Understanding Sensory Processing and Relationships: Exploring Individual Differences

UNDERSTANDING SENSORY
PROCESSING AND RELATIONSHIPS
 
Debi Hinerfeld, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA
Occupational Therapist
TIC-CON 2024
Dallas, Texas
OBJECTIVES
 
1.
Discuss the concepts of sensory processing and
different ways that individuals respond behaviorally.
2.
Evaluate individual sensory processing patterns and
understand salient individual differences that can
trigger tics.
3.
Compile sensory strategies that support personal
sensory processing for optimal engagement in
satisfying routines, activities, and relationships.
 
Image citation:  TAA.org
HUMAN BEINGS ARE SENSORY BEINGS
 
Are you ticklish?
Do you cut tags out of your clothes/dislike seams in the toes of socks?
Do you need to jog hard to have a good day?
Do you pucker severely when you taste lemon?
Do you keep the shades down or welcome in bright sunlight?
Do you like loud music?
SENSATION IS NUTRITION FOR THE
BRAIN
 
Sensory information is the fuel that runs the brain so we must have sensory
experiences to have brain power
Each person though needs a different amount of fuel
Some need more
Some need less
Individual sensory patterns are important to understand your own and others’
behaviors
SENSATIONS THAT TELL US
ABOUT OUR BODIES
SENSE OF TOUCH
TELLS US ABOUT THE EDGES
OF OUR BODY
 
Image Citation:
https://cdn.24.co.za/files/Cms/General/d/2334/39ff
0de08911485b9b2cee055542d221.jpg
POSITION SENSE
KEEPING TRACK OF WHERE BODY PARTS IN SPACE
 
Image Citation:  https://kathytemean.wordpress.com
MOVEMENT SENSORS
KEEP TRACK OF WHERE YOU
ARE IN SPACE
 
Image Citation:  https://www.google.com
ORAL SENSORS TELL US
ABOUT FLAVOR, TEXTURES,
AND TEMPERATURES
 
 
Image Citation: https://images.unsplash.com/
SENSATIONS THAT TELL US
ABOUT THE WORLD
AROUND US
VISUAL SENSES CREATE
OUR MAP OF THE WORLD
 
Image Citation: https://www.google.com
AUDITORY SENSATIONS MAP THE
DISTANCE AROUND US
 
Image Citation:  https://stock.adobe.com
SMELL IS CONNECTED TO
OUR EMOTIONS
Image Citation:  https://stock.adobe.com
SENSATIONS AFFECT BEHAVIOR IN
EVERYDAY LIFE
 
Picky about clothing fabrics
Dislike messy hands
Trip frequently
Hold head in hands at table
Get dizzy easily
Picky eater
Keep room dark
Wear earplugs or cover ears
Sensitive to perfumes or strong
smells
 
Touch objects in stores
Fiddle with objects in your hands
Like massages
Use yoga as a primary exercise
Crave amusement park rides
Love different food textures and
strong tastes
Seek a lot of natural light
Listen to music while working
Adds aroma to rooms
WHAT IS YOUR SENSORY PATTERN?
 
Complete the questionnaire
BRAIN PROCESSING
SELF REGULATION OF SENSORY
RESPONSES
 
Active self-regulation means doing something to try to control sensory input
Passive self-regulation means letting things happen and then reacting
 
https://www.google.com
 
https://www.google.com
SENSORY PATTERNS
 
Image citation:
Neurodivergent
insights
 
Image citation:  Alert Program
 
Image citation:  TAA.org
SENSATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS
 
Seekers 
in relationships
Are spontaneous and good at
generating new ideas and creating
novel situations
Can make life unpredictable and make
it hard for others who need more
structure
Avoiders
 in relationships
Good at creating schedules and
routines to be able to predict what will
happen
Create calm, quiet, and orderly
environments
Challenged with unplanned things that
happen unexpectedly and are easily
overwhelmed
 
Sensors
 in relationships
Are more aware of moods, needs, and
patterns of behavior
Vocal about their own sensory
perceptions
Challenged with busy sensory
environments and can be short
tempered when they reach their low
registration threshold
Bystanders
 in relationships
Easy going and flexible
Takes a lot of sensory information for
a bystander to notice something
Challenged with detecting situations
that require attention
TIPS FOR SENSATIONAL LIVING
 
Seekers
Provide more textures, movements smells, bumping and crashing, rolling, swinging, running,
climbing, etc.
Use heavy work for calming before homework, bed, meals, car rides, etc.
Use extracurriculars such as gymnastics, ninja courses, obstacle courses, playground, swimming, etc
Bystanders
Post schedule of activities to remind Bystander of events occurring, have the bystander run
errands, use background music
Use visual reminders
Increase intensity of sensory input (louder voice, more colorful surroundings, more visual cues)
 
TIPS FOR SENSATIONAL LIVING
 
 
Sensors
Use unscented products in the home, create routines for everyday activities and stick
to them, plan ahead for changes in routines, limit time in crowds, limit tv and radio to
one at a time, keep window shades closed or angled
 
Avoiders
Post schedule of daily routine/activities, create separate spaces in living area, keep
groups small, create a set menu of meals for the week, listen to music/tv on
headphones,
NEGOTIATING SENSATIONAL
RELATIONSHIPS
 
Tune into each other’s sensory patterns and needs
Construct mutual experiences that are satisfying to both individuals
Turn irritations into quirkiness, battlegrounds into playgrounds and differences
into priorities for coping with each other’s differences
Turn volatile situations into nurturing experiences
Allow each other to meet needs and obligations through understanding
EXAMPLES?
 
How have you experienced sensory differences with a loved one?
What happened?
What did you do?
Based on what was learned today, would you respond differently or the same?
Is there anything from this information that could support your relationship
with someone who has a tic disorder?
How would that change your relationship?
Why would it change your relationship?
QUESTIONS???
REFERENCES
.
 
 
Costa-López B, Ferrer-Cascales R, Ruiz-Robledillo N, Albaladejo-Blázquez N, Baryła-Matejczuk M.,
(2021). Relationship between Sensory Processing and Quality of Life: A Systematic Review. 
Journal
of Clinical Medicine, 
10(17). doi: 10.3390/jcm10173961. PMID: 34501408; PMCID: PMC8432132.
Dunn, W. (2007).  Supporting Children to participate successfully in everyday life by using sensory
processing knowledge.  
Infants & Young Children, 20
(2), 84-101.
doi:  
https://doi.org/10.1097/01.IYC.0000264477.05076.5d
Dunn, W. & Brown, Cantana, E. (2002). 
Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile. 
Pearson.
 Kerley LJ, Meredith PJ, Harnett PH. The Relationship Between Sensory Processing and Attachment
Patterns: A Scoping Review. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2023;90(1):79-91.
doi:10.1177/00084174221102726
Cervin, M. Sensory Processing Difficulties in Children and Adolescents with Obsessive-Compulsive
and Anxiety Disorders. 
Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol
 
51
, 223–232 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-022-00962-w
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Explore the intricate connections between sensory processing and behavioral responses, delving into how individual variations in sensory patterns can impact relationships, engagement, and daily routines. Gain insights into the significance of sensory experiences in nurturing brain function, and learn about the diverse sensory cues that inform our perception of the body and spatial awareness.


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  1. UNDERSTANDING SENSORY PROCESSING AND RELATIONSHIPS Debi Hinerfeld, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA Occupational Therapist TIC-CON 2024 Dallas, Texas

  2. OBJECTIVES 1. Discuss the concepts of sensory processing and different ways that individuals respond behaviorally. 2. Evaluate individual sensory processing patterns and understand salient individual differences that can trigger tics. 3. Compile sensory strategies that support personal sensory processing for optimal engagement in satisfying routines, activities, and relationships.

  3. Image citation: TAA.org

  4. HUMAN BEINGS ARE SENSORY BEINGS Are you ticklish? Do you cut tags out of your clothes/dislike seams in the toes of socks? Do you need to jog hard to have a good day? Do you pucker severely when you taste lemon? Do you keep the shades down or welcome in bright sunlight? Do you like loud music?

  5. SENSATION IS NUTRITION FOR THE BRAIN Sensory information is the fuel that runs the brain so we must have sensory experiences to have brain power Each person though needs a different amount of fuel Some need more Some need less Individual sensory patterns are important to understand your own and others behaviors

  6. SENSATIONS THAT TELL US ABOUT OUR BODIES

  7. SENSE OF TOUCH TELLS US ABOUT THE EDGES OF OUR BODY Image Citation: https://cdn.24.co.za/files/Cms/General/d/2334/39ff 0de08911485b9b2cee055542d221.jpg

  8. Image Citation: https://kathytemean.wordpress.com POSITION SENSE KEEPING TRACK OF WHERE BODY PARTS IN SPACE

  9. MOVEMENT SENSORS KEEP TRACK OF WHERE YOU ARE IN SPACE Image Citation: https://www.google.com

  10. ORAL SENSORS TELL US ABOUT FLAVOR, TEXTURES, AND TEMPERATURES Image Citation: https://images.unsplash.com/

  11. SENSATIONS THAT TELL US ABOUT THE WORLD AROUND US

  12. VISUAL SENSES CREATE OUR MAP OF THE WORLD Image Citation: https://www.google.com

  13. AUDITORY SENSATIONS MAP THE DISTANCE AROUND US Image Citation: https://stock.adobe.com

  14. SMELL IS CONNECTED TO OUR EMOTIONS Image Citation: https://stock.adobe.com

  15. SENSATIONS AFFECT BEHAVIOR IN EVERYDAY LIFE Picky about clothing fabrics Touch objects in stores Dislike messy hands Fiddle with objects in your hands Trip frequently Like massages Hold head in hands at table Use yoga as a primary exercise Get dizzy easily Crave amusement park rides Picky eater Love different food textures and strong tastes Keep room dark Seek a lot of natural light Wear earplugs or cover ears Listen to music while working Sensitive to perfumes or strong smells Adds aroma to rooms

  16. WHAT IS YOUR SENSORY PATTERN? Complete the questionnaire

  17. BRAIN PROCESSING

  18. SELF REGULATION OF SENSORY RESPONSES Active self-regulation means doing something to try to control sensory input Passive self-regulation means letting things happen and then reacting https://www.google.com https://www.google.com

  19. SENSORY PATTERNS

  20. Image citation: Neurodivergent insights

  21. Image citation: Alert Program

  22. Image citation: TAA.org

  23. SENSATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS Seekers in relationships Are spontaneous and good at generating new ideas and creating novel situations Can make life unpredictable and make it hard for others who need more structure Avoiders in relationships Good at creating schedules and routines to be able to predict what will happen Create calm, quiet, and orderly environments Challenged with unplanned things that happen unexpectedly and are easily overwhelmed Sensors in relationships Are more aware of moods, needs, and patterns of behavior Vocal about their own sensory perceptions Challenged with busy sensory environments and can be short tempered when they reach their low registration threshold Bystanders in relationships Easy going and flexible Takes a lot of sensory information for a bystander to notice something Challenged with detecting situations that require attention

  24. TIPS FOR SENSATIONAL LIVING Seekers Provide more textures, movements smells, bumping and crashing, rolling, swinging, running, climbing, etc. Use heavy work for calming before homework, bed, meals, car rides, etc. Use extracurriculars such as gymnastics, ninja courses, obstacle courses, playground, swimming, etc Bystanders Post schedule of activities to remind Bystander of events occurring, have the bystander run errands, use background music Use visual reminders Increase intensity of sensory input (louder voice, more colorful surroundings, more visual cues)

  25. TIPS FOR SENSATIONAL LIVING Sensors Use unscented products in the home, create routines for everyday activities and stick to them, plan ahead for changes in routines, limit time in crowds, limit tv and radio to one at a time, keep window shades closed or angled Avoiders Post schedule of daily routine/activities, create separate spaces in living area, keep groups small, create a set menu of meals for the week, listen to music/tv on headphones,

  26. NEGOTIATING SENSATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS Tune into each other s sensory patterns and needs Construct mutual experiences that are satisfying to both individuals Turn irritations into quirkiness, battlegrounds into playgrounds and differences into priorities for coping with each other s differences Turn volatile situations into nurturing experiences Allow each other to meet needs and obligations through understanding

  27. EXAMPLES? How have you experienced sensory differences with a loved one? What happened? What did you do? Based on what was learned today, would you respond differently or the same? Is there anything from this information that could support your relationship with someone who has a tic disorder? How would that change your relationship? Why would it change your relationship?

  28. QUESTIONS???

  29. REFERENCES. Costa-L pez B, Ferrer-Cascales R, Ruiz-Robledillo N, Albaladejo-Bl zquez N, Bary a-Matejczuk M., (2021). Relationship between Sensory Processing and Quality of Life: A Systematic Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(17). doi: 10.3390/jcm10173961. PMID: 34501408; PMCID: PMC8432132. Dunn, W. (2007). Supporting Children to participate successfully in everyday life by using sensory processing knowledge. Infants & Young Children, 20(2), 84-101. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.IYC.0000264477.05076.5d Dunn, W. & Brown, Cantana, E. (2002). Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile. Pearson. Kerley LJ, Meredith PJ, Harnett PH. The Relationship Between Sensory Processing and Attachment Patterns: A Scoping Review. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2023;90(1):79-91. doi:10.1177/00084174221102726 Cervin, M. Sensory Processing Difficulties in Children and Adolescents with Obsessive-Compulsive and Anxiety Disorders. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 51, 223 232 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-022-00962-w

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