Understanding the Difference Between Observation and Inference
Learn to differentiate between observation (direct facts or occurrences) and inference (interpretations based on existing knowledge or experience) through examples such as the Sun producing heat and light (observation) and a dry, itchy skin leading to the inference that it is dry. The distinction between quantitative and qualitative observations is explained, emphasizing the importance of critical analysis in data interpretation.
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Presentation Transcript
Observation vs. Inference 6-1.2: Differentiate between observation and inference during the analysis and interpretation of data.
Quantitative (Quantity) Observations observations that use numbers Qualitative (Quality) Observations observations described in words. Inference an explanation of data based on prior knowledge or experience
The Sun produces heat and light. OBSERVATION
My skin itches because it is dry. INFERENCE
My fathers ladder is unstable. OBSERVATION
There is no one on the beach because jellyfish are in the water. INFERENCE
There are jellyfish in the water. OBSERVATION
The baby is crying because it is hungry. INFERENCE
Mr. Glover is going to win the barbecue contest. INFERENCE
The bus schedule says that the bus will arrive at 12:10pm. OBSERVATION
The foul odor is coming from Tims locker. OBSERVATION
Hot air rises. OBSERVATION
Cut apples oxidize (turn brown) after a while. OBSERVATION
Mrs. Blake gave us a test because she was grumpy. INFERENCE
