops, MAP, and landscaping, presented by Dr. Mahendra Kr. Yadav. It includes identifying different types of ornamental and medicinal crops, principles of landscaping, uses of landscape trees, shrubs, and climbers, production technology of important ornamental crops, and more. Specifically focusing on the production technology of Mint, it delves into botanical details, uses of mint oil, suitable soil and climate conditions, method of propagation, and commercial aspects. The course emphasizes the significance of processing and value addition in ornamental crops and MAPs produce.
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Course Name- Production Technology for Ornamental Crops, MAP and Landscaping Course Code- 20014400 Presented By- Dr. Mahendra Kr. Yadav B.Sc. (Ag.) IV Sem. (Production Technology for Ornamental Crops, MAP and Landscaping)
Course Objectives Identify different types of ornamental and medicinal crops. Examine various principles of landscaping, uses of landscape trees, shrubs and climbers, production technology of important ornamental crops, etc. Determine about Demonstrate various Package of practices for loose flowers and their transportation, storage house and required condition for cut and loose flower. Construct about the various problems with the production technology of medicinal and aromatic plants. Importance of Processing and value addition in ornamental crops and MAPs produce. B.Sc. (Ag.) IV Sem. (Production Technology for Ornamental Crops, MAP and Landscaping)
Production technology of Mint B.Sc. (Ag.) IV Sem. (Production Technology for Ornamental Crops, MAP and Landscaping)
Production technology of Mint Botanical Name : Mentha piperita L. Family : Lamiaceae Chromosome No. :2n=6xz= 72 Origin : Mediterranean region Plant Part use Roots B.Sc. (Ag.) IV Sem. (Production Technology for Ornamental Crops, MAP and Landscaping)
Uses: 1. The oil and its principle aroma compound menthol have cooling and gastro-stimulant properties, for which it is used in pharmaceuticals in pain balms, cough syrup, cough lozenges, tablets and oilment. 2. Oil enhances the shelf life of edible products and grains because of anti microbial property of menthol. 3. Mint oil is extensively used in flouring toothpastes, candies, beverages, confectioners, chewing gums, pan parag, mouth washes and betal related products. 4. Mints are also used in shaving creams, tobacco, cigarettes, aerosols, polishes hair lostions. 5. Mint oil is used as a soothing ingredient in cosmetics, colognes, deodorants, aftershave lotion, perfume bases, etc. 6. Spent grass is used as a manure or mulch and also utilized in making paper boards and paper. B.Sc. (Ag.) IV Sem. (Production Technology for Ornamental Crops, MAP and Landscaping)
Soil: Well drained, deep, Fertile Soils rich in humus having good water holding capacity. Sandy loam should be preferred. pH: 6.0-7.5. since it is shallow feeder can not withstand the water stagnation. Climate: Long day , temperature, annual crops grown upto 1000 m elevation in subtropical region of North India. 1000-1200 mm rainfall well distributed all aroung the growing season. with bright sunshine during harvest is ideal for higher herbage and oil yield. Shade and frost are unsuitable for mint. Method of Propagation: by stolons/suckers Commertial propagation is clonally by stolon/suckers. 400-500 kg fresh juicy stolon/suckers from 0.1 ha healthy, vigorous plantation are enough as a planting material for 1.0 ha area. B.Sc. (Ag.) IV Sem. (Production Technology for Ornamental Crops, MAP and Landscaping)
Planting Time and Spacing: Mid January- early February . Stolon of 6-10 cm length with 2-4 growing points formed during winter are planted either in flat beds or on ridges and furrow layout at 2 cm depth at 40x10 cm, 45x15 cm spacing. Hey should be dipped in 0.1% Captan or Bavistin solution for 2 minutes. A day temperature of 20-25o C and light showers favours rapid growth. Rooted stem cuttings are planted in beds at 40 x 40 cm spacing during June - July. Improved varieties: Japanese mint MAS-1, MA-2, Hybrid-77, Shivalik and EC-41911 Spear mint MSS-1, MSS-5 and Punjab Spearmint-1 Bergamot mint Kiran Pepper mint - Kukrail B.Sc. (Ag.) IV Sem. (Production Technology for Ornamental Crops, MAP and Landscaping)
Manures and fertilizers 20t/ha FYM, Recommended dose: 50:75:37kg NPK/ha per year: Basal dose Remainging 75kg N as Top dressing dose splits into 3 doses. Irrigation For healthy crop growth it should be irrigated frequently. Irrigation interval of 15 days in winter and 10 days in summer is required for good yield.. Weeding: Weeding is necessary for the first 2-3 months till the planting material get established., Earthing up: done up to 4 months B.Sc. (Ag.) IV Sem. (Production Technology for Ornamental Crops, MAP and Landscaping)
Harvesting: Harvesting is done at flowering stage on dry sunny days. First harvesting is done after months with appearance of flowers and yellowing of lower leaves. It should be done the onset of monsoon. Subsequent 2 harvests are made in Sept. an Nov. orDec. The crop cut 5-10 cm above the ground with sharp sickle. Harvesting on cloudy or rainy day deceases menthol content in its oil significantly. Yield: 25-30 tonnes of herbage/ha per year 150-200 kg of oil /ha. Oil constituent: Menthol-70-80% B.Sc. (Ag.) IV Sem. (Production Technology for Ornamental Crops, MAP and Landscaping)
