Understanding Speech Act Theory and Pragmatics Tutorial

Dive into the intricacies of speech act theory with a focus on direct and indirect speech acts, illocutionary and perlocutionary forces, and performative verbs. Explore various linguistic forms including interrogative and declarative structures to understand how language can be used to convey intentions and requests effectively.

• Speech act theory
• Pragmatics tutorial
• Linguistic forms
• Performative verbs
• Direct and indirect speech acts

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1. PRAGMATICS TUTORIAL 8 CHAN YI HAO HO JIA DA TAN HUI MIN WU JIAJUN

2. QUESTION 1: SPEECH ACT THEORY Jia Da

3. QUESTION 1: SPEECH ACT THEORY Two Forces Illocutionary Perlocutionary Two Forms Direct Speech Act Indirect Speech Act

4. QUESTION 1: SPEECH ACT THEORY Performative Verbs Meaning of the verb is PERFORMED by simply UTTERING it in the sentence. Examples I apologise for my ugly presentation slides I promise to work hard for this module

5. QUESTION 1: SPEECH ACT THEORY

6. QUESTION 1A: QUESTION Direct, Performative Verb May I enquire about the criteria for admission to NUS? Intention: Illicit Information (Question) Linguistic Form: Interrogative

7. QUESTION 1A: QUESTION Direct, without Performative Verb Why on earth do you want to enroll in NUS? Intention: Illicit Information (Question) Linguistic Form: Interrogative

8. QUESTION 1A: QUESTION Indirect I am running out of patience Intention: Illicit Information (Question) Linguistic Form: Declarative

9. QUESTION 1B: REQUEST Direct, with Performative Verb I demand a diamond ring, necklace and bracelet this Valentines Day. Intention: Request/Order Linguistic Imperative

10. QUESTION 1B: REQUEST Direct, no Performative Verb Please understand my current financial situation Intention: Request/Order Linguistic Form: Imperative

11. QUESTION 1B: REQUEST Indirect Can t you afford the ring at least? Intention: Request/Order Linguistic Form: Interrogative

12. QUESTION 1C: PROMISE Direct, with Performative Verb I swear that I will make you pay for murder Intention: Promise (Declaration) Linguistic Form: Declarative

13. QUESTION 1C: PROMISE Direct, no Performative Verb I will never kill again if you spare me Intention: Promise Linguistic Form: Declarative

14. QUESTION 1C: PROMISE Indirect Prepare to meet your inevitable doom Intention: Promise (Declaration) Linguistic Form: Imperative

15. QUESTION 2: GRICEAN MAXIMS OF CONVERSATION Yi Hao

16. QUESTION 2: GRICEAN MAXIMS OF CONVERSATION Cooperative principle: How people interact with one another 4 Gricean Maxim of Conversation Quality Quantity Relation Manner False information Be as informative as required Be relevant Avoid ambiguity and obscurity Lack adequate evidence Be brief and orderly Do not be too informative

17. QUESTION 2: GRICEAN MAXIMS OF CONVERSATION He s so well spoken that you can getlulled into thinking that you believe him. Then, after a while, you start to realize that most of what he s saying is just unfounded opinion. He never backs up his statements with anything factual. Answer: Maxim of Quality

18. QUESTION 2: GRICEAN MAXIMS OF CONVERSATION Her lectures are really hard to understand. I think that she knows what she s talking about, but she uses all this complicated vocabulary, and she never defines any of the words. Plus, every sentence is about a million words long, and by the time you figure out what it meant, she s giving you another sentence that s even more complicated! Aiyoh Answer: Maxim of Manner & Maxim of Quantity (too much)

19. QUESTION 2: GRICEAN MAXIMS OF CONVERSATION His classes are hard to follow because he goes off on so many tangents. He ll be talking about Russian politics one minute, and then he ll veer off to tell us something about democracy in Ancient Greece. Then he ll get back to the Russian politics only to interrupt himself with a story about what his son did at breakfast this morning! OMG Answer: Maxim of Relation & Maxim of Manner

20. QUESTION 2: GRICEAN MAXIMS OF CONVERSATION I feel as though she never gives us thorough answers to our questions. For example, I asked her yesterday why we shiver when we re cold. All she said was because you re warm-blooded, and then she went to with her lecture. I already knew that people are warm-blooded, but I don t know what this has to do with shivering. Damn it! Answer: Maxim of Quantity (too little)

21. QUESTION 3: PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE Hui Min

22. The following is a true story involving a mother and her 2- year-old daughter. The mother is busy preparing dinner, and tells the child: Go ask your uncle what he wants to drink. The child runs to the living room where the uncle is relaxing, and doesn t come back. After a good 15 minutes, the mother checks with the uncle, who says: Yeah, she did come to me and said Uncle, uncle, what you want to drink? , then she disappeared towards her bedroom. Keeping in mind the 2-year-old s level of communicative competence, explain how the pragmatic notions of illocution and perlocution crucially help us understand this funny episode.

23. QUESTION 3: PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE Illocutionary Utterance Speaker-oriented Has an communicative intent to induce an action Declarative, Interrogative, Imperative

24. QUESTION 3: PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE Perlocutionary Utterance Hearer-based Has behavioral consequences on the hearer Declarative, Interrogative, Imperative

25. QUESTION 3: PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE Illocutionary Utterance Go ask your uncle what he wants to drink

26. QUESTION 3: PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE Intent Find out what drink Uncle wants and get back to me

27. QUESTION 3: PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE Perlocutionary behaviour Mummy said to ask what Uncle wants to drink

28. QUESTION 3: PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE What child understands Find out what Uncle wants to drink and no need get back to mummy

29. QUESTION 3: PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE Competency of a 2 year old: Process literal meaning as presented Do not understand true intent of context No No need to get back to Mummy instruction to get back to Mummy =

30. Q4: PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF APOLOGY IN SINGAPORE Jiajun

31. Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen. Thank you for attending this press conference. With great regret, I announce that I have tendered my resignation as a Member of Parliament and as a member of the People's Action Party. I haveresigned to take full responsibility for a grave mistake that I have committed. I had a relationship with a member of the People's Association staff working in Pasir Ris- Punggol GRC. While the individual did not work with me directly, Punggol East used to be part of the GRC and continues to work with it. My conduct was improper and it was a serious error of judgment. I have resigned in order to avoid further embarrassment to the PAP and to Parliament. I have performed my duties as Speaker of Parliament and MP for Punggol East to the best of my ability and my actions did not affect my performance of those duties. I am deeply sorry for letting down the residents of Punggol East, the PAP and everyone who has believed in me and supported me. I apologise unreservedly to them, and to my family. I humbly request that you be kind enough to respect my family's privacy during this difficult period. Thank you. - Michael Palmer Speaker of Parliament

32. Q4: PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF APOLOGY IN SINGAPORE Effective? Yes! Duh No repercussion to PAP after public apology Sincere

33. Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen. Thank you for attending this press conference. With great regret, I announce that I have tendered my resignation as a Member of Parliament and as a member of the People's Action Party. I haveresigned to take full responsibility for a grave mistake that I have committed. I had a relationship with a member of the People's Association staff working in Pasir Ris- Punggol GRC. While the individual did not work with me directly, Punggol East used to be part of the GRC and continues to work with it. My conduct was improper and it was a serious error of judgment. I have resigned in order to avoid further embarrassment to the PAP and to Parliament. I have performed my duties as Speaker of Parliament and MP for Punggol East to the best of my ability and my actions did not affect my performance of those duties. I am deeply sorry for letting down the residents of Punggol East, the PAP and everyone who has believed in me and supported me. I apologise unreservedly to them, and to my family. I humbly request that you be kind enough to respect my family's privacy during this difficult period. Thank you. - Michael Palmer Speaker of Parliament

34. Q4: PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF APOLOGY IN SINGAPORE Sincere Expression of Remorse With great regret I am deeply sorry Admission of fault My conduct was improper Taking responsibility to take full responsibility resigned in order to avoid further embarrassment to the PAP Public Apology Press conference

35. Q4: PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF APOLOGY IN SINGAPORE Similar cases Jack Neo, Jesslyn Tan, Anton Casey The End~ http://news.asiaone.com/News/Latest+News/Singapore/Story/A1Story20121212-389136.html